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FIGURE 12 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 12. Limacina sp. 2, RGM 777373,; 1: apertural, 2: apical, 3: oblique apical, and 4: umbilical views. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 9 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 9. Limacina timi sp. nov.; 1: holotype, RGM 1007748b; 2: paratype 1, RGM 777408a; 3: paratype 2, RGM 777408b; 4: paratype 3, RGM 777414 m;. Apertural views. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 6 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 6. Limacina robusta (Eames, 1952), Holotype, Natural History Museum, London BM 68457. Rahki Nala (Pakistan, western Punjab); Kirthar Formation, Lower Chocolate Clays (late Lutetian – Priabonian); 1: apical, 2: apertural, 3: lateral view. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 2 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 2. Altaspiratella bearnensis (Curry, 1982); RGM 777374; 1: apical view, 2: apertural view. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 1 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 1. Location and geological map of the Tanzanian Drilling Project Eocene/Oligocene boundary sites (TDP 11, 12 and 17), additional Tanzanian Drilling Project sites in the area are also shown, modified from Nicholas et al. (2006). After Cotton and Pearson, (2011).

FIGURE 4 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 4. Heliconoides nikkieae sp. nov.; holotype, RGM 777415a, 3dPDF. For animation see: http:// palaeo-electronica.org/content/2017/2024-pteropodafrom-tanzania.

FIGURE 8 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 8. Limacina tanzaniaensis sp. nov.; holotype, apertural view, RGM 777428b, 3dPDF. For animation see: http://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2017/2024- pteropoda-from-tanzania.

FIGURE 13. Bovicornu aff. eocenense Meyer, 1886 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 13. Bovicornu aff. eocenense Meyer, 1886; 1: RGM 777370, apertural view; 2: RGM 1007784, basal view. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 14 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 14. Holotypes of Bovicornu eocenense Meyer, 1886 (1, 2) and B. gracile Meyer, 1887 (3, 4). Shell height of 1 = 2.8 mm, of 2 = 2.7 mm; 2 and 4 are magnifications of 1 and 3, respectively. Photographs after Hodgkinson et al. (1992, pl. 7, figures 9-12).

FIGURE 11 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 11. Limacina sp. 1. 1: RGM 777440c; apical view; 2: RGM 777440b; apertural view. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 7 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 7. Limacina tanzaniaensis sp. nov. 1: Holotype, apertural view, RGM 777428b, TDP 17.38.2, 22-29 cm; 2: paratype 1, apertural view, RGM 777438, TDP 17.36.2, 80-95 cm; 3: paratype 2, umbilical view, RGM 777416b, TDP 17.36.1, 10-25 cm; 4: paratype 3, apical view, RGM 777416c, same data as 3. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 15 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 15. Range chart of pteropods, combined data of TDP 11, 12 and 17, calibrated to composite depths. Basic stratigraphical data mainly from Pearson et al. (2008, figure 16).

FIGURE 3 in Pteropoda (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Thecosomata) from the Eocene/Oligocene boundary interval of three cored boreholes in southern coastal Tanzania and their response to the global cooling event

FIGURE 3. Heliconoides nikkieae sp. nov.; 1: Holotype, RGM 777415a, apertural view; 2: apertural view, specimen lost; 3: paratype 1, RGM 777415b, umbilical view; 4: paratype 3, RGM 777 381, umbilical view; 5: paratype 2, RGM 777415c, apical view. Figure 3-1, -2, -3 and -5 from the type locality, TDP 17.36.1, 10-25 cm; Figure 3-4 from TDP 17.21.1, 9-20 cm. Bar equals 100 μm.

FIGURE 2 in Pushing the limits of neutron tomography in palaeontology: Three-dimensional modelling of in situ resin within fossil plants

FIGURE 2. Austrosequoia novae-zeelandiae (Ettingshausen, 1887) Mays et al., 2017, PL1227. 1) Transverse section of a partially exposed, desiccated ovulate cone. 2) Neutron tomographic reconstruction largely encapsulated in sedimentary matrix, white indicates high neutron attenuation, oblique-transverse view. 3) Volume rendering of neutron tomographic reconstruction, RNA = Relative Neutron Attenuation, grid texture on RNA spectrum indicates relative transparency, regions of highest neutron attenuation represent in situ resin within cone axis and minor enclaves of resin near the distal ends of the bract-scale complexes, desiccation exhibited by large gaps in coalified organic remains (blue/green), oblique-transverse view. 4) Greyscale histogram from neutron tomographic reconstruction of PL1227 (16-bit) these values represent the neutron attenuation of the reconstructed volume, colours and transparency textures as per Figure 2.3, threshold values presented in Table 2, the spectrum has been cropped at the extremes for this graphical representation. See Appendix for an animation of the virtually extracted specimen illustrated in Figure 2.3.

FIGURE 1. 1 in Pushing the limits of neutron tomography in palaeontology: Three-dimensional modelling of in situ resin within fossil plants

FIGURE 1. 1) Map of eastern Zealandia including New Zealand and the Chatham Islands, grey areas = emergent, grey outline = 2000 m isobath, boxed area is displayed in Figure 1.2. 2) Map of the Chatham Islands, grey areas = emergent, boxed area is displayed in Figure 1.3. 3) Geological map of the Waihere Bay area, northwest Pitt Island, fossil locality recorded in this study is indicated, age estimates from the following sources: Tupuangi Formation (Mildenhall, 1994; Mays and Stilwell, 2013), Kahuitara Tuff (Mildenhall, 1994; Stilwell, 1998), other estimates (Campbell et al., 1993; Panter et al., 2006). Modified from figures 1 and 3 of Mays et al. (2015b) with permission.

FIGURE 3 in Pushing the limits of neutron tomography in palaeontology: Three-dimensional modelling of in situ resin within fossil plants

FIGURE 3. Artist's reconstruction of ovuliferous cone and fertile shoot of Austrosequoia novae-zeelandiae (Ettingshausen, 1887) Mays et al., 2017, artist: Mali Moir.

FIGURE 5 in A novel application of the white light/fringe projection duo: recovering high precision three-dimensional images from fossils for the digital preservation of morphology

FIGURE 5. Processed views of a fossil sample acquired by the optical FPP system OTY. Each view is re-oriented 60º degrees with respect to the prior. Where: "a" indicates a zone that has no information at 60º in this stage of the process and will be corrected with the information of the next view, as is shown in "b".

FIGURE 3 in A novel application of the white light/fringe projection duo: recovering high precision three-dimensional images from fossils for the digital preservation of morphology

FIGURE 3. Magnitude maps of the sample obtained every 60º for 8 and 128 pixels/period. The images show the resolution and detail levels given the number of fringes projected over the sample. The measurements' accuracy of surface and depth depends on the number of projected fringes, which include as many as the system can display (8 pixels/period for each fringe in this case). When the acquisition of details is difficult, a wider fringe is required (based on our sample size, we used 128 pixels).

FIGURE 1 in A novel application of the white light/fringe projection duo: recovering high precision three-dimensional images from fossils for the digital preservation of morphology

FIGURE 1. Optical set up specifications for fringe projection profilometry (FPP) used in this study for the recovery of a 3-D image of a hemimandible sample.

FIGURE 7 in A novel application of the white light/fringe projection duo: recovering high precision three-dimensional images from fossils for the digital preservation of morphology

FIGURE 7. Examples of analyses that can be performed with the obtained data from the fossils: 1) denoting the relief (emboss filter), 2) detecting edges and transitions (sobel filter), 3) study of the roughness and waviness of a sample (topography filter).