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FIG. 12 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 12. Oscillograms (first and second columns), spectrograms (third column), and power spectra (fourth column) of advertisement calls from (A) P. collinsorum (recorded at 10.28C) and (B) P. brachyphona (recorded at 12.68C). The second columns represent a single call extracted from those in the first column. In the case of P. collinsorum (A), two males were recorded while duetting and are identified with numbers.

FIG. 11 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 11. Live specimens of P. collinsorum (left, photo by EML) from Lawrence County, Alabama and P. brachyphona (right, photo by Suzanne Collins) from Harrison County, West Virginia. Specimens of P. collinsorum often lack a distinct dorsal coloration pattern. For a color version of this figure, please refer to the online version of this article.

FIG. 7 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 7. Response curves of variables with highest contribution (.10%) to the Northern (black line, dark gray shadow) and Southern (gray line, light gray shadow) clade SDMs. The solid lines represent average probability of occurrence based on ten model replicates, while shadowed areas equal to 6 standard deviation. The dotted line indicates a 50% occurrence probability, with environmental values above this threshold indicating suitable habitat. Each clade shows a peak of habitat suitability (.50% occurrence probability) at different values of each variable, suggesting ecological divergence.

FIG. 10 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 10. Dorsal and lateral views of type specimens of P. collinsorum (A– D) and P. brachyphona (E–H). (A–B) Male P. collinsorum from Hale County, Alabama (UF 190162). (C–D) Male P. collinsorum from Hale County, Alabama (UF 190167). (E–F) Female P. brachyphona from Preston County, West Virginia (NCSM 100109). (G–H) Male P. brachyphona from Preston County, West Virginia (NCSM 100110). Black bars equal to 1 cm. For a color version of this figure, please refer to the online version of this article.

FIG. 9 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 9. Differences in pulse rate (PR), number (PN), and dominant frequency peak (DFP) in acoustic signals recorded in P. brachyphona from Tennessee (TN) and Alabama (AL). Locality-specific distributions of PR, PN, and DFP (A–C). The thick bar in these boxplots represents mean value. Lower and upper edges of each box are 25th and 75th quantile, respectively, and lower and upper whiskers represent the minimum and maximum limits of the interquartile range. Outliers are represented as hollow points. Randomization tests (1,000 reps) were performed for each of these variables (D–E), yielding significant differences for PR and DFP between Tennessee and Alabama, but not for PN.

FIG. 5 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 5. Principal component analysis plot based on residuals from regressions of each morphometric variable against snout–vent length. Abbreviations for the labels on the PC loadings (arrows) are the same as in the text (see Materials and Methods). Convex hulls are shown for each clade.

FIG. 3 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 3. Genetic clustering based on 21,702 SNPs from AHE loci for P. brachyphona. (A) The Structure plot shows two genetic clusters: Northern (n ¼ 17, green) and Southern (n ¼ 16, blue) as observed in the map (B). The pie charts correspond to the proportion of admixture as estimated in Structure. A blue arrow marks the samples from Hale County, Alabama. Two individuals assigned to the Northern cluster showed introgression from P. feriarum (''out,'' gray). (C) The discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) required one discriminant function to explain 67.4% of the genetic variance. Lines at the bottom of the distributions represent one individual. The DAPC also shows two clusters in agreement with the Northern and Southern clusters from Structure. The location of the Tennessee River is shown.

FIG. 4 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 4. Matrix correlation between pairwise genetic (Nei's) and geographic distances among individuals of P. brachyphona, after exclusion of hybrid individuals. (A) Mantel correlation test for all P. brachyphona showed significant correlation (r). The two clusters of points represent comparisons within and between genetic clusters (Northern and Southern). (B) Significant correlations were also observed for each cluster separately (Northern ¼ black, Southern ¼ gray).

FIG. 2. Species tree for P in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 2. Species tree for P. brachyphona as estimated in ASTRAL. Numbers on the branches are local posterior probabilities/boostrap support values from RAxML (A). The identifiers are field numbers, followed by the ''I'' number (DNA sample identifier, see Table 1). State abbreviation and county where the sample was collected are also shown. The tree shows two well-supported clades, corresponding to P. brachyphona from the Northern and Southern distribution ranges, respectively. Pseudacris brimleyi and P. feriarum were included as outgroups. Branch lengths (B) are shown in the inset tree generated with RAxML.

FIG. 1 in Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States

FIG. 1. Samples of the Mountain Chorus Frog collected for this study and used in genetic analyses. Frogs were collected at several locations (solid dots) throughout the Appalachian Mountains in Eastern U.S. As outgroups, specimens of P. brimleyi and P. feriarum (solid and hollow triangles, respectively) were collect- ed.

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Fig. 4. Representative beetle species from Bosque Protector Jerusalem. A in Diversity of Beetles (Coleoptera) in an Inter-Andean Dry Tropical Forest in Ecuador

Fig. 4. Representative beetle species from Bosque Protector Jerusalem. A) Psomus sp. (Curculionidae), new genus country record, B) Bostrichidae, C) Urgleptes sp. (Cerambycidae), D) Sericoderus sp. (Corylophidae), E–F) Kateretidae; G) Ablechrus sp. 1 (Melyridae), H) Ptinidae. Scale bars: 1 mm. Photo credits: GNDM.

Figure 4 in COI barcoding provides reliable species identification and pinpoints cryptic diversity in Western Palearctic amphibians

Figure 4. Representation of the barcoding gap for the Anura (upper panel) and Caudata (bottom panel) datasets. Each individual in the dataset is represented by a vertical line in: blue, when a barcoding gap exists (the bottom of the line representing the maximum intraspecific distance, and the top of the line representing the minimum interspecific distance);

Figure 3 in COI barcoding provides reliable species identification and pinpoints cryptic diversity in Western Palearctic amphibians

Figure 3. Gene tree constructed using the DNA barcode fragment of the COI mitochondrial gene tree for Western Palearctic urodeles, estimated under a Bayesian framework. Nodes are collapsed at the genus level and colours correspond to genera; images are a representative species for each genus. Black dots on nodes indicate posterior probabilities> 0.90.

Figure 5 in COI barcoding provides reliable species identification and pinpoints cryptic diversity in Western Palearctic amphibians

Figure 5. Results from barcoding efficiency methods (BOLDi and Meier's BCM) to determine the consistency of DNA barcodes with currently accepted taxonomy for Anura (top) and Caudata (bottom) datasets.

Figure 2 in COI barcoding provides reliable species identification and pinpoints cryptic diversity in Western Palearctic amphibians

Figure 2. Gene tree constructed using the DNA barcode fragment of the COI mitochondrial gene tree for Western Palearctic anurans, estimated under a Bayesian framework. Nodes are collapsed at the genus level and colours correspond to genera; Downloaded from Brill.com 08/07/2024 04:59:37PM images are for one representative species for via eachOpen genus. Access Black. dots Thisonis an nodesopen indicateaccessposterior articleprobabilities distributed> 0.90 under. the terms

Figure 1 in COI barcoding provides reliable species identification and pinpoints cryptic diversity in Western Palearctic amphibians

Figure 1. The distribution of samples for Anura and Caudata datasets included in this study with the limits of the Western Palearctic region and georeferenced samples indicated.

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Figure 4 in Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas

Figure 4. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of genus Soriculus based on the concatenated sequences of 13 mitochondrial PCGs, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA genes. Node numbers indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP).

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Figure 2 in Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas

Figure 2. Results of the principal components (A) and discriminant function analysis (B) analysis of Soriculus based on the 18 log10- transformed craniomandibular variables.

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Fig. 9 in Hidden species diversity of Corrosella Boeters, 1970 (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) in the Moroccan Atlas reveals the ancient biogeographic link between North Africa and Iberia

Fig. 9 Anatomy of C. nechadae sp. nov., Regrag Spring, 44 km S-E of Fes city (type locality). a Ctenidium, b stomach, c partial nervous system; d–e female genitalia: d pallial oviduct, e bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle; f–g male genitalia: f head with penis, g prostate gland