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7,849 results for “Conservancy”
Myoglobin as a conservation-relevant predictor of short-distance flight capacity in Neotropical forest birds
<p>Some forest-dwelling tropical bird species are unable or unwilling to fly even a few hundred meters across habitat discontinuities, restricting connectivity of isolated populations in fragmented landscapes. Experimental evidence for flight limitation has reliably predicted occurrence across archipelagoes of habitat fragments varying in their distance from potential source populations. Mechanistic explanations for large differences in flight capacity of tropical birds, even over remarkably short distances, have not been tested. We evaluated myoglobin concentration in pectoralis muscles and hearts of eight Neotropical species for which experimental evidence revealing a wide range of flight abilities exists. We found a strong positive relationship between myoglobin concentration in the pectoralis muscles, but not hearts, and average over-water flight distance during dispersal-challenge experiments. The approximately 2.5-fold difference in pectoralis myoglobin concentration is directly associated with flight capacity and allows predictions of species or species groups most likely to be impeded by habitat discontinuities and therefore at conservation risk in fragmented landscapes.</p>
Subspecies and Distribution. B. b. bison Linnaeus, 1758 — scattered in free-ranging conservation herds in W & C Canada (British Columbia & Saskatchewan), W USA (Alaska, Montana, Utah & Wyoming), and extreme N Mexico (Chihuahua). B. b. athabascae Rhoads, 1898 — scattered in free-ranging conservation herds in W & C Canada. in Bovidae
Subspecies and Distribution. B. b. bison Linnaeus, 1758 — scattered in free-ranging conservation herds in W & C Canada (British Columbia & Saskatchewan), W USA (Alaska, Montana, Utah & Wyoming), and extreme N Mexico (Chihuahua). B. b. athabascae Rhoads, 1898 — scattered in free-ranging conservation herds in W & C Canada.
Subspecies and Distribution. C.s.simumBurchell,1817—SEAngola,NENamibia,Botswana,Zimbabwe,SMozambique,Swaziland,SouthAfrica,andperhapsformerlyinextremeSWZambia. C. s. cottoni Lydekker, 1908 — historically present in S Chad, Central African Republic, S Sudan, NE DR Congo, and Uganda; last individuals occurred in DR Congo, but possibly extinct in the wild. The "Southern White Rhino," race simum, has been introduced into Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia. Especially vague range map for conservation reasons. in Rhinocerotidae
Subspecies and Distribution. C.s.simumBurchell,1817—SEAngola,NENamibia,Botswana,Zimbabwe,SMozambique,Swaziland,SouthAfrica,andperhapsformerlyinextremeSWZambia. C. s. cottoni Lydekker, 1908 — historically present in S Chad, Central African Republic, S Sudan, NE DR Congo, and Uganda; last individuals occurred in DR Congo, but possibly extinct in the wild. The "Southern White Rhino," race simum, has been introduced into Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia. Especially vague range map for conservation reasons.
Subspecies and Distribution. D.b.bicornisLinnaeus,1758—Namibia,W&SESouthAfrica. D.b.longipesZukowsky,1949—historicallyinNigeria,Cameroon,Chad,Sudan,andCentralAfricanRepublic(couldbeextinct). D. b. michaeli Zukowsky, 1965 — Kenya, Rwanda (could be extinct by now), and N Tanzania; historically also in Sudan, Ethiopia, and Uganda. D. b. minor Drummond, 1876 — C Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Botswana, and Mozambique (possibly extinct), to N and CE South Africa. Especially vague range map for conservation reasons. in Rhinocerotidae
Subspecies and Distribution. D.b.bicornisLinnaeus,1758—Namibia,W&SESouthAfrica. D.b.longipesZukowsky,1949—historicallyinNigeria,Cameroon,Chad,Sudan,andCentralAfricanRepublic(couldbeextinct). D. b. michaeli Zukowsky, 1965 — Kenya, Rwanda (could be extinct by now), and N Tanzania; historically also in Sudan, Ethiopia, and Uganda. D. b. minor Drummond, 1876 — C Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Botswana, and Mozambique (possibly extinct), to N and CE South Africa. Especially vague range map for conservation reasons.
FIGURE 1 in The genus Brycon Müller & Troschel (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Bryconidae) of Espírito Santo State, Brazil: new records and comments on conservation
FIGURE 1. Map of Espírito Santo State with records of Brycon species: Brycon dulcis (blue dots), Brycon ferox (white dots), Brycon opalinus (red dots) and Brycon insignis (black dots) with the hydrographic basins where they occur highlighted.
Data from: The fifth review of Birds of Conservation Concern in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man and second IUCN Red List assessment of extinction risk of birds for Great Britain
<p>The fifth review of <i>Birds of Conservation Concern</i> (<i>BoCC5</i>) in the UK, Channel Islands and Isle of Man assessed and assigned 245 species to updated Red, Amber and Green lists of conservation concern and showed a continuing decline in the status of our bird populations. In total, 70 species (29% of those assessed) are now on the Red list, up from 36 species in the first review in 1996. Since the last review, in 2015, Golden Oriole <i>Oriolus oriolus</i> has been lost as a breeding species. Eleven species have been moved to the Red list, while only six species moved from Red to Amber. Newly Red-listed species include Common Swift <i>Apus apus</i>, Common House Martin <i>Delichon urbicum</i>, Greenfinch <i>Chloris chloris</i> and the globally threatened Leach's Storm-petrel <i>Hydrobates leucorhous</i>. There has been no improvement in the overall status of species associated with farmland and upland, or Afro-Palearctic migrants; indeed, more such species have been Red-listed. Concerns over the status of our wintering wildfowl and wader populations have also increased. As a direct result of targeted conservation action, White-tailed Eagle <i>Haliaeetus albicilla</i> moves from Red to Amber.</p> <p>We also present a review of the separate, and distinct, second IUCN Regional Red List assessment of extinction risk for Great Britain, which show that 46% of 235 regularly occurring species, and 43% of 285 separate breeding and non-breeding populations, are assessed as being threatened with extinction from Great Britain.</p>
FIGURE. Variable positions in the ITS2 secondary structure of some Coelastrella sensu lato species. The ITS2 model of Coelastrella striolata strain CAUP H 3602 (JX513881) was used to map sequence differences. Variable positions of analyzed strains (GenBank numbers can be found in Table 3, 4 are given next to the main structure and are marked in bold. Hemi- Compensatory Base Changes in conservative regions are circled and Compensatory Base Change is contoured. Sequences of strains with GenBank numbers JX513879 (C. aeroterrestrica), JX513882 (C. terrestris), JX513884 (C. rubescens), MH176120 (C. rubescens var. oocystiformis), JX513880 (C. multistriata), JX513887 (C. oocystiformis) were used as representatives of Coelastrella species. The strains analyzed in this study are underlined. in Morphological and phylogenetic relations of members of the genus Coelastrella (Scenedesmaceae, Chlorophyta) from the Ural and Khentii Mountains (Russia, Mongolia)
FIGURE. Variable positions in the ITS2 secondary structure of some Coelastrella sensu lato species. The ITS2 model of Coelastrella striolata strain CAUP H 3602 (JX513881) was used to map sequence differences. Variable positions of analyzed strains (GenBank numbers can be found in Table 3, 4 are given next to the main structure and are marked in bold. Hemi- Compensatory Base Changes in conservative regions are circled and Compensatory Base Change is contoured. Sequences of strains with GenBank numbers JX513879 (C. aeroterrestrica), JX513882 (C. terrestris), JX513884 (C. rubescens), MH176120 (C. rubescens var. oocystiformis), JX513880 (C. multistriata), JX513887 (C. oocystiformis) were used as representatives of Coelastrella species. The strains analyzed in this study are underlined.
Dataset for: Conservation genomics of federally endangered Texella harvester species (Arachnida, Opiliones, Phalangodidae) from cave and karst habitats of central Texas
<p>Genomic-scale data for non-model taxa are providing new insights into landscape genomic structuring and species limits, leading to more informed conservation decisions, particularly in taxa with extremely restricted microhabitat preferences and small geographic distributions. This study applied sequence capture of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) to gather genomic-scale data for two federally endangered <i>Texella</i> harvester species distributed in Edwards Formation cave and karst habitats of central Texas, near Austin. We gathered UCE data for 51 <i>T. reyesi </i>specimens from 46 different caves, seven <i>T. reddelli</i> specimens from five caves, and from relevant outgroup species. For these UCE data we applied a combination of phylogenomic, multispecies coalescent phylogenetic, and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) machine-learning analyses. We found that samples of <i>T. reddelli</i> and <i>T. reyesi</i> together form a single clade in phylogenetic analyses, but that <i>T. reddelli </i>samples are not recovered as monophyletic. Instead, <i>T. reddelli </i>samples from three northern caves are embedded within a larger <i>T. reyesi</i> genetic clade. Significantly, the genetic structuring of all samples closely follows geologic barriers defined for the region and formalized as karst fauna regions (KFRs). One exception is the Jollyville Plateau KFR, which includes two divergent, non-sister genetic lineages. Levels of troglomorphy, here assessed by a simple scoring of corneal and retinal development, also closely follows clade (and geographic) boundaries, implying that divergent genetic lineages might also have distinct ecologies. Overall, our study has important taxonomic implications, is the first to explore (and validate) regional KFR boundaries using intraspecific genetic data, and provides essential data for future management decisions involving these federally endangered species.</p>
Using species distribution modeling to generate relative abundance information in unstable territories: conservation of Felidae in Mexico
<p>Raw data used in the abovementioned manuscript</p>
Fig. 3 in Towards Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species - Progress and prospects
Fig. 3. Proportions of listed and unlisted species in the different distribution patterns. Numbers of listed species derived from online working lists; estimates of species numbers in families without working lists estimated from Stevens (2006).
Appendix. The status of global taxonomic checklist preparation for flowering plant families (based on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II but modified to reflect circumscriptions of existing checklists). If a checklist is complete and available on the Internet then the URL is also given. The species numbers (sp. no.) given are either based on actual working lists (WL) where they exist or are based on Stevens (2006) if no WL is available. Five categories are used to describe the status of a particular working list: 1, checklist complete and accessible via the Internet now; 2, checklist available on Internet by end of 2007 (Asteraceae 2010); 3, checklist complete but not online; 4, some online lists giving partial coverage may be available; 5, no global checklist being compiled so far as known. in Towards Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species - Progress and prospects
Appendix. The status of global taxonomic checklist preparation for flowering plant families (based on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II but modified to reflect circumscriptions of existing checklists). If a checklist is complete and available on the Internet then the URL is also given. The species numbers (sp. no.) given are either based on actual working lists (WL) where they exist or are based on Stevens (2006) if no WL is available. Five categories are used to describe the status of a particular working list: 1, checklist complete and accessible via the Internet now; 2, checklist available on Internet by end of 2007 (Asteraceae 2010); 3, checklist complete but not online; 4, some online lists giving partial coverage may be available; 5, no global checklist being compiled so far as known.
Fig. 1 in Towards Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: A working list of all known plant species - Progress and prospects
Fig. 1. Graph of line of number of accepted species plotted against number of species names. Line of best fit: y = 0.395x–88.53; R2 = 0.97.
FIGURE 4 in Revisiting the circumscription of Chusquea anelythra (Poaceae-Bambusoideae- Bambuseae): lectotypification, redescription, geographic distribution, and conservation status
FIGURE 4. Geographic distribution of Chusquea anelythra in Brazil. Brazilian states: BA (Bahia), ES (Espírito Santo), MG (Minas Gerais), RJ (Rio de Janeiro).
FIGURE 3. Chusquea anelythra. A in Revisiting the circumscription of Chusquea anelythra (Poaceae-Bambusoideae- Bambuseae): lectotypification, redescription, geographic distribution, and conservation status
FIGURE 3. Chusquea anelythra. A. Habitat in Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, state of Minas Gerais. B. Scandent habit. C. Flowering branches. D. Detail of the synflorescence, showing the spikelets. E. White waxy band below the node. F. Culm leaf. G‒H. Nodal region. G. Bud complement. H. Central and subsidiary branches. I‒K. Foliage leaves. I‒J. Branches, showing blades and sheath indument in detail. K. Detail of the pseudopetiole, outer ligule, sheath summit extension indument, and a tuft of trichomes at the base of blade. L. Infravaginal branching. (Photos: A‒F by E.M. Pianissola; G‒H and K‒L by L.G. Clark; and I‒J by A.P. Silva)
FIGURE 1 in Revisiting the circumscription of Chusquea anelythra (Poaceae-Bambusoideae- Bambuseae): lectotypification, redescription, geographic distribution, and conservation status
FIGURE 1. Photograph of the lectotype of Chusquea anelythra (Sellow s.n., K - H.965.88-7). Photo by I.L.C. Oliveira.
FIGURE 2 in Revisiting the circumscription of Chusquea anelythra (Poaceae-Bambusoideae- Bambuseae): lectotypification, redescription, geographic distribution, and conservation status
FIGURE 2. Chusquea anelythra (A, C–F) and C. aff. anelythra (B) morphological characters. A. Subsidiary branch bearing a mature synflorescence with subtending bracts and a foliage leaf complement. B. Bud complement with two rows of subsidiary branches (cropped) just developing. C. Culm leaf showing the girdle, infravaginal branching, and the fused base of the sheath. D. Ligular region of a foliage leaf. E. Immature synflorescence. F. Spikelet. [A and F based on Sellow s.n. US 1021552; B based on Clark et al. 673; C–D based on Sarahyba et al. 1057; and E based on Glaziou 17453; the acronym GH refers to Graham Hagan (illustrator)].
Identifying hotspots and priority areas for xenarthran research and conservation
<p><span><b>Aim: </b>Limited funds for conservation and research require the development of prioritization schemes. Traditionally, biodiversity metrics were used to delineate priority areas; however, a growing realization emphasizes that logistic factors should be also considered. Here, we combine species richness, past collection efforts, degree of habitat loss and accessibility to define priority areas and spatially orient fieldwork in a cost-effective manner for xenarthrans, one of the four main mammalian radiation.</span></p> <p><span><b>Location: </b>Neotropics.</span></p> <p><span><b>Methods: </b>We assessed spatial patterns of species richness in Xenarthra and identify diversity hotspots based on species distribution models. Spatial patterns and biases in the Xenarthra past collection efforts were analyzed using a comprehensive database including 33,464 individual records. Finally, we produced priority area indices relating species richness and collection efforts with levels of habitat loss and accessibility (roads and rivers network) to highlight important but neglected areas. </span></p> <p><span><b>Results:</b> Collection efforts were concentrated to a small portion of the Neotropics (central-southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia and north-western Argentina) and were biased toward access routes. Major xenarthran diversity hotspots include the Amazonian lowlands of Bolivia and the dry Chaco of Paraguay and Argentina. Priority areas for research varied depending on the metric analyzed. Amazon holds a high diversity that remains poorly explored. Central Argentina and northeastern Brazil are priority areas for research and conservation given the low sampling efforts, high diversity and endemic species, high levels of habitat loss and a dense road network.</span></p> <p><span><b>Main conclusions: </b>Most areas of the Neotropics lack a proper assessment of the xenarthran assemblage, reflecting extensive knowledge shortfalls. Overall, sites close to roads tend to be better sampled, but many areas with a dense road network are under-sampled, being good candidates for low-cost studies. There is an alarming spatial overlap between Xenarthra diversity hotspots and areas facing intense human modification. Some of the priority areas for research should also be viewed as priority areas for conservation.</span></p>
FIG. 3 in Current status of the Crocodile Lizard Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930 in Vietnam with implications for conservation measures
FIG. 3 Population structure of Shinisaurus crocodilurus in Vietnam. (A) Frequency histogram of snoutvent length of all encountered animals; (B) Frequency of individuals with original or regenerated tails for each nature reserve, p <0.05.
FIG. 6 in Current status of the Crocodile Lizard Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930 in Vietnam with implications for conservation measures
FIG. 6 Main threats to S. crocodilurus in Vietnam. (A) Coal-mining exploration close to the species' habitat; (B) Opening of the forest with roads to facilitate coal-mining throughout the nature reserves; (C) Preserved S. crocodilurus in alcohol, used for traditional medicine in Quang Ninh Province. Photos: M. Bernardes & M. van Schingen.
FIG. 2 in Current status of the Crocodile Lizard Shinisaurus crocodilurus Ahl, 1930 in Vietnam with implications for conservation measures
FIG. 2 Map of the current distribution of Shinisaurus crocodilurus. Red dots represent occurrence records.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.