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7,742 results for “individuals”
Data from Lamb et al.: "Hanging out at the club: breeding status and territoriality affect individual space use, multi-species overlap, and pathogen transmission risk at a seabird colony"
<p>This dataset consists of two files:</p> <p><strong>ams_sku_all provides</strong> GPS locations from tracked skuas.</p> <p><strong>Skua_GPS_Metadata</strong> provides information on tracked skuas. The file consists of two workseets, the data table ("skua_gps_metadata", and a key providing descriptions of the column names and values ("Key")</p>
Computational Chromatography: A Machine Learning Strategy for Demixing Individual Chemical Components in Complex Mixtures
<p>This repository contains data for "Computational Chromatography: A Machine Learning Strategy for Demixing Individual Chemical Components in Complex Mixtures". </p>
Stroke data from: Robust dynamic brain coactivation states estimated in individuals
<p><span>A confluence of evidence indicates that brain functional connectivity (FC) is not static but rather dynamic. </span><span>Capturing transient </span><span>network interactions in the individual brain requires a technology that offers sufficient within-subject reliability. Here, we introduce an </span><span>individualized network-based dynamics analysis technique and demonstrate that it is reliable in detecting subject-specific brain states during both resting state and a cognitively challenging language task.</span> <span>Moreover, we evaluated the extent to which brain states showed hemispheric asymmetries and how various phenotypic factors such as handedness and gender might influence network dynamics. </span><span>W</span><span>e discovered a right-lateralized brain state that occurred more frequently in men than in women, and more frequently in right-handed versus left-handed individuals. Lastly, we demonstrated longitudinal brain state changes in 42 patients with subcortical stroke over 6 months. Taken together, this approach could quantify subject-specific dynamic brain states and has potential for use in both basic and clinical neuroscience research.</span></p>
43 longevity-associated SNPs genotyped in a Croatian sample of oldest-old individuals
<p>This dataset presents genotype data for 43 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have been genotyped in an anonymised sample of 314 oldest-old individuals (85+ years) from Croatia. The SNPs are located in or near candidate genes for longevity, and were selected from publicly available literature databases (PubMed and repositories specialized for human longevity such as https://genomics.senescence.info/longevity/, http://ageing-map.org/). They were selected based on their strong or repeatedly reported association with human longevity and involvement in various metabolic pathways. Genotyping was performed by Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) on genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood using the salting-out method. The dataset also contains recoding of the genotypes for each participant according to their association with longevity: a value of 2 was assigned to the homozygous genotype of longevity allele, a value of 1 to the heterozygous genotype, and a value of 0 to the homozygous genotype of an allele not associated with longevity in our sample. In cases where there were less than 10 of either homozygous genotypes, and in cases where a dominant or recessive coding gave a more significant result in further analyses, they were additionally recoded as binary variables with only the values 0 and 1, with heterozygote being added to the less common homozygote. This data was used to perform logistic regression analyses to create the best models for predicting survival to the ages of 90 and 95. Those models were then used to create genetic risk scores (here named genetic longevity scores, GLS) for predicting that phenotype, which are shown in this dataset as well. Information about the selected SNPs is also presented: rs code, nearest gene, chromosome position, and references for literature sources where association with longevity is reported; along with data that refers to the studied Croatian population: alleles (major/minor), minor allele frequencies (MAF), genotyping success rate, and HWE p-values. </p>
Demographic information of individuals participating in educational research questionnaire
<p>Pre- and post-intervention participant demographic information of individuals participating in educational research questionnaire.</p>
Data and Code for "Value dissonance in research(er) assessment: Individual and institutional priorities in review, promotion and tenure criteria related to research quality, quantity, openness and responsibility"
<p>This snapshot contains code and data for the preprint "Value dissonance in research(er) assessment: Individual and institutional priorities in review, promotion and tenure criteria related to research quality, quantity, openness and responsibility".</p> <p>Instructions on re-using the data and running the code can be found in the README.md.</p> <p>Changes:</p> <ul> <li>Added survey instrument and informed consent.</li> </ul>
Data for: Should I breed or should I go? Manipulating individual state during migration influences breeding decisions in a long-lived bird species
<p>Documentation of Carry-Over Effects (COEs), defined as effects resulting from events that occurred in a previous time period, has largely been observational and understanding of specific mechanisms underlying COEs is still lacking. To investigate this, we simulated an environmental perturbation during the spring migration of a long-lived bird species and looked at the subsequent effects on various breeding parameters. We captured female greater snow geese (<em>Anser caerulescens atlanticus</em>) on their spring staging sites and maintained individuals in captivity for up to four days before releasing them. We re-observed females 3000 km North, on their Arctic breeding grounds, to estimate their breeding propensity (i.e., probability of initiating a reproductive event for a given year), and measure their arrival date, laying date, clutch size, and nesting success. Only proxies of breeding propensity were affected by our manipulation, which decreased as the time spent in captivity increased. However, females were able to overcome the effects of captivity in two out of the three years of experimentation with normal or good environmental conditions at the breeding site. When facing the additional challenge of poor environmental conditions, many individuals manipulated during migration apparently curtailed their reproductive effort by skipping breeding. This experiment is the first to show that breeding propensity is an important parameter affected by COEs resulting from stressful events prior to reproduction in long-lived species.</p>
Data for: From individual behaviors to collective outcomes: fruiting body formation in Dictyostelium as a group-level phenotype
<p>Collective phenotypes, which arise from the interactions among individuals, can be important for the evolution of higher levels of biological organization. However, how a group's composition determines its collective phenotype remains poorly understood. When starved, cells of the social amoeba <em>Dictyostelium discoideum</em> cooperate to build a multicellular fruiting body, and the morphology of the fruiting body is likely advantageous to the surviving spores. We assessed how the number of strains, as well as their genetic and geographic relationships to one another, impact the group's morphology and productivity. We find that some strains consistently enhance or detract from the productivity of their groups, regardless of the identity of the other group members. We also detect extensive pairwise and higher-order genotype interactions, which collectively have a large influence on the group phenotype. Whereas previous work in <em>Dictyostelium</em> has focused almost exclusively on whether spore production is equitable when strains cooperate to form multicellular fruiting bodies, our results suggest a previously unrecognized impact of chimeric co-development on the group phenotype. Our results demonstrate how interactions among members of a group influence collective phenotypes and how group phenotypes might in turn impact selection on the individual.</p>
Text-fig. 21. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting structure in lateral view showing numerous small, helically arranged wedge-shaped fruitlets each with a slightly differentiated apical stigmatic region (st); no bracts or scars from bracts, perianth or stamens were observed associated with the entire structure or with individual carpels; b) Apical portions of fruitlets showing differentiation of the stigmatic region (st); c) Detail of apical portion of fruitlet showing slightly raised stigmatic region (st) and possible ventral suture. Specimen, Catefica 49-S115851 (holotype, a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 21. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Ibericarpus cuneiformis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fruiting structure in lateral view showing numerous small, helically arranged wedge-shaped fruitlets each with a slightly differentiated apical stigmatic region (st); no bracts or scars from bracts, perianth or stamens were observed associated with the entire structure or with individual carpels; b) Apical portions of fruitlets showing differentiation of the stigmatic region (st); c) Detail of apical portion of fruitlet showing slightly raised stigmatic region (st) and possible ventral suture. Specimen, Catefica 49-S115851 (holotype, a–c). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c).
Halimeda tuna (Bryopsidales, Ulvophyceae) calcification on the depth transect in the northern Adriatic Sea; carbonate production on the microscale of individual segments
<p>Raw data relevant to the submission of the manuscript: Halimeda tuna (Bryopsidales, Ulvophyceae) calcification on the depth transect in the northern Adriatic Sea; carbonate production on the microscale of individual segments.</p> <p>Table S1. Landmark and semilandmark coordinates of Halimeda tuna segment outlines.</p> <p>Table S2. External characteristics of H. tuna segments and associated abiotic factors.</p>
The evolution of dynamic and flexible courtship displays that reveal individual quality
Abstract Sexual selection is a major force shaping morphological and behavioral diversity. Existing theory focuses on courtship display traits such as morphological ornaments whose costs and benefits are assumed be to fixed across individuals' lifetimes. In contrast, empirically observed displays are often inherently dynamic, as vividly illustrated by the acrobatic dances, loud vocalizations, and vigorous motor displays involved in courtship behavior across a broad range of taxa. One empirically observed form of display flexibility occurs when signalers adjust their courtship investment based on the number of rival signalers. The predictions of established sexual selection theory cannot readily be extended to such displays because display expression varies between courtship events, such that any given display may not reliably reflect signaler quality. We thus lack an understanding of how dynamic displays coevolve with sexual preferences and how signalers should tactically adjust their display investment across multiple courtship opportunities. To address these questions, we extended an established model of the coevolution of a female sexual preference and a male display trait to allow for flexible, dynamic displays. We find that such a display can coevolve with a sexual preference away from their naturally selected optima, though display intensity is a weaker signal of male quality than for non-flexible displays. Furthermore, we find that males evolve to decrease their display investment when displaying alongside more rivals. This research represents a first step towards generalizing the findings of sexual selection theory to account for the ubiquitous dynamism of animal courtship. Significance statement Animal courtship displays are typically costly for survival: songs attract predators; dances are exhausting; extravagant plumage is cumbersome. Because of the trade-off between mating benefits and survival costs, displaying individuals often vary their displays across time, courting more intensely when the potential benefit is higher or the cost is lower. Despite the ubiquity of such adjustment in nature, existing theory cannot account for how this flexibility might affect the coevolution of displays with sexual preferences, nor for the patterns of tactical display adjustment that might result, because those models treat displays as static, with fixed costs and benefits. Generalizing a well-studied model of sexual selection, we find that a static display and a flexible display can evolve under similar conditions. Our model predicts that courtship should be less intense when more competitors are present.
Individualized mental fatigue does not impact neuromuscular function and exercise performance
<p>Previous work has shown that mental fatigue may have negative consequences on cognitive or physical performance, although recent reports question this previous empirical evidence. Here, we investigate the critical role of inter-individual differences in susceptibility to develop mental fatigue by measuring neurophysiological and physical responses to an individualized mental fatigue task. We expected mental load to alter both subjective, i.e., increased subjective perception of fatigue, and objective markers of fatigue, i.e., impaired knee extensor neuromuscular function, impaired corticospinal excitability and reduced cerebral oxygenation. Even though all participants performed a similar mental effort, their performance in a subsequent exercise did not differ. Furthermore, even if there was an elevated subjective feeling of mental fatigue, none of the neurophysiological parameters were affected. The study provides new insights into an issue that has grown in popularity in recent years without questioning individual differences and which has taken for granted the detrimental effect of acute mental fatigue on performance.</p>
Individual variation in the avian gut microbiota: The influence of host state and environmental heterogeneity
<div class="abstract-group metis-abstract"> <div class="article-section__content en main"> <p>The gut microbiota have important consequences for host biological processes and there is some evidence that they also affect fitness. However, the complex, interactive nature of ecological factors that influence the gut microbiota has scarcely been investigated in natural populations. We sampled the gut microbiota of wild great tits (<em>Parus major</em>) at different life stages allowing us to evaluate how microbiota varied with respect to a diverse range of key ecological factors of two broad types: (1) host state, namely age and sex, and the life history variables, timing of breeding, fecundity and reproductive success; and (2) the environment, including habitat type, the distance of the nest to the woodland edge, and the general nest and woodland site environments. The gut microbiota varied with life history and the environment in many ways that were largely dependent on age. Nestlings were far more sensitive to environmental variation than adults, pointing to a high degree of flexibility at an important time in development. As nestlings developed their microbiota from one to two weeks of life, they retained consistent (i.e., repeatable) among-individual differences. However these apparent individual differences were driven entirely by the effect of sharing the same nest. Our findings point to important early windows during development in which the gut microbiota are most sensitive to a variety of environmental drivers at multiple scales, and suggest reproductive timing, and hence potentially parental quality or food availability, are linked with the microbiota. Identifying and explicating the various ecological sources that shape an individual's gut bacteria is of vital importance for understanding the gut microbiota's role in animal fitness.</p> </div> </div> <div class="pb-dropzone"> </div>
Phenological mismatch affects individual fitness and population growth in the winter moth
<p>Climate change can severely impact species that depend on temporary resources by inducing phenological mismatches between consumer and resource seasonal timing. In the winter moth, warmer winters caused eggs to hatch before their food source, young oak leaves, became available. This phenological mismatch changed the selection on the temperature sensitivity of egg development rate. However, we know little about the fine-scale fitness consequences of phenological mismatch at the individual level and how this mismatch affects population dynamics in the winter moth. To determine the fitness consequences of mistimed egg hatching relative to timing of oak budburst, we quantified survival and pupation weight in a feeding experiment. We found that mismatch greatly increased mortality rates of freshly hatched caterpillars, as well as affecting caterpillar growth and development time. We then investigated whether these individual fitness consequences have population-level impacts by estimating the effect of phenological mismatch on population dynamics, using our long-term data (1994–2021) on relative winter moth population densities at four locations in the Netherlands. We found a significant effect of mismatch on population density with higher population growth rates in years with a smaller phenological mismatch. Our results indicate that climate change-induced phenological mismatch can incur severe individual fitness consequences that can impact population density in the wild.</p>
Data and codes from: Individuality matters in human-wildlife conflicts: patterns and fraction of damage-making brown bears in the North-eastern Carpathians
<p><span>Effective, evidence-based management is required to ensure long-term coexistence between people and wildlife in an increasingly humanised world. Although behavioural individuality is recognised as a key factor affecting evolutionary and ecological processes, it has rarely been explicitly assessed in relation to human-wildlife conflicts. The </span><span>'</span><span>problem individuals</span><span>'</span><span> paradigm states that some conspecifics within a given population have a disproportionately large contribution to conflicts. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have so far systematically tested this assumption in large carnivores.</span></p> <p><span>Here, we investigated the variation in conflict behaviour among brown bears Ursus arctos within the population inhabiting the Polish Eastern Carpathians. We inspected all sites notified as damaged by bears in 2014-2017 to determine the number and sex of the individuals involved. We conducted systematic non-invasive genetic sampling to estimate the size of the local population by spatially explicit capture-recapture models. We assessed the fraction and sex ratio of damage-making bears in relation to the population, as well as the behavioural patterns by </span><span>classifying and differentiating between </span><span>occasional and repetitive damage-makers.</span></p> <p><span>Approximately one-third of the estimated 72 </span><span>(95% </span><span>CI </span><span>45.2–115.5) </span><span>brown bears inhabiting the Polish Eastern Carpathians were responsible for damage occurrence in the region. The majority of damage-makers were female (65% vs. 35% of male), which reflected the sex ratio of the local population (0.57). Thirty-three percent of the damage-making bears (i.e. 9 individuals) were classified as </span><span>'</span><span>problem individuals</span><span>'</span><span>, </span><span>exhibiting repetitive conflict behaviour.</span></p> <p><span>Synthesis and applications. </span><span>This study provides evidence of intraspecific differences in conflict behaviour in a large carnivore species, the brown bear, and indicates that damage-making behaviour is not exhibited with the same frequency by all individuals within a population. Managers and policy-makers should be aware that </span><span>targeting individuals involved in conflicts without reference to the whole population may lead to misleading conclusions or an incomplete picture of the mechanisms underlying the conflicts, and thus, to mismanagement. Unravelling the behavioural patterns of individual engagement in damage through large-scale and </span><span>population-wide studies is needed to accurately assess the magnitude of damage and enhance human-wildlife coexistence in areas experiencing conflicts.</span></p>
Datasets and codes for De Lorm et al. 2023: Optimising the automated recognition of individual animals to support population monitoring
<p>Reliable estimates of population size and demographic rates are central to assessing the status of threatened species. However, obtaining individual-based demographic rates requires long-term data, which is often costly and difficult to collect. Photographic data offer an inexpensive, non-invasive method for individual-based monitoring of species with unique markings, and could therefore increase available demographic data for many species. However, selecting suitable images and identifying individuals from photographic catalogues is prohibitively time-consuming. Automated identification software can significantly speed up this process. Nevertheless, automated methods for selecting suitable images are lacking, as are studies comparing the performance of the most prominent identification software packages.</p> <p> </p> <p>In this study, we develop a framework that automatically selects images suitable for individual identification, and compare the performance of three commonly used identification software packages; Hotspotter, I<sup>3</sup>S-Pattern, and WildID. As a case study, we consider the African wild dog <em>Lycaon pictus</em>, a species whose conservation is limited by a lack of cost-effective large-scale monitoring. To evaluate intra-specific variation in the performance of software packages, we compare identification accuracy between two populations (in Kenya and Zimbabwe) that have markedly different coat colouration patterns. </p> <p> </p> <p>The process of selecting suitable images was automated using Convolutional Neural Nets that crop individuals from images, filter out unsuitable images, separate left and right flanks, and remove image backgrounds. Hotspotter had the highest image-matching accuracy for both populations. However, the accuracy was significantly lower for the Kenyan population (62%), compared to the Zimbabwean population (88%). </p> <p> </p> <p>Our automated image pre-processing has immediate application for expanding monitoring based on image-matching. However, the difference in accuracy between populations highlights that population-specific detection rates are likely and may influence certainty in derived statistics. For species such as the African wild dog, where monitoring is both challenging and expensive, automated individual recognition could greatly expand and expedite conservation efforts. </p>
Data and code for: Failure to purge: Population and individual inbreeding effects on fitness across generations of wild Impatiens capensis
<p>Inbreeding exposes deleterious recessive alleles in homozygotes, lowering fitness and generating inbreeding depression (ID). Both purging (via selection) and fixation (via drift) should reduce segregating deleterious mutations and ID in more inbred populations. These theoretical predictions are not well-tested in wild populations, which is concerning given purging/fixation have opposite fitness outcomes. We examined how individual- and population-level inbreeding and genomic heterozygosity affected maternal and progeny fitness within and among 12 wild populations of <em>Impatiens capensis</em>. We quantified maternal fitness in home sites, maternal multilocus heterozygosity (using 12,560 SNPs), and lifetime fitness of selfed and predominantly outcrossed progeny in a common garden. These populations spanned a broad range of individual- (<span class="s1"><em>f</em></span><span class="s2"><sub>i</sub></span><em> </em>= -0.17–0.98) and population-level inbreeding (<span class="s1"><em>F</em></span><span class="s2"><sub>IS</sub></span> = 0.25–0.87). More inbred populations contained fewer polymorphic loci, less fecund mothers, and smaller progeny, suggesting higher fixed loads. However, despite appreciable ID (mean: 8.8 lethal equivalents per gamete), ID did not systematically decline in more inbred population. More heterozygous mothers were more fecund and produced fitter progeny in outcrossed populations, but this pattern unexpectedly reversed in highly inbred populations. These observations suggest that persistent overdominance or some other force acts to forestall purging and fixation in these populations.</p>
Consensual videos of potentially re-identifiable individuals recorded at the Autonomous Driving Test Area Baden-Württemberg (raw images with location and IMU data).
<p>For the purpose of research on data intermediaries and data anonymisation, it is necessary to test these processes with realistic video data containing personal data. For this purpose, the <a href="http://treumoda.de">Treumoda</a> project, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), has created a dataset of different traffic scenes containing identifiable persons.</p> <p>This video data was collected at the <a href="https://taf-bw.de/">Autonomous Driving Test Area Baden-Württemberg</a>. On the one hand, it should be possible to recognise people in traffic, including their line of sight. On the other hand, it should be usable for the demonstration and evaluation of anonymisation techniques.</p> <p><strong>The legal basis for the publication of this data set the consent given by the participants as documented in the file Consent.pdf (all purposes) in accordance with Art. 6 1 (a) and Art. 9 2 (a) GDPR. Any further processing is subject to the GDPR.</strong></p> <p>We make this dataset available for non-commercial purposes such as teaching, research and scientific communication. Please note that this licence is limited by the provisions of the GDPR. Anyone downloading this data will become an independent controller of the data. This data has been collected with the consent of the identifiable individuals depicted.</p> <p>Any consensual use must take into account the purposes mentioned in the uploaded consent forms and in the privacy terms and conditions provided to the participants (see Consent.pdf). All participants consented to all three purposes, and no consent was withdrawn at the time of publication. KIT is unable to provide you with contact details for any of the participants, as we have removed all links to personal data other than that contained in the published images.</p>
Probabilistic Estimates of Convective Instability in Individual MRO-MCS Temperature Retrievals
<p>Heavens, Nicholas G. (2023), “Probabilistic Estimates of Convective Instability in Individual MRO-MCS Temperature Retrievals”, Zenodo, V1, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7828010.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Title:</strong> Probabilistic Estimates of Convective Instability in Individual MRO-MCS Temperature Retrievals</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Author:</strong> Nicholas G. Heavens, Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO, USA and London, UK (nheavens@spacescience.org)</p> <p> </p> <p>Date: 15 April 2023</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Overview</strong>: This dataset contains analyses of convective instabilities in individual MRO-MCS temperature profiles for a manuscript currently under review at the <em>Planetary Science Journal</em>.</p> <p> </p> <p>Averaged data products based on these analyses already have been archived as Heavens (2022):</p> <p> </p> <p>The data products are estimates of the probability of convective instability derived from diagnosis of convective instability in retrieved temperature profiles from Mars Climate Sounder on board Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO-MCS)</p> <p> </p> <p>If you are using this dataset and are feeling confused or wish there were some additional information from the article in this dataset, please contact me. A complete account of the contents and a restatement of this description is included as MCS_CONVINST_INDFILE_SURVEY_DESC.PDF</p> <p> </p> <p>Acknowledgments: The archiving of this dataset is supported by NASA’s Mars Data Analysis Program (80NSSC19K1215).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Contents:</strong></p> <p> </p> <ol> <li><em>MCS_CONVINST_INDFILE_SURVEY_DESC.pdf</em></li> </ol> <p>A copy of this description in PDF format.</p> <p> </p> <ol> <li><em>MCSconvinst_indivncfiles.tar.gz</em></li> </ol> <p>This compressed tar archive contains 63196 Network Common Data Format (netCDF) files (~ 20 GB uncompressed) named in the form:</p> <p> </p> <p>xxxxxx_convinst.nc, where xxxxxx is the re-centered orbit number of MRO defined by Heavens et al. (2018). The contents of this file type is:</p> <p> </p> <p>Variables:</p> <p> </p> <ol> <li>entrynum: Number to index retrievals in the file</li> <li>Pgrid: The pressure (Pa) level grid</li> <li>lapserateunstableprob_rets: The probability (%) of convective instability in an individual profile at a given pressure level</li> <li>altrets: The altitude grid (km) of each individual profile in relative to the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) areoid</li> <li>ampmrets: A flag to indicate whether MRO is in its ascending PM orbit (~ 15:00 LST at the Equator) or in its descending AM orbit (~ 3:00 at the Equator). Precise local time can be estimated by using the MRO-MCS dataset directly or using sclkrets.</li> <li>latrets: The latitude of the profile in degrees north.</li> <li>longrets: The longitude of the profile in degrees east</li> <li>loopflagrets: A flag to indicate the presence of nearby loops; flag = 1 indicates the presence of a nearby loop.</li> <li>lsrets: Areocentric longitude (degrees) of each individual profile</li> <li>myrets: Mars Year of each individual profile</li> <li>sclkrets: SCLK (seconds since 1 January 1980 00:00:00 UTC) for each individual profile</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>Heavens, N. (2022), Epitomic Data for a Multiannual Record of Convective Instability in Mars's Middle Atmosphere from the Mars Climate Sounder, Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/fmgvbpwdk7.1</p> <p> </p> <p>Heavens, N.G., A. Kleinböhl, M.S. Chaffin, J.S. Halekas, D.M. Kass, P.O. Hayne, D.J. McCleese, S. Piqueux, J.H. Shirley, and J.T. Schofield, 2018, Hydrogen escape from Mars enhanced by deep convection in dust storms, <em>Nature Astron</em>., 2, 126–132, doi: 10.1038/s41550-017-0353-4.</p>
Individual ostracode valve analyses (IOVA) of Sclerocypris clavularis from modern Lake Turkana sediments
<p>We provide stable carbon (δ¹³C) and oxygen (δ¹⁸O) isotope measurements in individual calcitic valves of extant ostracode species, Sclerocypris clavularis, from modern sediments in 17 sites across Lake Turkana, eastern Africa. These sediments were collected using a modified Ekman dredge during May-November, 1979. Pooled statistics of these individual ostracode valve analyses (IOVA) of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O measurements (n = 329) at each site show strong correlations with lake hydrological parameters. Within-site variance in IOVA-δ¹³C is larger (~60%) than that of IOVA-δ¹⁸O. Yet, pooled averages exhibit a systematic pattern with higher δ values towards the southern part of the lake, away from Omo River inflow, which is the largest riverine input into Lake Turkana (comprising ~90% of overall inflows). We suggest that the latitudinal δ¹³C gradient may arise from low riverine δ¹³C and low organic matter δ¹³C as a productivity response to nutrient-rich Omo River inflow towards the north. The δ¹⁸O pattern may be explained by the diminishing influence of Omo River inflows and more evaporation driving higher IOVA-δ¹⁸O values towards the windier, southern basin. We conclude that pooled IOVA statistics in Omo-Turkana sediments can aid interpretations of past regional paleohydrology and its variability in this basin.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.