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4,669 results for “Environment;”
Linkages among stem xylem transport, biomechanics and storage in lianas and trees across three contrasting environments
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Cybercrime and Online Safety: Addressing the Challenges and Solutions Related to Cybercrime, Online Fraud, and Ensuring a Safe Digital Environment for All Users— A Case of African States
<h3><strong>Abstract</strong></h3><p>The internet has made the world more linked than ever before. While taking advantage of this online transition, cybercriminals target flaws in online systems, networks, and infrastructure. Businesses, government organizations, people, and communities all across the world, particularly in African countries, are all severely impacted on an economic and social level. Many African countries focused more on developing secure electricity and internet networks; yet, cybersecurity usually receives less attention than it should. One of Africa's major issues is the lack of adequate digital security infrastructure, which has harmed businesses, governmental institutions, and individual communities more than it has helped. The majority of African countries operate without cybersecurity measures in place to combat cyberattacks. Only a few examples of today's cyber risks include digital extortion, business email intrusion, data breaches, online fraud, ransomware, and phishing, and new types of cybercrime are always developing. Due to the advent of new technology, cybercriminals have become more organized and quicker in their attacks and alliance creation. To maintain a secure digital environment for all internet users, this study focused on the challenges, solutions, and need for African countries to improve their online safety by tackling cybercrime, online fraud, and cybersecurity concerns. The objective of this study is to offer practical and long-term answers to the problems posed by cybercrime, with a continuing emphasis on enhancing online safety. It will assess the effectiveness of cutting-edge cybersecurity measures, legislative frameworks, and cross-border cooperative efforts, as well as potential areas for improvement. Additionally, the study will examine cutting-edge methods like blockchain technology, machine learning, and other cutting-edge methods that could improve our using digital defences to stop cybercrime.</p>
PEDAGOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVE ABILITIES OF STUDENTS IN AN ELECTRONIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT.
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IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING THE BASICS OF PROGRAMMING IN A VISUALIZED ENVIRONMENT
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Supplementary Material. DOLFINx: The next generation FEniCS problem solving environment.
<p>Supplementary material for the paper "DOLFINx: The next generation FEniCS problem solving environment".</p> <p>The snippets from the paper are licensed under the MIT License.</p> <p>The FEniCSx component source code is licensed according to the licenses included in the .tar.gz file.</p> <p>The Docker image contains compiled software, including the FEniCSx components, under a number of different open source licenses.</p>
Safe use of AI Tools in a university environment
<p>The flow chart presents a simplified decision-making process as to whether the user should, or should not, use an AI tool, taking into account desired results, types of data, and GDPR compliance, among other relevant variables.</p>
Learning to Grasp Unknown Objects in Domestic Environments with GP-net+
<p>This record includes data for the paper "Learning to Grasp Unknown Objects in Domestic Environments", currently under review.<br><br><strong>Simulation environment with pre-trained GP-net+ model</strong><br><br>The paper presents a simulation environment for grasping objects in domestic environments. The presented objects and furniture units, as well as a pre-trained GP-net+ model can be found in the "gpnetplus_simulation_data.zip" file. After this zip file is downloaded, it can be unpacked it into the <a href="https://github.com/AuCoRoboticsMU/GP-netplus" target="_blank" rel="noopener">GP-net+ directory</a>. It includes all necessary data to use the simulation environment, for example, for testing GP-net+ or other grasping models in simulated domestic environments.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>ROS model</strong></p> <p>The paper additionally presents an <a href="https://github.com/AuCoRoboticsMU/GP-netplus-ros" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ROS package</a> that can be deployed for grasping unknown objects in domestic environments with simulated or real robots. We make a ROS-compatbile model of GP-net+ available in the "ros_gpnet_plus.zip" file, which can be used with the ROS package.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Training dataset</strong></p> <p>We used the simulation environment in our paper to generate a training dataset and train GP-net+. This training dataset is included in this record and can be used to replicate our results or train modifications of GP-net+.</p> <p>To improve handling of the training dataset (total size 25GB+), we split the dataset into several .zip files, named val.zip (validation data) and train_[0-6].zip (training data). Download all files individually and extract them into a single folder. Combine all files train_[0-6].zip directory into a single directory called 'train', for example, by using the 'move_train_data.sh' script provided.<br><br>The final structure for the dataset should look similar to this:<br><br>gpnet_data</p> <p>|-- val</p> <p> |-- depth_image_0000000.npz</p> <p> |-- depth_image_0000001.npz</p> <p> ...</p> <p> |--segmask_image_0052346.npz</p> <p>|-- train</p> <p> |-- depth_image_0000000.npz</p> <p> |-- depth_image_0000001.npz</p> <p> ...</p> <p> |-- segmask_image_0602506.npz</p> <p> |-- segmask_image_0602507.npz</p> <p><br><br><br>For generation of the training and simulation data, the following mesh databases have been used:<br><br>B. Calli, A. Walsman, A. Singh, S. Srinivasa, P. Abbeel, and A. M. Dollar,"Benchmarking in Manipulation Research: Using the Yale-CMU-Berkeley Object and Model Set," IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 36–52, 2015<br><br>A. Singh, J. Sha, K. S. Narayan, T. Achim, and P. Abbeel, "BigBIRD: A large-scale 3D database of object instances," 2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), pp. 509–516, 2014.<br><br>A. X. Chang, T. Funkhouser, L. Guibas, P. Hanrahan, Q. Huang, Z. Li, S. Savarese, M. Savva, S. Song, H. Su, J. Xiao, L. Yi, and F. Yu, "ShapeNet: An Information-Rich 3D Model Repository," Tech. Rep. arXiv:1512.03012 [cs.GR], Stanford University — Princeton University — Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, 2015.</p> <p>D. Morrison, P. Corke, and J. Leitner, "EGAD! An Evolved Grasping Analysis Dataset for Diversity and Reproducibility in Robotic Manipulation," IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 4368–4375, 2020</p>
Current Challenges In School Administration: Developing Strategies For A Resilient Learning Environment
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Fig. 3 in The hydroperoxyl radical scavenging activity of natural hydroxybenzoic acids in oil and aqueous environments: Insights into the mechanism and kinetics
Fig. 3. The selected mechanisms of the HOO• + HBA reactions in water.
Fig. 1 in The hydroperoxyl radical scavenging activity of natural hydroxybenzoic acids in oil and aqueous environments: Insights into the mechanism and kinetics
Fig. 1. Structures of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (HBA).
Data for "• Can we achieve atmospheric chemical environments in the laboratory? An integrated model-measurement approach to chamber SOA studies"
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Identifying Key Targets and Immune Environment in Wound Healing Based on Iron Overload-Related Genes
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Plant-environment feedback processes in drylands
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HEALTH AND SAFETY OF PEOPLE: ENSURING WELL-BEING IN VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTS
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CCHF-Environment Study
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Dataset for deep soil environment shapes alpine ecosystem productivity
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The influence of an enriched environment in enhancing recognition memory in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
<p>Environmental enrichment is used to increase social and physical stimulation for animals in captivity which can lead to enhanced cognition. Fundamental to the positive effect enrichment has on the brain is that it provides opportunities for captive animals to recognize and discriminate between different stimuli in the environment. In the wild, being able to discriminate between novel or familiar stimuli has implications for survival, for example finding food, hiding from predators, or even choosing a mate. The novel object recognition (NOR) test is a cognitive task that is used extensively in the rodent literature to assess object recognition and memory, where the amount of time an animal spends exploring a novel vs. familiar object is quantified. Enrichment has been shown to enhance object recognition in rodents. More recently, the use of the NOR test has been applied to another animal model, zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>), however, the effects of enrichment have not yet been explored. In the current study we looked at the effects of enrichment on object recognition in zebrafish using the NOR test. Adult zebrafish were housed in either enriched conditions (gravel substrate, plastic plants, shelter, heater and a filter) or plain conditions (heater and filter only) for 6months before behavioral NOR tests were conducted. Enriched fish showed a preference for a novel object over a familiar one at a distance but did not show a preference during close inspection. Control fish did not show a preference at either distance. Our results suggest that enrichment can enhance zebrafish ability to discriminate between novel and familiar objects, but distance from the object may be an important factor. Future research is needed to determine whether any enhancements in object recognition are a result of an increase in sensory stimulation from being reared with enrichment, or whether it is due to a reduction in stress reactivity. </p>
Carcasses attract invasive species and increase artificial nest predation in a desert environment
<p><span><span>In addition to feeding on animal remains, many scavengers also function as predators. Carcasses may therefore affect local animal communities by attracting facultative scavengers and increasing predation risk for other species in the vicinity of the carcasses. This risk may be elevated in low productivity environments, especially where humans increase carcass production and where facultative scavengers include </span>invasive species. In June and October 2018, we monitored experimentally placed red kangaroo (</span><em>Osphranter rufus</em>) carcasses and artificial bird nests in two different habitats in the Simpson Desert, Australia, to identify the nest predators attracted to the carcasses, and to determine how carcasses affect overall and predator-specific nest predation. We modelled our nests to approximate those of the ground nesting little buttonquail (<em>Turnix velox</em>) and the endangered night parrot (<em>Pezoporus occidentalis</em>). Native <em>Corvus</em> spp. and then invasive red foxes (<span><em>Vulpes vulpes</em></span>) were the top carcass visitors and nest egg predators. Carcass presence and open habitat increased overall nest predation and fewer artificial parrot nest eggs were depredated compared to those of quail. Open habitat and carcass presence only increased predator-specific nest predation by foxes, but corvid nest predation was highest in June 2018, and for the artificial quail nest types. Foxes were the main predator of eggs from night parrot nests. Our study shows that carcass provisioning by humans may have indirect, deleterious effects on ground nesting birds, and indicates that foxes might pose a greater threat to night parrot populations than previously recognised.</p>
Challenges in Radiation Protection for the Environment and Non-Human Biota
<p>ICRP publication 108 introduced the concept of Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs) for environmental radiation protection. This was in analogy to the use of a Reference Person in radiation protection for human individuals and makes use of endpoints such as mortality and reproductive success of these reference organisms to evaluate the potential negative effects of radiation on an ecosystem. However, it is widely recognized that an ecosystem cannot be completely described as a simple collection of organisms, and complex properties emerge from the interaction of its individuals. Therefore, the individual organism approach based on the human model might not be enough for radiation protection of ecosystems. A more holistic approach might be warranted, with more appropriate endpoints such as diversity and changes in ecosystem balance.</p> <p>Bacteria and other unicellular organisms were not included among the reference organisms due to their high resistance to radiation. However, recent studies have shown that low radiation doses can have a wide range of effects on bacteria, from inducing stress to enhancing growth and changing composition of bacterial communities, and potentially inducing resistance to antibiotics. This suggests that smaller organisms should not be ignored when considering environmental radiation protection, and on the contrary, could even serve as a tool to monitor ecosystem health and response to radiation.</p> <p>Moreover, the 12 Reference Animals and Plants chosen came mainly from temperate climates in northern regions and might not be representative for other types of ecosystems. Information on more reference organisms might be necessary for other types of ecosystems but not readily available for quick reference. The environmental radiation protection community could benefit from a collaborative database with curated information on different organisms, as is already done in several fields in biology and life sciences. A document could then be developed with guidance on how to decide local dose criteria based on key radiobiological data of representative organisms in a local ecosystem. An open database that aggregates relevant data would additionally facilitate application of machine learning techniques to the highly complex problem of evaluating the potential impact of radiation in an ecosystem.</p>
Composite Gini Coefficient for Nature-based Solutions (Hydrology, Environment, Society)
<p>Composite Gini Coefficient for Nature-based Solutions (Hydrology, Environment, Society)</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.