Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
4,669
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
4,669 results for “Environment;”
Supplementary material 1 from: Palchetti MV, Cantero JJ, Morales-Fierro V, Barboza GE, Moreira-Muñoz A (2021) Living in extreme environments: distribution of Lycium humile (Solanaceae), an endemic halophyte from the Altiplano-Puna region, South America. PhytoKeys 185: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377
Occurences of Lycium humile in South America
Figure 4 from: Palchetti MV, Cantero JJ, Morales-Fierro V, Barboza GE, Moreira-Muñoz A (2021) Living in extreme environments: distribution of Lycium humile (Solanaceae), an endemic halophyte from the Altiplano-Puna region, South America. PhytoKeys 185: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377
Figure 4 Saline environments of the Altiplano-Puna region (South America) in which Lycium humile grows A Salar del Hombre Muerto (Catamarca, Argentina) B Los Colorados (Salta, Argentina) C Salar de Uyuni (Potosí, Bolivia).
Figure 2 from: Palchetti MV, Cantero JJ, Morales-Fierro V, Barboza GE, Moreira-Muñoz A (2021) Living in extreme environments: distribution of Lycium humile (Solanaceae), an endemic halophyte from the Altiplano-Puna region, South America. PhytoKeys 185: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.71377
Figure 2 Lectotype of Lycium humile Phil. (SGO 055683). Digital image by courtesy of the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural.
Importance of melanin-based colouration and environment in shaping intracellular glutathione levels in nestling and adult tawny owls (Strix aluco)
<p>Resources allocated in reproduction are traded off against those invested in self-maintenance such as antioxidant response. Glutathione (GSH) is an intracellular antioxidant defence that scavenges reactive oxygen species, the deleterious byproducts of oxygen consumption. Given the role of intracellular GSH in pheomelanogenesis, a trade-off in GSH allocation between resistance to oxidative stress and melanin production may take place. To investigate how intracellular GSH is regulated in differently coloured individuals at the time of reproduction (in adults) and of intense melanogenesis (in nestlings), we measured the total pool of GSH produced ( t GSH), consumed (oxGSH) and available (redGSH) in adult tawny owls and their offspring which were cross-fostered between randomly chosen nests. Our goal was to describe potential correlations between resistance in oxidative stress and colour morphs in natural conditions. Nestling GSH levels were correlated with GSH levels in their genetic and foster parents suggesting that producing GSH is genetically and environmentally determined (although the effect of the foster nest seemed stronger). This species shows continuous variation in phe - omelanin reddish colouration, which is associated with life-history strategies. Based on the hypothesis of GSH dependence of pheomelanism, we expected a greater amount of oxGSH in dark compared to light pheomelanic nestlings, which was not the case. In contrast, light melanic breeding adults had higher levels of t GSH and redGSH than dark breeders probably because of a higher investment in antioxidant capacity. The link between pheomelanism and GSH may therefore be due to the fact that differently colored individuals have different life-history strategies rather than because the production of pheomelanin pigments requires GSH.</p>
Representation of P cycle in Joint UK Land Environment Simulator - Outputs
<p>Representation of P cycle in Joint UK Land Environment Simulator - Model outputs </p>
High-Pressure XAFS Measurements of the Coordination Environments of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in Basaltic Glasses (Table S1 & S2)
<p>Supplementary Information Table S1 & S2</p>
Dataset Package for the paper "Single and Multi-objective Test Cases Prioritization for Self-driving Cars in Virtual Environments"
<p><br> #Dataset Package for the paper "Automated Test Cases Prioritization for Self-driving Cars in Virtual Environments"</p> <p><br> Description of the content:</p> <p><br> 1) "1_datasets" folder contains all the datasets concerning the test scenarios considered in the study. <br> <br> - AsFault supports two SDC software as test subjects while generating test cases, which we use to generate our test suites.<br> - BeamNG.AI. <br> - DeepDriving<br> - STRUCTURE: We report test subjects considered and organized with sub-folders for each of the supported two SDC software (i.e., Driving AIs):<br> - fullroad<br> - BeamNG_AI<br> - Driver_AI<br> 2) "2_SDC-source-code" contains all code and scripts composing the MATLAB/R prototypical implementation of SDC-pririotizer: </p> <p> - STRUCTURE:<br> - runSearch.m<br> - runGreedy.m<br> - plotResults.m<br> - permutationMutation.m<br> - mainGreedy.m<br> - permutationCrossover.m<br> - main.m<br> - initialPopulation.m<br> - fitness.m<br> - featureSelection.m<br> - faultDetectionRatePlots.m<br> - faultDetection.m<br> - (folder) r-script<br> - (folder) python<br> <br> 3) "3_study-data" folder contains all the main experimental data concerning the study conducted, RQs and all generated figures and main row-data reported in section results<br> <br> - results.csv<br> - greedy_results.csv<br> - (folder) tables<br> - (folder) figures<br> - (folder) DriverAI<br> - (folder) BeamNG_RF_1_5<br> - (folder) BeamNG_RF_1 </p>
FIGURE 6 in Last interglacial environment of the Baikal Region (Southern Siberia, Russia) based on analysis of fossil invertebrates and plants
FIGURE 6. Pollen percentage diagram of the section Bely Yar II.
FIGURE 2 in Last interglacial environment of the Baikal Region (Southern Siberia, Russia) based on analysis of fossil invertebrates and plants
FIGURE 2. Stratigraphy of the section Bely Yar II.
Data from: Inter-specific variation in the potential for upland rush management advocated by agri-environment schemes to increase breeding wader densities
<p>Encroachment of rush Juncus spp. in the United Kingdom uplands poses a threat to declining wader populations due to taller, denser swards that can limit foraging and breeding habitat quality for some species. Rush management via cutting, implemented through agri-environment schemes (AESs), could thus increase wader abundance, but there is insufficient assessment and understanding of how rush management influences upland waders. Across two upland regions of England [South West Peak (SWP) and Geltsdale nature reserve, Cumbria], we surveyed waders over four visits in fields where rush was managed according to AES prescriptions (treatment; n = 21) and fields without rush management that were otherwise ecologically similar (control; n = 22) to assess how the densities of breeding wader pairs respond to rush management in the short-term. We find evidence for regional variation in the response of waders to rush management, with densities of Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago significantly higher in treatment than control fields in the SWP, but not Geltsdale. There were no statistically significant responses to treatment on densities of Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata or Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus. The 95% confidence intervals for the treatment parameter estimates suggest that this may be due to limited statistical power in the case of Lapwing. For Curlew, however, any potential increases in densities are negligible. There was no evidence that variation in rush cover, which ranged from 10 to 70%, influenced densities of any of our three focal species. Our results suggest that rush management through AES prescriptions delivered in isolation of other interventions may not lead to general increases in breeding wader densities in the short-term, but benefits may arise in some situations due to regional and inter-specific variation in effectiveness. Rush management supported with interventions that improve soil conditions and thus food availability, or reduce predation pressure, may enable AES rush management to generate benefits. Additional research is required to maximise the potential benefits of rush management for each species through the development of prescriptions that tailor to individual species' optimum sward structure.</p>
Dataset of the bacterial fitness estimation values and mutation identifications from: Rapid decline of adaptation of Pseudomonas fluorescens to soil biotic environment
<p>Interactions between microbes can both constrain and enhance adaptation, but to date, most studies employ simplified communities and environments. We measured fitness of populations of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens that have been evolved in both the presence and absence of a natural potting soil microbial community. Populations from both environments showed similar fitness increases with respect to the ancestor in the absence of the community, suggesting no significant cost of evolving with the community. By contrast, fitness in the presence of the community increased for community-evolved populations, but decreased considerably below the ancestral state for populations evolved in the absence of the community. This suggests some abiotic beneficial mutations are costly in the presence of the community, while others are not, with the former only selected against in the presence of the community. Most mutations underpinning fitness changes were clone specific, supporting the view that there are multiple genetic pathways to adaptation in this complex environment. Such extreme mutational effects have not been observed in comparable in vitro studies that employ much simpler abiotic and biotic environments, and suggest that a caution is need when extrapolating results from simplified in vitro systems to real-world contexts.</p>
Thainema gen. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Synechococcales): a new genus of simple trichal cyanobacteria isolated from a solar saltern environment in Thailand
<p>Simple trichal types constitute a group of cyanobacteria with an abundance of novel, often cryptic taxa. Here, we investigated material collected from wet surface-soil in a saline environment in Petchaburi Province, central Thailand. A morphological comparison of the isolated strain with similar known species, as well as its phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses based on the combined datasets of other related organisms, especially simple trichal cyanobacteria, revealed that the material of this study represented an independent taxon. Using a multifaceted method, we propose that this material represents a new genus, <i>Thainema</i> gen. nov., belonging to the family Leptolyngbyaceae, with the type species <i>Thainema salinarum</i> sp. nov. This novel taxon shares similar ecological habitats with strains previously placed in the same lineage.</p>
Data from: Trait-environment relationships could alter the spatial and temporal characteristics of aquatic insect subsidies at the macrospatial scale
<p>Ecological flows across ecosystem boundaries are typically studied at spatial scales that limit our understanding of broad geographical patterns in ecosystem linkages. Aquatic insects that metamorphose into terrestrial adults are important resource subsidies for terrestrial ecosystems. Traits related to their development and dispersal should determine their availability to terrestrial consumers. Here, we synthesize geospatial, aquatic biomonitoring and biological traits data to quantify the relative importance of several environmental gradients on the potential spatial and temporal characteristics of aquatic insect subsidies across the contiguous United States. We found the trait composition of benthic macroinvertebrate communities varies among hydrologic regions and could affect how aquatic insects transport subsidies as adults. Further, several trait-environment relationships were underpinned by hydrology. Large bodied taxa that could disperse further from the stream were associated with hydrologically stable conditions. Alternatively, hydrologically variable conditions were associated with multivoltine taxa that could extend the duration of subsidies with periodic emergence events throughout the year. We also found that anthropogenic impacts decrease the frequency of individuals with adult flight but potentially extend the distance subsidies travel into the terrestrial ecosystem. Collectively, these results suggest that natural and anthropogenic gradients could affect aquatic insect subsidies by changing the trait composition of benthic macroinvertebrate communities. The conceptual framework and trait-environment relationships we present shows promise for understanding broad geographical patterns in linkages between ecosystems.</p>
Data for: Contrasting response of native and non-native plants to disturbance and herbivory in mountain environments
<p><b>Aim</b>: Climate warming and increasing human disturbance are expected to promote non-native plant invasions in mountain ecosystems. Although biological invasions are also expected to be modulated by biotic interactions, it is still not clear how invertebrate herbivores can affect plant invasion dynamics. Using a large manipulative experiment, we aimed at testing: 1) the effect of soil disturbance and elevation on native and non-native plant communities, and 2) the effect of plant-herbivore interactions, nitrogen deposition, and elevation in driving plant establishment after soil disturbance.</p> <p><b>Location</b>: European Alps, NE Italy</p> <p><b>Taxon</b>: Vascular plants</p> <p><b>Methods</b>: We selected remote, uninvaded dry semi-natural grasslands along the core elevational range of non-native plants in the European Alps (0-1330 m) and manipulated soil disturbance, nitrogen deposition, and invertebrate herbivory. Then, we followed the natural establishment under real field conditions of both native and non-native plants over one growing season. We used generalized mixed-effects models to test the effects of the experimental treatments.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: Native and non-native species showed contrasting responses to soil disturbance and elevation. Low elevations and disturbance promoted non-native success, while affecting native species diversity negatively. Two-thirds of the experimental sites acquired novel non-natives after disturbance. Most of the observed non-natives were not present in the surrounding vegetation as mature plants, indicating that propagules were able to reach even remote natural areas. While current N deposition levels did not affect plant establishment, we found that after disturbance invertebrate herbivory might play an important role in facilitating non-native invasions by reducing native cover.</p> <p><b>Main conclusions</b>: Our findings show that highly resistant ecosystems such as continuous grasslands can be easily invaded once the resident vegetation has been removed, and that natural herbivory pressure from invertebrates might amplify the negative effects of disturbance on resident native species irrespective of elevation. Together, these results indicate increasing risks of future plant invasions on mountains under global change.</p>
Behaviour-Based Approach for Solving a Sparse Swarm Environment Exploration Task
<p>Videos to Behaviour-Based Approach for Solving a Sparse Swarm Environment Exploration Task.</p>
Data from: Sperm longevity and salinity – the overlooked importance of spawning environment for alternative reproductive tactics
<p><span>Studies on adaptive responses to sperm competition have focused on mating modes and mating roles. The main mating modes studied are external and internal fertilization and spermcasting. The focus of male mating roles assumes one advantageous 'bourgeois' role and another disadvantageous 'parasitic' role regarding the probability of fertilization. However, sperm longevity between teleost fishes spawning in hypoosmotic freshwater and species spawning in hyperosmotic saltwater differs markedly. We argue that this can have major impacts on sperm adaptations in relation to sperm competition, due to physiological constraints and different outcomes of trade-offs. To test this hypothesis, we extracted sperm longevity data from studies on species with alternative reproductive tactics. We show that spawning salinity affects sperm longevity by orders of magnitudes and that this affects the direction in which male tactics differ in sperm longevity: parasitic males' sperm lived shorter than bourgeois males' sperm in freshwater spawners, but longer than bourgeois males' sperm in saltwater spawners. These results highlight a need to take spawning salinity into account in intraspecific as well as interspecies comparisons of adaptations to sperm competition in external fertilizers.</span></p>
Behavioural repertoire of high-shore littorinid snails reveals novel adaptations to an extreme environment
<p>Species that inhabit high-shore environments on rocky shores survive prolonged periods of emersion and thermal stress. Using two Hong Kong high-shore littorinids (<em>Echinolittorina malaccana </em>and <em>E. radiata</em>) as models, we examined their behavioural repertoire to survive these variable and extreme conditions. Environmental temperatures ranged from 4 ℃ in the cool season to 55.5 ℃ in the hot season, with strong seasonal and daily fluctuations. In the hot season, both species allocated >35 % of their activity budgets to stress-mitigating thermoregulatory behaviours (e.g. standing, towering) and relatively small proportions to foraging (<20%) and reproduction (<10%). In the assumedly benign cool season, greater proportions (>70%) of activity budgets were allocated to stress mitigation behaviours (crevice occupation, aggregation formation). Both species exhibited multifunctional behaviours that optimised time use during their tidally-constrained activity window in the hot season. Females mated while foraging when awash by the rising tide, and some males crawled on top of females prior to ceasing movement to form 'towers', which have both thermoregulatory benefits and reduce searching time for mates during subsequent activity. The function of such behaviours varies in a state-dependent manner, for example, the function of trail following changes over an activity cycle from mate searching on rising tides, to stress mitigation on falling tides (aiding aggregation formation), and to both functions through tower formation just before movement stops. Many of these behavioural responses are, therefore, multifunctional and can vary according to local conditions, allowing snails in this family to successfully colonize the extreme high-shore environment.</p>
Performing with QuaverSeries Live Coding Environment
<p><a href="http://webaudioconf.com/posts/2019_27/">http://webaudioconf.com/posts/2019_27/</a></p>
Genotype by environment interactions for chronic wasting disease in farmed U.S. white-tailed deer
<p>Despite the implementation of enhanced management practices, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in U.S. white-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus virginianus</em>; hereafter WTD) continues to expand geographically. Herein, we perform the largest genome-wide association analysis (GWAA) to date for CWD (n = 412 CWD-positive; n = 758 CWD-non-detect) using a custom Affymetrix Axiom® single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array (n = 121,010 SNPs), and confirm that differential susceptibility to CWD is a highly heritable (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.611 ± 0.056) polygenic trait in farmed U.S. WTD, but with greater trait complexity than previously appreciated. We also confirm <em>PRNP</em> codon 96 (G96S) as having the largest effects on risk (<em>P</em> ≤ 3.19E-08; Phenotypic Variance Explained ≥ 0.025) across three U.S. regions (Northeast, Midwest, South). However, 20 CWD-positive WTD possessing codon 96SS genotypes were also observed, including one that was lymph node and obex positive. Beyond <em>PRNP</em>, we also detected 23 significant SNPs (<em>P</em>-value ≤ 5E-05) implicating ≥ 24 positional candidate genes; many of which have been directly implicated in Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and prion diseases. Genotype-by-environment (GxE) interaction GWAA revealed a SNP in the lysosomal enzyme gene <em>ARSB</em> as having the most significant regional heterogeneity of effects on CWD (<em>P</em> ≤ 3.20E-06); with increasing copy number of the minor allele increasing susceptibility to CWD in the Northeast and Midwest; but with opposite effects in the South. In addition to <em>ARSB</em>, 38 significant GxE SNPs (<em>P</em>-value ≤ 5E-05) were also detected, thereby implicating ≥ 36 positional candidate genes; the majority of which have also been associated with aspects of Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and prion diseases.</p>
Data from: Age, state, environment and season dependence of senescence in body mass
[No abstract entered]
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.