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1,989 results for “Fires”
Fig 3 in Long-Term Bioclimatic Modelling The Distribution Of The Fire-Bellied Toad, Bombina Bombina (Anura, Bombinatoridae), Under The Influence Of Global Climate Change
Fig 3. Response curve showing how the logistic prediction changes as the environmental variable Bio2 (Mean diurnal temperature range, oC, X-axis) is varied, keeping all other environmental variables at their average sample value. The curve shows the mean response of the 10 replicate Maxent runs (red) and and the mean +/– one standard deviation (blue).
Data supporting: Success of post-fire plant recovery strategies varies with shifting fire seasonality
<p><span>Wildfires are increasing in size and severity and fire seasons are lengthening, largely driven by climate and land use change.</span> <span>Many plant species from fire prone ecosystems are adapted to specific fire regimes corresponding to historical conditions and shifts beyond these bounds may have severe impacts on vegetation recovery and long-term species persistence</span><span>. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis of field-based studies across different vegetation types and climate regions to investigate how post-fire plant recruitment, reproduction and survival are affected by fires that occur outside of the historical fire season. We find that fires outside of the historical fire season may lead to decreased post-fire recruitment for many species, particularly obligate seeding species. Conversely, we find a general increase of post-fire survival in resprouting species. </span><span>Our results highlight the trade-offs that exist when considering the effects of changes in the seasonal timing of fire, an already present aspect of climate-related global fire regime change. </span></p>
Karuk ecological fire management practices promote elk habitat in Northern California
<p>After a century of fire suppression and accumulating fuel loads in North American forests, prescribed burns are increasingly used to prevent conditions leading to catastrophic megafire. There is widespread evidence that prescribed fire was used by Indigenous communities to manage natural and cultural resources tribes for thousands of years. Wildlife habitat is an example of an ecological response that was actively managed with prescribed burns by Indigenous American peoples and is an important factor in western U.S. forest management planning, restoration and climate resilience efforts. We analyzed the effects of modern prescribed burns informed by traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) on the predicted change in elk winter habitat in Karuk aboriginal territory in Northern California between 2013 and 2018 using species distribution and simultaneous autoregressive modeling techniques. Burn types most closely resembling Karuk traditional practices, specifically those incorporating multiple-year broadcast burns, had significant positive effects on elk winter habitat suitability. Conversely, concentrated burns focused solely on reducing fuel loads had significant negative effects on elk winter habitat suitability. However, areas where these fuel-reduction burns were combined with multiple years of broadcast burns featured the highest increases in habitat. Our results suggest that transitioning to prescribed burns that more closely follow Karuk TEK will promote elk habitat in the region. This would be best achieved through continuing to work closely with Indigenous representatives to plan and implement cultural fire prescriptions on a landscape-scale, a trend we posit would benefit environmental management efforts across the globe.</p>
Statistically Determined Global Fire Regimes (GFRs) Empirically Characterized Using Historical MODIS Hotspots
<p><strong>Statistically Determined Global Fire Regimes (GFRs) Empirically Characterized Using Historical MODIS Hotspots</strong></p> <p>Fire regimes are areas having similar fire characteristics, and show the spatial pattern, frequency and intensity of fires that prevail in that area over long periods of time. Fire regimes are created and maintained by multivariate interactions between climate, vegetation/fuels, and ignitions. Like ecoregions, fire regimes indicate the extent and overlap of particular vegetative/fuel communities and climatic conditions, and are important for understanding, monitoring, predicting and managing fire.</p> <p>More than 83M MODIS “hotspot” thermal detections from 2002-2019 were grouped into 10km cells, and 21 derived variables describing fire characteristics of fire intensity, return frequency, and seasonality within each cell were developed and subjected to unsupervised Multivariate Geographic Clustering to produce world maps of Global Fire Regimes (GFRs), each having similar fire intensity and timing characteristics.</p> <p>Methodology behind these datasets are described in manuscript currently in review.</p> <p><strong>W. W. Hargrove, Jitendra Kumar, Steven P. Norman, Forrest M. Hoffman (2022), "Empirical Characterization of Global Fire Regimes Show Shared Fire Relationships" 2022 (in review)</strong></p> <p>This data collection includes:</p> <p>1. Multivariate Geographic Clustering Global Fire Regimes at 3000, 1000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10 levels of divisions in form of geospatial raster in IMG formats, and associated color tables.</p> <p>2. Characteristics of GFRs</p> <p>3. Location groups</p> <p>4. Geospatial maps of global fire frequency modes, global seasonality strength, and 12 types of global fires.</p> <p>5. PNG maps for all data products </p> <p>6. Description and script for global date transform algorithm.</p>
Fire, smoke and gas leakage detection Dataset
<p>This is an open free dataset associated with fire, smoke and gas leakage detection captured from the Smart Building sensor system, namely SB112, with edge computing and Next Generation (NG) 112 emergency call capabilities. In case you use or process this dataset please refer to your work/study the following paper in which the SB112 is described in detail. </p> <p>Maltezos, E.; Petousakis, K.; Dadoukis, A.; Karagiannidis, L.; Ouzounoglou, E.; Krommyda, M.; Hadjipavlis, G.; Amditis, A. A Smart Building Fire and Gas Leakage Alert System with Edge Computing and NG112 Emergency Call Capabilities. <em>Information</em> 2022, <em>13</em>, 164. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040164">https://doi.org/10.3390/info13040164</a></p> <p>The excel files contain data from 08/03/2022 to 11/03/2022. From 08/03 to 10/03/2022 the data is gathered from continuous operation without physical triggering. On 11/03/2022 a physical trigger of the sensors was performed by:</p> <ul> <li>Burning a piece of paper in a distance of 15 cm - 20cm to the Smoke and CO sensors.</li> <li>By exposing the LPG/CNG sensors to lighter gas in a distance of 5 cm - 10cm.</li> <li>By exposing the Flame/IR sensor to a moving flame from a lighter in a distance of 15 cm - 100cm.</li> </ul> <p>In each sheet of the excel files there are four columns: i) the datetime that a measurement was captured, ii) the type of the sensor, iii) the unit of the measurement, and iv) the data value.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgments: </strong>This work is a part of the S4AllCities project. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 883522. Content reflects only the authors’ views; the Research Executive Agency (REA)/European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.</p>
Data from: Pyrophilic plants respond to post-fire soil conditions in a frequently burned longleaf pine savanna
<p class="RealLife">Fire-plant feedbacks engineer recurrent fires in pyrophilic ecosystems like savannas. The mechanisms sustaining these feedbacks may be related to plant adaptations that trigger rapid responses to fire's effects on soil. Plants adapted for high fire frequencies should quickly regrow, flower, and produce seeds that mature rapidly and disperse post-fire. We hypothesized that offspring of such plants would germinate and grow rapidly, responding to fire-generated changes in soil nutrients and biota. We conducted an experiment using longleaf pine savanna plants that were paired based on differences in reproduction and survival under annual ("more" pyrophilic) vs. less frequent ("less" pyrophilic) fire regimes. Seeds were planted in different soil inoculations from experimental fires of varying severity. The "more" pyrophilic species displayed high germination rates followed by species specific, rapid growth responses to soil location and fire severity effects on soils. In contrast, the "less" pyrophilic species had lower germination rates that were not responsive to soil treatments. This suggests that rapid germination and growth constitute adaptations to frequent fires, and that plants respond differently to fire severity effects on soil abiotic factors and microbes. Further, variable plant responses to post-fire soils may influence plant community diversity and fire-fuel feedbacks in pyrophilic ecosystems.</p>
Data and R code for long-term study of fire and climate effects on water quality in Clear Lake, California
<p>Long-term relationships between water quality, fire and climate for Clear Lake, California. Although the watershed has historically experienced frequent fire, the 2018 Mendocino Complex, which was the largest wildfire complex in state history, burned approximately 40% of the watershed, sparking concerns about drinking water quality and lake ecosystem health. This analysis spans approximately 1968-2021.</p>
Sex-based differences in the use of post-fire habitats by invasive cane toads (Rhinella marina)
<p>Wildfires can modify habitat attributes, and those changes may differentially affect males versus females within a species if there is pre-existing niche divergence between the sexes. We used radio-tracking and dissections to study invasive cane toads (<em>Rhinella marina</em>), and performed transect counts on native frogs and cane toads 12 months after extensive fires in forests of eastern Australia. Both toads and native frogs were encountered more frequently in burned sites than in unburned sites. Most microhabitat features were similar between burned versus unburned areas, but fire had differential impacts on the ecology of male versus female toads. In burned areas females were less numerous but were larger, in better body condition, and had consumed more prey (especially, coleopterans and myriapods). The impact of fire on attributes of retreat-sites (e.g., temperature, density of vegetation cover) also differed between the sexes. More generally, intraspecific divergence in ecological traits within a species (as a function of body size as well as sex) may translate into substantial divergences in the impacts of habitat change.</p>
Dataset for: Fire and forest loss in the Dominican Republic during the 21st Century
<p>This dataset is required to reproduce the code for the manuscript entitled 'Fire and forest loss in the Dominican Republic during the 21st Century'</p> <p>Preprint: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.15.448604</p> <p>Code: https://github.com/geofis/forest-loss-fire-reproducible</p>
Spacecraft Thruster Firing Test Dataset
<p> </p> <p><strong>WARNING</strong></p> <p>This version of the dataset is not recommended for anomaly detection use case. We discovered discrepancies in the anomalous sequences. A new version will be released. In the meantime, please ignore all sequence marked as anomalous.</p> <p><strong>CONTEXT</strong></p> <p>Testing hardware to qualify it for Spaceflight is critical to model and verify performances. Hot fire tests (also known as life-tests) are typically run during the qualification campaigns of satellite thrusters, but results remain proprietary data, hence making it difficult for the machine learning community to develop suitable data-driven predictive models. This synthetic dataset was generated partially based on the real-world physics of monopropellant chemical thrusters, to foster the development and benchmarking of new data-driven analytical methods (machine learning, deep-learning, etc.).</p> <p>The PDF document "STFT Dataset Description" describes in much details the structure, context, use cases and domain-knowledge about thruster in order for ML practitioners to use the dataset.</p> <p><strong>PROPOSED TASKS</strong></p> <p><strong>Supervised</strong>:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Performance Modelling:</strong> Prediction of the thruster performances (target can be thrust, mass flow rate, and/or the average specific impulse)</li> <li><strong>Acceptance Test for Individualised Performance Model refinement: </strong>Taking into account the acceptance test of individual thruster might be helpful to generate individualised thruster predictive model</li> <li><strong>Uncertainty Quantification</strong> <strong>for </strong><strong>Thruster-to-thruster reproducibility verification</strong>, i.e. to evaluate the prediction variability between several thrusters in order to construct uncertainty bounds around the prediction (predictive intervals) of the thrust and mass flow rate of future thrusters that may be used during an actual space mission</li> </ul> <p><strong>Unsupervised / Anomaly Detection</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Anomaly Detection</strong>: Anomalies can be detected in an unsupervised setting (outlier detection) or in a semi-supervised setting (novelty detection). The dataset includes a total of 270 anomalies. A simple approach is to predict if a firing test sequence is anomalous or nominal. A more advanced approach is trying to predict which portion of a time series is anomalous. The dataset also provide a detailed information about each time point being anomalous or nominal. In case of an anomaly, a code is provided which allows to diagnosis the detection system performance on the different types of anomalies contained in the dataset.</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Ungulates mitigate the effects of drought and shrub encroachment on the fire hazard of Mediterranean oak woodlands
<p>Dataset included: Shrub density; Shrub biomass; Fuel load of <em>Cistus ladanifer</em>; Fuel load herbs; Fuel load litter</p>
Role of bark beetle disturbance and fuel types on fire radiative power and burn severity in the Bohemian-Saxon Switzerland - Data and Material.
<p>This data repository includes different datasets for fuel types, burn severity, fire radiative power and burned area, which were analysed and used in our paper on the <strong>Role of bark beetle disturbance and fuel types on fire radiative power and burn severity in the Bohemian-Saxon Switzerland</strong>.</p> <p>Study area: National Park Bohemian and Saxon Switzerland and conservation areas, Germany and Czech Republic.</p> <p>Burn severity:<br>dnbr_fire22.nc – Burn severity data covering the burned area, which has been calculated with the Difference Normalized Burn Index (dNBR) using Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8, 9 images. Remote sensing images were reprojected and resampled to 10 m to ensure harmonization before index calculation.</p> <p>cbi.csv – Burn severity surveyed in the field in autumn 2022 as validation data for the dNBR. Contains: ID, coordinates, CBI, CBI values separated for different strata (A to E) and individual strata variables, forest type and species for intermediate trees (strata D) and tall trees (strata E), and the dNBR value that covered the plot extent.</p> <p>Burned area:<br>burned_area.shp – Burned area was mapped by rangers in the Saxon Switzerland National Park and was taken from the dataset provided by the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS) for the Bohemian Switzerland National Park.</p> <p>FRP:<br>frp.nc - Fire Radiative Power gridded to 300 m and clipped to the burned area. FRP during the main fire spread 24/07/22 - 29/07/22. </p> <p>Fuel:<br>fueltype_bohemiansaxonswitzerland.nc/fueltype_bohemiansaxonswitzerland_postfire.nc – Raster datasets (10m spatial resolution, EPSG:32633) of fuels present in the area before and after the fire. The fuel classification system can be found in the fuel_classification.xlsx.</p> <p>fuel_classification.xlsx – The fuel type classification system for the study area. Fuel type ID's as seen in fueltype_bohemiansaxonswitzerland.nc (pre- and postfire).</p>
Data from: Grazing herbivores reduce herbaceous biomass and fire activity across African savannas
<p>Fire and herbivory interact to alter ecosystems and carbon cycling. In savannas, herbivores can reduce fire activity by removing grass biomass, but the size of these effects and what regulates them remain uncertain. To examine grazing effects on fuels and fire regimes across African savannas, we combined data from herbivore exclosure experiments with remotely sensed data on fire activity and herbivore density. We show that, broadly across African savannas, grazing herbivores substantially reduce both herbaceous biomass and fire activity. The size of these effects was strongly associated with grazing herbivore densities and, surprisingly, was mostly consistent across different environments. A one-zebra increase in herbivore biomass density (~100 kg/km<sup>2</sup> of metabolic biomass) resulted in a ~53 kg/ha reduction in standing herbaceous biomass and a ~0.43 percentage point reduction in burned area. Our results indicate that fire models can be improved by incorporating grazing effects on grass biomass.</p>
FireCaster Wildland Fire Fuels Database for Corsican - Mediterranean Forest stand types
<p>This database includes wildland fuels data for Mediterranean basin vegetation stands types and in particular for those in Corsica, for fire/forest management, risk assessment and decision-support purposes. It gathers together some of the most common input parameters needed by wildfire’s models at several vegetation scales (i.e., stand, elements, particles). It has been conceived by using a layering approach, this is, assuming that a vegetation stand type is constituted by one or more structurally distinct pseudo-homogenous layers of vegetation. Vegetation stand types considered are based on the fuel classification and mapping of the BDForêt® <em>2.0 – Corsica.</em> Fuel attributes have been defined to be meaningful at regional/landscape scales and are representative of stand-level characteristics. National Forest Inventory (NFI) data have been mainly used for determining the fuel attributes for forest stand types. The building methods and the different data sources have been detailed in a paper which is under review.</p> <p> The attached dataset consists of two tables and one text document:</p> <p> - The first table (<em>FuelLayersData.csv</em>) contains fuel layers and fuel elements attributes for each vegetation stand type. The table has 15 columns. The first one (<em>CODE_TFV</em>) corresponds to the code assigned to each vegetation stand type following the BDForêt®<em> </em>nomenclature. Next columns, refer to the layer numbering, the stratum of the layer and the species scientific name. After that, next six columns correspond to the layer attributes and four columns correspond to the fuel element attributes. The last column is the diameter at breast height (DBH) for canopy layers. The empty cells in the table indicate that the corresponding attribute is not applicable for this particular layer.</p> <p> - The second table (<em>FuelParticlesData.csv</em>) contains the particle attributes, this is, the surface-to-volume ratio, particles density and low heat content.</p> <p> - The text document (<em>StandTypesDescription.docx</em>) is derived from BDForêt®<em> version 2.0 – Corsica</em> (https://geo.isula.corsica/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/descriptif-contenu-bd_foret-IGN.pdf) and contains a short description of the different stand types considered according to the CODE_TFV.</p> <p>This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, France (grant number ANR-16-CE04-0006 FIRECASTER) and by H2020-EU.3.5. Programme (FIRE-RES, Grant agreement ID: 101037419).</p> <p> </p> <p>Pérez-Ramirez Y, Ferrat L, Filippi JB. (2024) Wildland Fire Fuels Database for Corsican – Mediterranean Forest stand types. Forest Ecology and Management, 565, 122002.</p>
Fig. 3 in A small parasitoid of fire ants, Pseudacteon obtusitus (Diptera: Phoridae): native range ecology and laboratory rearing
Fig. 3. Frequency distribution of Solenopsis invicta head size from which Pseudacteon obtusitus emerged, sorted by gender and sample yr. Insert: frequency distribution of Pseudacteon obtusitus thoraces sorted by gender and sample yr.
Fig. 1 in A small parasitoid of fire ants, Pseudacteon obtusitus (Diptera: Phoridae): native range ecology and laboratory rearing
Fig. 1. Monthly phenology of Pseudacteon obtusitus across mo and yr at Corrientes Province, Argentina.
Fig. 2 in A small parasitoid of fire ants, Pseudacteon obtusitus (Diptera: Phoridae): native range ecology and laboratory rearing
Fig. 2. Relative percent abundance of Pseudacteon obtusitus categorized by the time of d (morning until 12:00 P.M., 12:00 to 3:00 P.M., afer 3:00 P.M.) and sample mo (Apr, May, Jun, Sep, Oct, Nov, Jan).
Dataset: United Fire Group, Inc. (UFCS) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Collapse and recovery of livestock systems shape fire regimes on the Eurasian steppe: a review of ecosystem and biodiversity implications
<p>This file contains bibliographic data from the literature research; livestock and fire data as well as Google Earth Engine and R-scripts to reproduce all analyses and figures.</p>
Fig.1 in R Ec O V E Re D S Ui Ta Bi Li T Y O F D E Er H A B Itat In Hem Ibo Rea L W O Odl And 23 Ye Ars Afte R Va St Forest Fire In Slītere National Park, Latvia
Fig.1. Location of pellet group counts and habitat characteristics summarized at a hexagon level (10ha) regarding the borders of fire-affected area.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.