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508 results for “Ecosystem functions”
Data from: Facilitation enhances ecosystem function with non-random species gains
<p>Facilitation, an ecological interaction assembling plant communities worldwide, has been shown to modulate both species richness and ecosystem functions. Such a Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning (BEF) relationship can be decomposed into different components not only related to species losses and gains but also to the identity of the species and the context in which they live. Using an extension of the classical BEF approach named CAFE (Community Assembly and the Functioning of Ecosystems), we quantified the contribution of these components to the BEF relationship in a Spanish semiarid plant community shaped by facilitation. We used species richness as a measure for biodiversity and plant cover as a proxy of multiple ecosystem functions including plant productivity, soil protection, soil fertility and microbial productivity. Nurse plants doubled the number of species that live beneath them relative to open ground, but caused a five-fold increase in plant cover. The disproportionate increase of plant cover was a consequence of the identity of the species enhanced by nurse plants, which were more productive than the average. We discuss these results in terms of sampling effects (i.e., the higher probability of richer communities to harbour hyperproductive species) and complementary effects (i.e., richer communities enhancing productivity through resource partitioning, abiotic facilitation, or biotic feedbacks). The enhancement of ecosystem functions that plant facilitation produces by incorporating species with high functional values to the community may reverberate among other trophic levels and propagate beyond the local scale where the ecological interaction is produced.</p>
Nitrification, denitrification, and related functional genes under elevated CO2: a meta-analysis in terrestrial ecosystems
<p>This file encompasses the data that support the findings of the study entitled "Nitrification, denitrification, and related functional genes under elevated CO<sub>2</sub>: a meta-analysis in terrestrial ecosystems" by Robin Gineyts and Audrey Niboyet in Global Change Biology.</p>
Data for the article "Organic farming increases functional diversity and ecosystem service provision of spontaneous vegetation in Mediterranean vineyards"
<p>Research data for the article "<strong>Organic farming increases functional diversity and ecosystem service provision of spontaneous vegetation in Mediterranean vineyards</strong>" made by Roser Rotchés-Ribalta, Joan Marull and Joan Pino published in Ecological Indicators.</p> <p>It includes:</p> <p>- Species and functional diversities of spontaneous plant species in the different plots surveyed per field</p> <p>- The cover of each species per plot in each field</p> <p>- The functional traits used for each species</p> <p>- The physico-chemical soil data of each plot per field </p>
Tree community composition stabilizes ecosystem functions in response to drought
In summer 2018, Central Europe was hit by an extreme drought event that widely impacted ecosystems and markedly increased tree mortality in forest ecosystems across the continent. As climate models predict an increase in frequency and severity of such events, there is an urgent need to adapt forests in order to maintain the diverse benefits they provide. Soil processes play an essential role in this context and are key for a plethora of terrestrial ecosystem functions but are strongly dependent on water availability. Here we investigated how tree species richness, composition, and identity in a 13-year-old temperate tree diversity experiment influenced selected ecosystem functions (as important representatives of different ecosystem processes) during the 2018 summer drought. We focused on the stability of soil microbial biomass and standard litter decomposition, as well as tree species-specific mortality rates. Contrary to our expectations, tree species richness did not generally increase the resistance of soil functions and decrease tree mortality rates. However, the resistance of these functions was determined by tree species identity and community composition. For the resistance of both soil functions (microbial biomass and litter decomposition), we found that tree species richness effects depended on the presence of certain tree species. Moreover, we found that the performance of a specific tree species in monoculture, Norway Spruce, was a poor predictor of its response to drought in tree species mixtures. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrate that the species composition of tree stands determines tree mortality and the resistance of soil functions under drought. This indicates that enhancing multiple ecosystem functions under environmental disturbance requires maintaining diverse forests.
FIG. 3 in Ecosystem Functions of a Spring-Fed Tributary in Providing Foraging Habitat and Thermal Refuge for Juvenile Masu Salmon
FIG. 3. Seasonal changes in the population density of juvenile Oncorhynchus masou masou in the spring-fed tributary (A) and runoff tributary (B) reaches. Gray bands indicate the 95% confidence intervals of the estimated population densities.
FIG. 2 in Ecosystem Functions of a Spring-Fed Tributary in Providing Foraging Habitat and Thermal Refuge for Juvenile Masu Salmon
FIG. 2. Flow (A) and temperature (B) regimes of the spring-fed and runoff tributaries and mainstems. *Water levels were initially set to 0 cm (at the onset of monitoring).
Identifying 'climate keystone species' as a tool for conserving ecosystem functioning under climate change
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: Climate change affects ecological communities via impacts on species. The community's response to climate change can be represented as the temporal trend in a climate-related functional property that is quantified using a relevant functional trait. Noteworthy, some species influence this response in the community more strongly than others.</p> <p><strong>Innovation</strong>: Leveraging on the concept of keystone species, we propose that species with a strong effect on the community's functional response to climate change beyond their relative abundance can be considered as 'climate keystone species'. We develop a stepwise tool to determine species' effects on a community's climate response and identify climate keystone species. We quantify the species-specific effect by measuring the difference in the community's climate response with and without the species. Next, we identify climate keystone species as those with a strong residual effect after weighting with their relative abundances in the community.</p> <p><strong>Main</strong> <strong>Conclusions</strong>: To illustrate the use of the stepwise tool with empirical data, we identify climate keystone species that have a strong effect on the change in the average temperature niche in North American bird communities over time and find the identification tool ecologically relevant. Identification of climate keystone species can serve as an additional conservation method to efficiently protect ecosystem functions.</p>
Data from: Changes in the location of biodiversity–ecosystem function hot spots across the seafloor landscape with increasing sediment nutrient loading
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Data from: Scaling functional traits to ecosystem processes: towards a mechanistic understanding in peat mosses
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Data from: Functional identity and diversity of animals predict ecosystem functioning better than species-based indices
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Data from: Adding landscape genetics and individual traits to the ecosystem function paradigm reveals the importance of species functional breadth
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Data from: Can ecosystem functioning be maintained despite climate-driven shifts in species composition? Insights from novel marine forests
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Data from: Are belowground clonal traits good predictors of ecosystem functioning in temperate grasslands?
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Data from: Tree functional strategies and soil microbial communities regulate forest ecosystem services
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Data from: Plant functional traits and environmental conditions shape community assembly and ecosystem functioning during restoration
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Data from: Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in long-term time series and palaeoecological records: deep sea as a test bed
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Data from: Quantifying species contributions to ecosystem processes: a global assessment of functional trait and phylogenetic metrics across avian seed-dispersal networks
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Data from: Complementing urban agriculture and green spaces is important for ecosystem functions and biodiversity in cities: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Data from: Nonlinear effects of intraspecific competition alter landscape-wide scaling up of ecosystem function
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Data from: Mammalian engineers drive soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions across a disturbance gradient
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.