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12,683 results for “tolerability”
Compiled dataset and posterior results for NEMo analyses on Acacia tolerance to aridity and salinity
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Data from: Host disease tolerance predicts transmission probability for a songbird pathogen
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Chronic heat tolerance reveals overestimated thermal safety margins and increased vulnerability in marine fish populations
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Resistance and tolerance to imperfectly specialized parasites: Milkweed butterflies and their protozoan parasites
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Thermal tolerance in Drosophila: repercussions for distribution, community coexistence and responses to climate change
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SO2 and copper tolerance exhibit an evolutionary trade-off in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Developmental temperature, more than long-term evolution, defines thermal tolerance in an Estuarine Copepod
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Data for: Effects of parental age on salt stress tolerance in an aquatic plant
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Nectar peroxide: Assessing variation among plant species, microbial tolerance and effects on microbial community assembly
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Data for: Plasticity in mosquito size and thermal tolerance across a latitudinal climate gradient
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Brain size predicts bees’ tolerance to urban environments
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Data for Phenotypically plastic responses to freshwater salinization in larval amphibians: Induced tolerance and induced sensitivity
These data support a paper published by Relyea et al. in 2023 in the journal Environmental Pollution. In this manuscript titled 'Phenotypically plastic responses to freshwater salinization in larval amphibians: induced tolerance and induced sensitivity' the authors use a lab experiment to examine the effects of low levels of exposure to road salt pollution on amphibian responses to higher subsequent doses of the contaminant.
Temperate woody angiosperm (Acer, Ilex, Magnolia) drought tolerance (TLP, xylem embolism) data, Arnold Arboretum and Scott Arboretum, MA/PA, USA, 2019-22
Understanding the capacity of temperate trees to acclimate to limited soil water has become essential in the face of increasing drought risk due to climate change. We documented seasonal – or phenological – patterns in acclimation to water deficit stress in stems and leaves of tree species spanning the angiosperm phylogeny. Over three years of field observations carried out in two U.S. arboreta, we measured stem vulnerability to embolism (36 individuals of 7 Species) and turgor loss point (119 individuals of 27 species) over the growing season. We also conducted a growth chamber experiment on 20 individuals of one species to assess the mechanistic relationship between soil water restriction and acclimation. In three quarters of species measured, plants became less vulnerable to embolism and/or loss of turgor over the growing season. We were able to stimulate this acclimatory effect by withholding water in the growth chamber experiment. Temperate angiosperms are capable of acclimation to soil water deficit stress, showing maximum vulnerability to soil water deficits following budbreak and becoming more resilient to damage over the course of the growing season or in response to simulated drought. The species-specific tempo and extent of this acclimatory potential constitutes preadaptive climate change resilience.
Interspecific variation and elevated CO2 influence the relationship between plant chemical resistance and regrowth tolerance
<p>To understand how comprehensive plant defense phenotypes will respond to global change, we investigated the legacy effects of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on the relationships between chemical resistance (constitutive and induced via mechanical damage) and regrowth tolerance in four milkweed species (<i>Asclepias</i>). We quantified potential resistance and tolerance tradeoffs at the physiological level following simulated clipping/mowing, which are relevant to milkweed ecology and conservation. We examined the legacy effects of elevated CO<sub>2 </sub>on four hypothesized tradeoffs between: 1) plant growth rate and constitutive chemical resistance (foliar cardenolide concentrations), 2) plant growth rate and mechanically induced chemical resistance, 3) constitutive resistance and regrowth tolerance, and 4) regrowth tolerance and mechanically induced resistance. We observed support for one tradeoff between plant regrowth tolerance and mechanically induced resistance traits that was, surprisingly, independent of CO<sub>2</sub> exposure. Across milkweed species, mechanically induced resistance increased by 28% in those plants previously exposed to elevated CO<sub>2. </sub> In contrast, constitutive resistance, and the diversity of mechanically induced chemical resistance traits declined in response to elevated CO<sub>2 </sub>in two out of four milkweed species. Finally, previous exposure to elevated CO<sub>2 </sub>uncoupled the positive relationship between plant growth rate and regrowth tolerance following damage. Our data highlight the complex and dynamic nature of plant defense phenotypes under environmental change and question the generality of physiologically-based defense tradeoffs.</p>
Data from: Distinct cold tolerance traits independently vary across genotypes in Drosophila melanogaster
The ability to cope with low temperature is a critical adaptation in thermally variable environments. Cold hardiness is comprised of several traits, including minimum temperatures for growth and activity, ability to survive severe cold, and ability to recover normal function after cold subsides. Across species, these traits are correlated and share physiological mechanisms, suggesting they were shaped by shared evolutionary processes. However, the extent cold hardiness traits and their associated mechanisms covary within populations has not been assessed. We measured five cold hardiness traits – critical thermal minimum (CTmin), chill coma recovery (CCR), acute and chronic cold tolerance, and cold-induced changes in locomotor behavior – along with cold-induced expression of two genes with known roles in cold hardiness (<i>Heat Shock Protein 70</i> and <i>Frost</i>) – across 12 lines of <i>D. melanogaster</i> derived from a single population. We observed significant genetic variation in all traits, but few correlated across genotypes, and these correlations were sex-dependent. Further, cold-induced gene expression varied by genotype, but there was no evidence supporting our hypothesis that cold-hardy lines would have either higher baseline expression or induction of stress genes. These results suggest cold hardiness traits possess unique mechanisms and may have the capacity to evolve independently.
Data from: Thermal tolerance and the importance of microhabitats for Andean frogs in the context of land-use and climate change
<p><span>1. Global warming is having impacts across the Tree of Life. Understanding species' physiological sensitivity to temperature change and how they relate to local temperature variation in their habitats is crucial to determining vulnerability to global warming. </span></p> <p><span>2. We ask how species' vulnerability varies across habitats and elevations, and how climatically-buffered microhabitats can contribute to reduce their vulnerability. </span></p> <p><span>3. We measured thermal sensitivity (critical thermal maximum – CT<sub>max</sub>) of 14 species of <i>Pristimantis</i> frogs inhabiting young and old secondary, and primary forests in the Colombian Andes. Exposure to temperature stress was measured by recording temperature in the understory and across five microhabitats. We determined the frogs' current vulnerability across habitats, elevations and microhabitats accounting for phylogeny and then ask how vulnerability varies under four warming scenarios: +1.5⁰C, +2⁰C, +3⁰C and +5⁰C. </span></p> <p>4. We found that CT<sub>max</sub> was constant across species regardless of habitat and elevation. However, species in young secondary forests are expected to become more vulnerable because of increased exposure to higher temperatures. Microhabitat variation could enable species to persist within their thermal temperature range as long as regional temperatures do not surpass +2°C. The effectiveness of microhabitat buffering decreases with a 2-3°C increase, and is almost null under a 5°C temperature increase.</p> <p><span>5. Microhabitats will provide thermal protection to Andean frog communities from climate change by enabling tracking of suitable climates through short distance movement. Conservation strategies, such as managing landscapes by preserving primary forests and allowing regrowth and re-connection of secondary forest would offer thermally buffered microhabitats and aid in the survival of this group. </span></p>
Data from: Heat tolerance in ectotherms scales predictably with body size
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>This study analyses how heat stress varies with body size in ectothermic organisms. The analytical approach is based on thermal death time (TDT) curves, which take into consideration both the intensity and the duration of a thermal stress, and result in a linear relationship between temperature and the logarithm of time. We analyzed two separate heat tolerance datasets measured in mollusk, arthropod, fish, amphibian and reptile species, covering nearly 9 orders of magnitude in size. Datasets ware intrinsically different but ultimately convey the same type of information on thermal tolerance. The first dataset comprised individual measurements of heat stress (i.e., data points expressed in temperature and time coordinates) whereas the second dataset described the intercept and slope of TDT curves. In both cases, smaller organisms exhibited a higher tolerance to an acute heat stress than larger ones, but their tolerance declined faster in time.We then combined the results from our scaling analyses with geographic information to quantify thermal safety margins standardized by mass and time. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Photosynthetic heat tolerances and extreme leaf temperatures
<p>Photosynthetic heat tolerances (PHTs) have several potential applications including predicting which species will be most vulnerable to climate change. Given that plants exhibit unique thermoregulatory traits that influence leaf temperatures, and that leaf temperatures can be decoupled from ambient air temperatures, we hypothesized that PHTs should be correlated to extreme leaf temperature as opposed to air temperatures.<b> </b>We measured thermoregulatory traits, maximum leaf temperatures (T<sub>MO</sub>), and two metrics of PHTs (T<sub>crit</sub> and T<sub>50</sub>) for 19 plant species growing in Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden (Coral Gables, FL, USA). Thermoregulatory traits measured at the Garden were used to parameterize a leaf energy balance model to predict maximum in situ leaf temperatures (T<sub>MIS</sub>) across the geographic distributions of 13 species. T<sub>MO</sub> and T<sub>MIS</sub> were positively correlated with T<sub>50</sub> but were not correlated with T<sub>crit</sub>. The breath of species' thermal safety margins (the difference between T<sub>50</sub> and leaf temperatures) was negatively correlated with T<sub>50</sub>. Our results provide observational and theoretical support for the hypothesis that PHTs may be adaptations to extreme leaf temperature, but refute the assumption that species with higher PHTs are less susceptible to thermal damage. We introduce a novel method for studying plant ecophysiology by incorporating biophysical and species distribution models.</p>
VTR case studies datasets: myoglobin against hemoglobin, RBDs of SARS-CoV-1 vs. SARS-CoV-2, and glucose-tolerant vs. non-tolerant β-glucosidases
<p>Description of the four files:</p> <ol> <li><strong>contacts.xlsx</strong> <ul> <li>List of detected contacts for the three case studies</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>pymol_files_case_study_1.zip</strong> <ul> <li>Contains files in PDB format of the analyzed structures, and files in PML format used to display visualizations in the PyMOL tool for the case study 1: comparison between contacts of myoglobin against hemoglobin</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>pymol_files_case_study_2.zip</strong> <ul> <li>Contains files in PDB format of the analyzed structures, and files in PML format used to display visualizations in the PyMOL tool for the case study 2: comparison between contacts of RBDs of SARS-CoV-1 vs. SARS-CoV-2 both complexed with the cell receptor ACE2</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>pymol_files_case_study_3.zip</strong> <ul> <li>Contains files in PDB format of the analyzed structures, and files in PML format used to display visualizations in the PyMOL tool for the case study 3: comparison between contacts of glucose-tolerant vs. non-tolerant β-glucosidases </li> </ul> </li> </ol>
Data From: Contrasting physiological traits of shade tolerance in Pinus and Podocarpaceae native to a tropical Vietnamese forest: Insight from an aberrant flat-leaved pine
<p>The absence of pines from tropical forests is a puzzling biogeographical oddity potentially explained by traits of shade intolerance. <i>Pinus krempfii</i>, a flat-leaved pine endemic to the Central Highlands of Vietnam, provides a notable exception as it seems to successfully compete with shade-tolerant tropical species. Here, we test the hypothesis that successful conifer performance at the juvenile stage depends on physiological traits of shade tolerance by comparing the physiological characteristics of <i>P. krempfii </i>to coexisting species from the genus <i>Pinus</i> and from the Podocarpaceae, a relatively abundant and shade tolerant conifer family found in pantropical forests. We examined leaf photosynthetic, respiratory and biochemical traits. Additionally, we compiled attainable maximum photosynthesis, maximum RuBP carboxylation (<i>Vc</i><sub>max</sub>) and maximum electron transport (<i>J</i><sub>max</sub>) values for <i>Pinus</i> and Podocarpaceae species from the literature. In our literature compilation, <i>P. krempfii </i>was intermediate between <i>Pinus</i> and Podocarpaceae in its maximum photosynthesis and its <i>Vc</i><sub>max</sub>. <i>Pinus</i> exhibited a higher <i>Vc</i><sub>max</sub> than Podocarpaceae, resulting in a less steep slope in the linear relationship between <i>J</i><sub>max</sub> and <i>Vc</i><sub>max</sub>. These results suggest that <i>Pinus </i>may be more shade intolerant than Podocarpaceae with <i>P. krempfii </i>falling between the two groups. However, in contrast, Vietnamese conifers' leaf mass per areas and biochemical traits did not highlight the same intermediate nature of <i>P. krempfii</i>. Furthermore, regardless of leaf shape or family assignation, all species demonstrated a common carbon gain efficiency. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of shade tolerance for conifer survival in tropical forests. However, they also demonstrate a diversity of shade tolerance strategies, all of which lead to the persistence of Vietnamese juvenile conifers in low-light tropical understories.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.