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880 results for “Competence”
Data from: Do deposit-feeders compete? Isotopic niche analysis of an invasion in a species-poor system
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Data from: Light pollution increases West Nile virus competence of a ubiquitous passerine reservoir species
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The relationship between physical education teachers' competence support and middle school students' participation in sports: a chain mediation model of perceived competence and exercise persistence
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Data from: Population density, not host competence, drives patterns of disease in an invaded community
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Data from: Observed fitness may affect niche overlap in competing species via selective social information use
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Data from: The context dependent effects of host competence, competition, and the pathogen transmission mode on disease prevalence
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Data from: The contribution of maternal effects to selection response: an empirical test of competing models
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Data from: Trade-offs between morphology and thermal niches mediate adaptation in response to competing selective pressures
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Semantic competency as a marker of clinical reasoning performance
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The Alginate Immobilization of Metabolic Enzymes (AIME) platform retrofits an estrogen receptor transactivation assay with metabolic competence
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The macroecology and evolution of avian competence for Borrelia burgdorferi
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Chemical screening in an estrogen receptor transactivation assay with metabolic competence
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Data from: Competing for blood: the ecology of parasite resource competition in human malaria-helminth co-infections
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Competing for congestible goods: experimental evidence on parking choice
<pre>This dataset accompanies the paper "Competing for congestible goods: experimental evidence on parking choice", https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77711-w It records participant decisions whether to park their car in two different types of car park lots. See details of the experimental setup in the paper. Explanation of the data fields: #ratioSN: proportion of available spots in the cheap car park lot (S) to the number of people (N) #Qexp: see experimental setup #Qadd: see experimental setup #round_number: round number #participant.code: identification number for each participant in each treatment #choice: park slot chosen by the participant (0: expensive (blue) car park; 1: cheap (yellow) #myParking: park slot assigned to the participant (0: expensive (blue) car park; 1: cheap (yellow) #player.risk_i: (only for round number 10) answer to ith question of risk assessment test (see paper). </pre>
A core competency model for clinical informationists
<p class="CxSpFirst"><span><strong>Objectives</strong>: Access to high-quality information improves the quality of patient care, but lack of time and sufficient skills in information-seeking can prevent access to information by clinicians. To solve this problem, clinical informationists can provide high-quality, filtered information for clinical team members. In this study, we identified the core competencies needed by clinical informationists to effectively fulfill their role in clinical teams.</span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span><strong>Methods</strong>: Participants were selected purposefully from clinicians and medical librarians. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.</span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span><strong>Results</strong>: We identified six competencies—communication, research, education and training, domain knowledge, information services, and technology—which together were used to develop a CREDIT model of core competencies for clinical informationists.</span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span><strong>Conclusions</strong>: The CREDIT model can be used as criteria for evaluating the performance of clinical informationists as well as for developing and assessing clinical informationist educational programs and curriculum.</span></p>
Competencies Development based on Thinking-based Learning in Software Engineering: An Action-Research
<p>For a long time, the teaching of Software Engineering (SE) has been carried out in a traditional way without taking into account relevant aspects of the student’s personality reflected in their learning. There is still a lack of research focused on SE that promotes adequate teaching methods so that new generations of students and future professionals have a humanistic, critical and reflexive formation. A novel teaching method called Thinking-based Learning (TBL) was proposed to develop effective thinking in students using thinking skills, habits of the mind and the metacognition during the teaching of subject content. The action research as a methodology to improve their teaching practices in education has been seen as a positive change in educational practices. The aim of this research was to perform an action research based on TBL method to assist in the development of competencies that are less attended by traditional methods currently used during the teaching and learning process of students in SE. Moreover, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted to identify gaps in the contribution of teaching methods in SE until the present. The data are obtained by comparing the competencies achieved with TBL with the traditional methods previously used in the discipline, and additionally with the data obtained from the SLR. The results indicated that critical thinking, autonomy, problem solving and creativity were the most developed competencies by students during the course period. We are planning to expand the TBL and applying it in other disciplines of the same course as well as in other research areas to determine its functionality and interdisciplinarity. We hope that this experience with TBL will encourage the development of competencies among SE teachers.</p>
Data and Code for "Limitation by a shared mutualist promotes coexistence of multiple competing partners"
<p>Code for the ecological model (.R file) and data (.xlsx file) presented in Hammarlund et al. "Limitation by a shared mutualist promotes coexistence of multiple competing partners."</p>
Data from: Experimental evolution demonstrates evolvability of preferential nutrient allocation to competing traits, in response to chronic malnutrition.
Investigating the evolutionary origins of disease vulnerability is an important aspect of evolutionary medicine that strongly complements our current understanding on proximate causes of disease. Life history trade-offs mediated through evolutionary changes in resource allocation strategies could be one possible explanation to why suboptimal traits that leave bodies vulnerable to disease exist. For example, Drosophila melanogaster populations experimentally evolved to tolerate chronic larval malnutrition succumb to intestinal infection despite eliciting a competent immune response, owing to the loss of their intestinal integrity. Here, I test if evolved changes in resource allocation underlies this trade-off, by assaying preferential allocation of dietary protein towards growth and tissue repair in the same populations. Using two phenotypic traits: regeneration of intestinal epithelium post-pathogenic infection and body weight, I show that in accordance to the dynamic energy budget theory (DEB) dietary protein acquired during the larval phase is allocated to both growth and adult tissue repair. Furthermore, by altering the ratio of protein and carbohydrates in the larval diets I demonstrate that in comparison to the control populations, the evolved (selected) populations differ in their protein allocation strategy towards these two traits. While the control populations stored away excess protein for tissue repair, the selected populations invested it towards immediate increase in body weight rather than towards an unanticipated tissue damage. Thus, I show how macronutrient availability and their allocation between traits can alter resistance, and provide empirical evidence that supports the 'mismatch hypothesis', wherein vulnerability to disease is proposed to stem from the differences between ancestral and current environment.
Data from: Concede or clash? Solitary sharks competing for food assess rivals to decide.
To adapt to their environment, organisms can either directly interact with their surroundings or use social information, namely information provided by neighbouring individuals. Social information relates to the external features of surrounding peers, and little is known about its use by solitary species. Here, we investigated the use of social cues in a solitary marine predator by creating artificial aggregations of free-ranging sicklefin lemon sharks (Negaprion acutidens). Using a novel monitoring protocol, we analysed both dominance interactions and tolerance associations between sharks competing for food in relation with the number, the morphology and the behaviour of rivals. Sharks produced more agonistic displays and spent more time around the bait as competitors were more abundant. Moreover, the morphological attributes of competitors had very limited influence on the structure of shark social interactions. Instead, sharks appeared to establish tolerance relationships with competitors according to their individual behaviour. Furthermore, the more two sharks were observed together at a given study site, the fewer agonistic interactions they exchanged. We discuss these findings as evidence of the use of social cues in a non-gregarious predatory species and suggest directions for future research.
Data from: Evolutionary conserved neural signature of early life stress affects animal social competence
In vertebrates the early social environment can persistently influence behaviour and social competence later in life. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying variation in animal social competence are largely unknown. In rats, high-quality maternal care causes an upregulation of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors (gr) and reduces offspring stress responsiveness. This identifies gr regulation as a candidate mechanism for maintaining variation in animal social competence. We tested this hypothesis in a highly-social cichlid fish, Neolamprologus pulcher, reared with or without caring parents. We find that the molecular pathway translating early social experience into later-life alterations of the stress axis is homologous across vertebrates: fish reared with parents expressed the glucocorticoid receptor gr1 more in the telencephalon. Furthermore, expression levels of the transcription factor egr-1 (early growth response 1) were associated with gr1 expression in the telencephalon and hypothalamus. When blocking glucocorticoid receptors (GR) with an antagonist, mifepristone (RU486), parent-reared individuals showed more socially appropriate, submissive behaviour when intruding a larger conspecific's territory. Remarkably, mifepristone-treated fish were less attacked by owners and had a higher likelihood of territory takeover. Our results indicate that early social-environment effects on stress axis programming are mediated by an evolutionary conserved molecular pathway, which is causally involved in environmentally-induced variation of animal social competence.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.