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FIG. 4 in Model-based analysis of postcranial osteology of marsupials from the Palaeocene of Itaboraí (Brazil) and the phylogenetics and biogeography of Metatheria

FIG. 4. — Juvenile to adult ontogenetic series, from left to right, of five left proximal ulnae of Didelphis virginiana; A, anterior view; B, medial view; C, lateral view. Abbreviations: HuUlm, medial humeroulnar; HuUlr, radial humeroulnar; HuUlz, zonal humeroradial; RaUlp, proximal radioulnar facet; rn, radial notch; ulalfo, ulnar annular ligamentous fossa; ulco, ulnar coronoid process; ulcolr, ulnar cranial olecranon ridge; uldtc, distal ulnar trochlear crest; ulfoa, ulnar fossa for anconeus; ulfofdp, ulnar fossa for flexor digitorum profundus; ulgr, ulnar guiding ridge; ulol, ulnar olecranon process; ulppr, ulnar proximal process; ulptc, ulnar proximal trochlear crest; ulptcl, ulnar lateral proximal trochlear crest; ulptcm, ulnar medial proximal trochlear crest; ulscs, ulnar subcutaneous surface; ultrn, ulnar trochlear notch. Scale bar: 4 mm.

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FIG. 2 in Model-based analysis of postcranial osteology of marsupials from the Palaeocene of Itaboraí (Brazil) and the phylogenetics and biogeography of Metatheria

FIG. 2. — Juvenile to adult ontogenetic series, from left to right, of five left humeri of Didelphis virginiana; A, proximal ends; B, lateral view of proximal end of largest specimen; C, medial view of proximal end of largest specimen; D, anterior view of distal ends; E, posterior view of distal ends. Abbreviations: hbgr, humeral bicipital groove; hcap, humeral capitulum; hcfo, humeral coronoid fossa; hhd, humeral head; hlec, humeral (lateral) ectepicondyle; hlecr, humeral (lateral) ectepicondylar crest; hlfcap, humeral lateral flange of capitulum; hltub, humeral lateral (greater) tuberosity; hmtub, humeral medial (lesser) tuberosity; hmec, humeral (medial) entepicondyle; hofo, humeral olecranon fossa; hplcr, humeral posterolateral crest; hpmcr, humeral posteromedial crest; hrfo, humeral radial fossa; hscf, humeral supracondyloid foramen; hscr, humeral supracondyloid ridge; htr,; HuUlz, zonal humeroulnar facet; hzcon, humeral zona conoidea; rasgr, groove for radial sesamoid. Scale bar: 4 mm.

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FIG. 6 in Model-based analysis of postcranial osteology of marsupials from the Palaeocene of Itaboraí (Brazil) and the phylogenetics and biogeography of Metatheria

FIG. 6. — Details of juvenile and adult left tibiae and fibula of Didelphis virginiana; A, proximal view of juvenile tibia; B, proximal view of adult tibia; C, proximal view of adult tibia and fibula; D, distal view of adult tibia showing astragalar articulation; E, posterior view of specimen shown in D; F, anterior view of specimen shown in E. Abbreviations: ATil, lateral astragalotibial facet; ATim, medial astragalotibial facet; ATip, posterior astragalotibial facet; FeFi, femorofibular facet; FeTil, lateral femorotibial facet; FeTim, medial femorotibial facet; Fi, fibula; PfFi, parafibulofibular facet; Ti, tibia; TiFid, distal tibiofibular facet; tilc, tibial lateral condyle; tilic, tibial lateral intercondylar tubercle; timic, tibial medial condyle; tmm, tibial medial malleolus; tqfcr, tibial crest for quadratus femoris; trmgr, tibial retromalleolar groove. Scale bars: 4 mm.

FIG. 8 in A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 3. A New Species from Western Amazonia, with Redescriptions of M. perplexa Anthony, 1922, and M. germana Thomas, 1904

FIG. 8. White-sand vegetation (varillal) at the Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana, Loreto, Peru, habitat of Marmosa germana (photo by Christine L. Hice).

FIG. 3 in A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 3. A New Species from Western Amazonia, with Redescriptions of M. perplexa Anthony, 1922, and M. germana Thomas, 1904

FIG. 3. Dorsal and ventral views of skins of Marmosa jansae (ROM 118880), M. perplexa (USNM 513425), and M. germana (FMNH 43179).

FIG. 4 in A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 3. A New Species from Western Amazonia, with Redescriptions of M. perplexa Anthony, 1922, and M. germana Thomas, 1904

FIG. 4. Dorsal and ventral cranial views (×1.75) of Marmosa jansae (A, D; ROM 118880), M. perplexa (B, E; USNM 513425), and M. germana (C, F; TTU 101236).

FIG. 7 in A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 3. A New Species from Western Amazonia, with Redescriptions of M. perplexa Anthony, 1922, and M. germana Thomas, 1904

FIG. 7. Semideciduous forest understory near Quebrada El Faical, Tumbes department, Peru, habitat of Marmosa perplexa (photo by Elizabeth Escobar).

FIG. 2 in A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 3. A New Species from Western Amazonia, with Redescriptions of M. perplexa Anthony, 1922, and M. germana Thomas, 1904

FIG. 2. Collection localities of examined specimens of Marmosa germana, M. jansae, and M. perplexa. Numbers are keyed to entries in our gazetteer (appendix 1).

FIG. 1 in A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 3. A New Species from Western Amazonia, with Redescriptions of M. perplexa Anthony, 1922, and M. germana Thomas, 1904

FIG. 1. Maximum-likelihood (ML; left) and Bayesian (right) phylogenetic trees for putative species of Marmosa (Micoureus) inferred from concatenated sequences of six genes (after Voss et al., 2020: fig. 6). Numbers at nodes denote ML bootstrap support or Bayesian posterior probabilities. Outgroups are not shown. Dotted lines connect the same taxa across the two trees to highlight differences. Names of species treated in this report are in boldface.

FIG. 5 in A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 3. A New Species from Western Amazonia, with Redescriptions of M. perplexa Anthony, 1922, and M. germana Thomas, 1904

FIG. 5. Rainforest (monte alto) habitat of Marmosa jansae at the Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana, Loreto, Peru (photo by Christine L. Hice).

FIG. 10 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 10. Lateral cranial views of three small opossums (same specimens as in fig. 9). A, Hyladelphys kalinowskii; B, Marmosa lepida; C, Gracilinanus emiliae. Abbreviations: P2, second upper premolar; P3, third upper premolar; pac, posterior accessory cusp (of upper canine); rp, rostral process (of premaxilla).

FIG. 11 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 11. Ventral views of palates of A, Marmosa constantiae (AMNH 209162) and B, M. rapposa (MSB 140347). Both specimens are from Bolivia, where these species are externally similar (with mostly selfyellow ventral fur and half-white tails; see text). Both species have maxillopalatine fenestrae (mpf), but only M. rapposa consistently has well-developed palatine fenestrae (pf).

FIG. 8 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 8. Collecting localities of sequenced specimens of Caluromys. Numbers are keyed to gazetteer entries in appendix 3.

FIG. 6 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 6. Dorsal and ventral cranial views and occlusal view of the maxillary dentition of an opossum (Philan- der), illustrating the anatomical limits of craniodental measurements defined in the text.

FIG. 20 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 20. Dorsal views of skins of Marmosops soinii (left to right: AMNH 272760, MUSM 15298, MUSM 23805) and M. ocellatus (left to right: USNM 584469, 584466, 584467).

FIG. 21 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 21. Ventral views of skins of Marmosops soinii (left to right: AMNH 272760, MUSM 15298, MUSM 23805) and M. ocellatus (left to right: USNM 584469, 584466, 584467).

FIG. 5 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 5. Two pages from the field notes of a Matses man employed to hunt for marsupials and rodents at Nuevo San Juan. On the left-hand page, which records observations made on 5 October 1999, the second entry reads, "10:10 [pm] I killed an opossum in primary forest on the lower slope of a hillside. It was up in a slender tree." The corresponding voucher is MUSM 15311, a specimen of Marmosa constantiae.

FIG. 13 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 13. Dorsal cranial views of A, Metachirus nudicaudatus (AMNH 267009, an adult male from French Guiana) and B, M. myosuros (AMNH 273057, an adult male from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve).

FIG. 9 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 9. Dorsal and ventral cranial views of three small opossums. A, Hyladelphys kalinowskii (AMNH 267338, an adult male from French Guiana); B, Marmosa lepida (AMNH 273186, an adult male from the Yavarí- Ucayali interfluve); C, Gracilinanus emiliae (MUSM 15292, an adult female from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve). Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process of the alisphenoid bulla (enclosing a secondary foramen ovale); pal, palatine fenestra; pop, postorbital process (of frontal); rp, rostral process (of premaxilla).

FIG. 4 in Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)

FIG. 4. Our house at Nuevo San Juan in 1998 (above) and specimens drying in the sun (below), including Marmosa constantiae, Metachirus myosuros, and Philander mcilhennyi (both photos by R.S.V.).