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13,017 results for “Positionning”
FIGURE 4 in Towards a monophyletic classification of Lejeuneaceae III: the systematic position of Leiolejeunea
FIGURE 4: A. Female shoot of Leiolejeunea grandiflora with terete perianth and pair of large bracts [ventral view; scale bar = 400 µm]. B-D. Leaf cells with oil bodies [B: Leiolejeunea grandiflora, scale bar = 10 µm C: Cheilolejeunea insecta, D: Cheilolejeunea acutangula, scale bars for C + D = 10 µm]. A, B from Jamaica, Schäfer-Verwimp 35394 (M); C from Brazil, Schäfer-Verwimp & Verwimp 12785, paratype (JE); D from Brazil, Schäfer-Verwimp & Verwimp 14148 (JE).
FIGURE 1 in Towards a monophyletic classification of Lejeuneaceae III: the systematic position of Leiolejeunea
FIGURE 1: Strict consensus of 2 equally parsimonious trees recovered in maximum parsimony analyses of the combined rbcL - trnL-F - nrITS dataset. Bootstrap percentage values (BPV) ≥ 50 % are indicated at branches.
FIGURE 3 in Towards a monophyletic classification of Lejeuneaceae III: the systematic position of Leiolejeunea
FIGURE 3. Majority rule consensus tree of trees recovered in stationary phase of Bayesian search (homogeneous model of evolution). Support (≥ 0.95) from Bayesian searches is indicated at branches.
FIGURE 2 in Towards a monophyletic classification of Lejeuneaceae III: the systematic position of Leiolejeunea
FIGURE 2. Phylogram generated in a maximum likelihood analysis of the combined dataset with bootstrap percentage values (BPV) ≥ 50 % indicated at branches (heuristic search with separate models of evolution for every molecular marker).
FIGURE 3 in Revisiting the systematic positions of two "Notocupes" species from the Lower Cretaceous of South China (Coleoptera: Polyphaga)
FIGURE 3. Lasiosyne multituberata comb. nov., holotype, NIGP38565, under incident light (A) and scanning electron microscopy (B–D). A, Habitus. B, Prothorax. C, Mesocoxae and elytral base. D, Elytral apex. Abbreviations: el, elytron; es, elytral suture; msc, mesocoxa; pn, pronotum; s1–5, striae 1–5; sr, shoulder region. Scale bars: 3 mm in A, 1 mm in B–D.
FIGURE 1 in Revisiting the systematic positions of two "Notocupes" species from the Lower Cretaceous of South China (Coleoptera: Polyphaga)
FIGURE 1. General habitus of "Notocupes" undatabdominus, holotype, NIGP38559, under incident light, with prosternal carinae (arrowhead in A) and the curved suture between ventrites 4 and 5 (arrowhead in B) highlighted. Arrows indicate the direction of light. Abbreviations: el, elytron; msc, mesocoxa; msvc, mesoventral cavity; mtc, metacoxa; v3–5, ventrites 3–5. Scale bars: 1.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Revisiting the systematic positions of two "Notocupes" species from the Lower Cretaceous of South China (Coleoptera: Polyphaga)
FIGURE 2. Details of "Notocupes" undatabdominus, holotype, NIGP38559, under scanning electron microscopy. A, Head and prothorax, showing the prosternal carinae (arrowhead). B, Mesothorax. C, Metacoxae and abdominal base. D, Abdominal apex, showing the curved suture between ventrites 4 and 5 (arrowhead). Abbreviations: el, elytron; hd, head; hy, hypomeron; msc, mesocoxa; msvc, mesoventral cavity; mtc, metacoxa; v2–5, ventrites 2–5. Scale bars: 600 μm.
FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic position and taxonomic assignment of Thlaspi aghricum P.H.Davis & K.Tan (Brassicaceae)
FIGURE 1. Photographs of Thlaspi aghricum. A. Habit; B. Stem leaves; C. Flowers; D. Fruits; E. Habitat of Siirt population; F. Habitat of Ağrı population
FIGURE 4. A in Phylogenetic position and taxonomic assignment of Thlaspi aghricum P.H.Davis & K.Tan (Brassicaceae)
FIGURE 4. A broad ITS-based phylogenetic backbone of Brassicaceae that focuses on the placement of Thlaspi aghricum. Shown is the Bayesian maximum clade credibility tree with posterior probability values> 0.5. The tribal concept follows Warwick et al. (2010), Al-Shehbaz (2012), and Koch et al. 2012. Tribes not assigned to lineage I through III are representatives of expanded lineage II. Tribes to
FIGURE 3 in Phylogenetic position and taxonomic assignment of Thlaspi aghricum P.H.Davis & K.Tan (Brassicaceae)
FIGURE 3: Cross section of Thlaspi aghricum seed-coat. ct: compressed tissue, e: bi-layered epidermis, p: parenchyma.
FIGURES 20–42 in Phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Geissleria Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin and description of two new species from Siberian mountain lakes
FIGURES 20–42. Geissleria frolikhiensis sp. nov. Figs 20–42: Figs 20–35: Valve view. Figs 36–39: Live cells with chloroplast structure, explanation in the text. Fig. 40: External valve view, note biseriate striae near axial area (arrow). Figs 41, 42: Internal valve view, note props in areolae and elongated subpolar pores (annulus). (20–39: LM; 40–42: SEM). Scale bar for LM: 10 μm.
FIGURES 2–19 in Phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Geissleria Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin and description of two new species from Siberian mountain lakes
FIGURES 2–19. Geissleria baicalosimilis sp. nov. Figs 2–19: Figs 2–10: Valve view. Fig. 11: Frustule view of girdle. Figs 12–14: Live cells with chloroplast structure, explanation in the text. Figs 15, 16: External valve view, note isolated pore in fig. 16 (arrow). Fig. 17: Internal valve view, note isolated pore structure (arrow). Fig. 18 External view of valve end, note structure of elongated subpolar pores (annulus). Fig. 19. Internal view of valve end, note annulus structure with warty outgrowths (2–14: LM; 15–19: SEM). Scale bar for LM: 10 μm.
FIGURES 48–51. Geissleria lacusbaicalensis. Fig. 48 in Phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Geissleria Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin and description of two new species from Siberian mountain lakes
FIGURES 48–51. Geissleria lacusbaicalensis. Fig. 48: Internal view of central part of valve, note isolated pore and props in areolae. Encyonema sp. Fig. 49. Internal view of central part of valve, note slit like areolae with presence of props. Placoneis margarita. Fig. 50: Internal view of valve end, note props present around the edges of the areolae. Cymbella microlacusbaicalensis. Fig. 51: Internal view of valve end, note slit like areolae and presence of props in pores within pore fields. (SEM).
FIGURES 44–47. Geissleria pseudobadma. Figs 44, 45 in Phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Geissleria Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin and description of two new species from Siberian mountain lakes
FIGURES 44–47. Geissleria pseudobadma. Figs 44, 45: Internal view of valve ends, note slit like areolae structure with evident props and elongated subpolar pores (annulus) with warty outgrowths; isolated pores at valve pole. G. irregularis. Fig 46: Internal view of valve end, note elongated subpolar pores (annulus) with warty outgrowths. Fig. 47. G. lacusbaicalensis. (SEM).
FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Geissleria Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin and description of two new species from Siberian mountain lakes
FIGURE 1: Map showing geographical position of Lake Frolikha close connected with Lake Baikal. First arrow indicates sampling in Lake Frolikha. Second arrow indicates sampling place in Lake Baikal.
FIGURE 43 in Phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Geissleria Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin and description of two new species from Siberian mountain lakes
FIGURE 43. Phylogenetic analysis constructed from an alignment with 88 sequences and 1137 characters (partial SSU rDNA gene and partial rbcL gene). Values above vertical lines are Bayesian posterior probabilities (<90 are not shown), values below vertical lines are bootstrap support as maximum likelihood analyses (<50 are not shown). Species from the genera Stephanodiscus and Skeletonema were chosen as outgroup.
FIGURE 2 in On the systematic position of the genus Timmiella (Dicranidae, Bryopsida) and its allied genera, with the description of a new family Timmiellaceae
FIGURE 2. Opercula (A, C, E, G, I, K) and peristomes (B, D, F, H, J, L) of Timmiella and Luisierella. A, B. Timmiella acaulon. C, D. T. anomala. E, F. T. barbuloides. G, H. T. crassinervis. I, J. T. diminuta. K, L. Luisierella barbula (Peristome teeth indicated by arrowheads). A, B from C. C. Hosseus 396 (HIRO). C, D from Y. Inoue 1910 (HIRO). E, F from C. C. Townsend s.n. (HIRO). G, H from W. B. Schofield 14404 (HIRO). I, J from C. Y. Chang s.n. (TNS). K from R. A. Pursell 632 (HIRO). L from R. L. Redfearn Jr. 73–55 (HIRO). Scale bars = 100 µm.
FIGURE 1 in On the systematic position of the genus Timmiella (Dicranidae, Bryopsida) and its allied genera, with the description of a new family Timmiellaceae
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree based on analysis with the concatenated sequences of chloroplast rps4 and rbcL genes, depicted by a 50% majority-rule consensus tree for the 9 topologies passing both AU and PP tests. Supporting values more than 50% obtained by the program CONSEL were overlaid: the values by the AU test (AU), bootstrap probabilities calculated through the same theory as AU (NP), and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) are shown on or near each branch (AU/NP/PP). The root is arbitrarily placed on the branch leading to the clade which includes members of the genera Buxbaumia and Diphyscium following Tsubota et al. (2003, 2004) and Cox et al. (2010).
Decreased aviation leads to increased ice crystal number and a positive radiative effect
<p>This is the dataset to support our paper titled of "Decreased aviation leads to increased ice crystal number and a positive radiative effect". Travel restrictions in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an unprecedented decrease of 73% in global flight mileage in April-May 2020 compared to 2019. Here we examine the CALIPSO satellite observations and find a significant increase in ice crystal number concentrations (Ni) in cirrus clouds in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, which we attribute to an increase in homogeneous freezing when soot from aircraft emissions is reduced. A relatively small positive radiative effect of 21 mWm<sup>-2</sup> is estimated if a decrease in aircraft traffic continues. We infer from this analysis that the worldwide adoption of biofuel blending in aircraft fuels that lead to smaller soot emissions could lead to a significant change in the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds but a rather small positive radiative effect.</p> <p>This dataset including three sections. The data are model output or input from climate simulations conducted with Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1.2.2 with IMPACT aerosol module. The input files are default in the component set of "FC5" in the CESM model. The files in the dataset are described below:</p> <p><strong>Model code.zip: </strong>This tar file contains the sources code of the IMPACT aerosol module that we implemented as additional aerosol module embedded in the CESM model which is publicly available from NCAR repository. This code is used to create model output list in this dataset.</p> <p><strong>2020_act.rar: </strong>This tar file contains NetCDF out file of daily mean meteorological and aerosol fields during January and May in 2020 from the model based on the actual aviation activity in 2020.</p> <p><strong>2020_yes.rar: </strong>This tar file contains NetCDF out file of daily mean meteorological and aerosol fields during January and May in 2020 from the model assuming the aviation activity in 2020 is same as 2019.</p> <p><strong>Year_act.zip: </strong>This tar file contains NetCDF out file of annual mean meteorological and aerosol fields in the next five years from the model assuming the aviation restriction in 2020 last for the next five years.</p> <p><strong>Year_yes.zip: </strong>This tar file contains NetCDF out file of annual mean meteorological and aerosol fields in the next five years from the model assuming the aviation activity keeping same as 2019 in the next five years.</p> <p><strong>filght.zip:</strong> The FlightRadar24 commercial database of flight mileages from January 2019 to May 2020 at 1°x1° resolution, which were used as input file in our model.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Demographic History and Genomic Targets of Positive Selection in Giant Gough Mice
<p>A key challenge in understanding how natural selection operates is to identify the mutations and genes that make it possible. Positive selection on beneficial mutations distorts linked variation by altering the site frequency spectrum, the configuration of haplotypes, and population differentiation. By comparing patterns of sequence variation to neutral predictions across genomes, the targets of positive selection can be located. We applied this logic to an unusual population of house mice that shows phenotypic and ecological hallmarks of selection. Mice from Gough Island are twice the body size of mainland mice, eat live seabirds, maintain a very high population density, and inhabit an environment without predators or humans. We used massively parallel short-read sequencing to survey the genomes of 14 Gough Island mice. We computed a set of summary statistics to capture diverse aspects of variation across these genome sequences, used approximate Bayesian computation to reconstruct a null demographic model, and then applied machine learning to estimate the posterior probability of positive selection in each region of the genome. We conducted parallel analyses on genome sequences from 8 mice from Germany, treating them as representatives of a mainland reference population. A few thousand 5kb windows show strong evidence for positive selection in Gough Island mice but not in German mice. Genic regions and the X chromosome contain disproportionate shares of these selection windows. Over-represented gene ontologies in selection windows emphasize neurological themes. Inspection of genomic regions harboring many selection windows with high posterior probabilities pointed to genes with known effects on exploratory behavior and body size as potential targets. Some genes in these regions have missense mutations and/or putative regulatory mutations with large differences between Gough Island mice and German/French mice in the frequency of the derived allele; these are candidates for adaptive variants. Our results provide a genomic portrait of adaptation to island conditions and position Gough Island mice as a powerful system for understanding the genetic component of natural selection.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.