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Fig. 5 in Glaciambulata neumayeri gen. et sp. nov., a new Antarctic trachymedusa (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with a revision of the family Ptychogastriidae

Fig. 5. — Pectis antarctica Haeckel, 1879. A–B. Medusa in lateral (A) and oral (B) views. C. Longitudinal section through the manubrium. D. Lateral view of the manubrium showing the outer, gastric pouches. E. Lateral view of Voragonema laciniata Bouillon et al., 2001. F–G. Manubrium of V. laciniata in oral (F) and lateral (G) views. [A–D redrawn after Haeckel (1881b); E–G redrawn after Bouillon et al. (2001)]. Scale bars: A, B, E = 1 cm; F, G = 5 mm.

Fig. 2 in Glaciambulata neumayeri gen. et sp. nov., a new Antarctic trachymedusa (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with a revision of the family Ptychogastriidae

Fig. 2. Glaciambulata neumayeri Galea, Roder, Walcher, Warmuth, Kohlberg & Fischer, gen. et sp. nov. A. Arrangement pattern of the large, Fliform tentacles around the bell margin. B. Aboral view of a medusa showing some radial and the ring canal. C. Distal part of an adhesive tentacle. D. Portion of a Fliform tentacle, showing the arrangement of the nematocysts. E–F. The mouth in frontal (E) and lateral (F) aspects. G–H. Arrangement and structure of the gonads. I–J. Position of the statocysts (arrowheads). K. Close-ups of three statocysts. L. Cnidome. Scale bars: G = 2 mm; A, B, H, I = 1 mm; E, F = 500 µm; C, J = 200 µm; K = 30 µm; L = 10 µm.

Fig. 1 in Glaciambulata neumayeri gen. et sp. nov., a new Antarctic trachymedusa (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with a revision of the family Ptychogastriidae

Fig. 1. Glaciambulata neumayeri Galea, Roder, Walcher, Warmuth, Kohlberg & Fischer, gen. et sp. nov. A–C. Living medusae. D–G. Preserved medusae in aboral (D, E) and oral (F, G) views. Scale bars: A, C = 5 mm; B, D–G = 2 mm.

Fig. 4 in On Powellithecidae fam. nov., a new Pliocene to Recent bryozoan family endemic to New Zealand, with the description of Powellitheca gen. nov. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Fig. 4. Powellitheca waipukurensis (Waters, 1887) comb. nov. NHMUK BZ 7744, Nukumaruan, Pleistocene, Nukumaru Limestone, Waiinu Beach. Two colonies of P. waipukurensis encrusting a bivalve shell, competing with other bryozoan species for space. Note the band of fertile zooids with large, globular ovicells.

Fig. 6 in On Powellithecidae fam. nov., a new Pliocene to Recent bryozoan family endemic to New Zealand, with the description of Powellitheca gen. nov. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Fig. 6. Powellitheca waipukurensis (Waters, 1887) comb. nov. Nukumaruan, Pleistocene, Nukumaru Limestone, Waiinu Beach. A–F. NHMUK BZ 7744. A. General view of two colonies encrusting a bivalve shell. B. Fusion of the two colonies shown in A and formation of kenozooids along the encountering edge. C. Group of fertile zooids and autozooids. D. Ancestrula and early ontogeny. E. Close-up of the minimally calcified ancestrula. F. Autozooidal orifice and avicularium. — G–H. NHMUK BZ 7745. G. Internal view of the proximal, convex, orificial rim lacking a lyrula. H. Multiporous septula on the zooidal vertical walls. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 500 µm; C–D = 200 µm; E–F = 100 µm; G–H = 20 µm.

Fig. 3 in On Powellithecidae fam. nov., a new Pliocene to Recent bryozoan family endemic to New Zealand, with the description of Powellitheca gen. nov. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Fig. 3. Powellitheca labiosa gen. et sp. nov. NIWA 98320 (A–C, E–F), 98229 (D), Recent, Three King Islands, New Zealand. A. Group of fertile zooids and autozooids. B. Tilted view of the primary orifice of an autozooid. Note the lack of a lyrula. C. Close-up of the frontal, multiporous septula on the distolateral corners and the funnel-shaped pseudopores on the frontal shield. D. Lateral, multiporous septula on the zooidal vertical walls. E–F. Tilted view of the orifice of fertile zooids. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B–C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; E = 250 µm; F = 150 µm.

Fig. 2 in On Powellithecidae fam. nov., a new Pliocene to Recent bryozoan family endemic to New Zealand, with the description of Powellitheca gen. nov. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Fig. 2. Powellitheca terranovae gen. et sp. nov. NIWA 98983, Recent, Stephens Hole, NZOI Station Q686, New Zealand. A. Group of fertile zooids and autozooids. B. Close-up of an autozooid showing frontal, multiporous septula on the distolateral corners. C. Lateral, multiporous septula on the vertical walls of a maternal zooid. Note also the prominent, suboral umbo. D. Avicularium. E. Tilted view of an autozooidal orifice to show the anvil-shaped, downwardly directed lyrula. F. Orifice of a maternal zooid and incomplete ooecium. Scale bars: A = 250 µm; B–C = 100 µm; D–E = 50 µm; F = 150 µm.

Fig. 1 in On Powellithecidae fam. nov., a new Pliocene to Recent bryozoan family endemic to New Zealand, with the description of Powellitheca gen. nov. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Fig. 1. Emballotheca quadrata (MacGillivray, 1880), NHMUK 1897.5.1.830, Recent, Port Phillip Heads, Victoria, Australia. A. General view of the colony. B. Autozooidal orifice and avicularia. C. Close-up of a condyle with scaled tip. D. Fertile zooid and surrounding autozooids. E. Large, spatulate, frontal avicularium and lateral pore-chamber windows in the vertical walls. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B = 40 µm; C = 10 µm; D = 200 µm; E = 100 µm.

Fig. 5 in On Powellithecidae fam. nov., a new Pliocene to Recent bryozoan family endemic to New Zealand, with the description of Powellitheca gen. nov. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Fig. 5. Powellitheca waipukurensis (Waters, 1887) comb. nov. Specimen figured by Brown (1952: fig. 203), NHMUK D36986, Mangapanian, Early Pliocene, Hawkes Bay, Waipukurau Gorge. A. General view of the colony. B. Group of autozooids and fertile zooids showing the dimorphic orifices. C. Group of zooids with avicularia. D. Autozooids. Scale bars: A = 500 µm; B–C = 200 µm; D = 100 µm.

Fig. 7 in On Powellithecidae fam. nov., a new Pliocene to Recent bryozoan family endemic to New Zealand, with the description of Powellitheca gen. nov. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)

Fig. 7. Powellitheca terranovae gen. et sp. nov. Underwater photograph taken by Dr. Vincent Zintzen (Department of Conservation, NZ) at the Poor Knights Islands, off the NE coast of North Island, north of Auckland, New Zealand. Note the band of yellow pigment at the colony's growing edges and the 19 yellow tentacles of the autozooids.

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Video S1–3, Model S1, 2 & Figure S1: Oxfordiana motturii gen. et sp. nov. supplemental information

Video S1. Animation of the isosurface-based false-coloured three-dimensional model for specimen BU 5265.1. Full 360-degree rotation on the x-axis followed by the y-axis. Scale bar = 0.5 cm [MOV format 13MB, AVI format 44MB; 1920x1080 px; 1:04 min] Video S2. Animation of the isosurface-based false-coloured three-dimensional model for specimen BU 5265.2. Full 360-degree rotation on the x-axis followed by the y-axis. Scale bar = 0.5 cm. [MOV format 20MB, AVI format 44MB; 1920x1080 px; 1:04 min] Video S3. Tomographic data set showing raw X-ray contrast data as produced by the I12 JEEP beamline at the Diamond Light Source for specimen BU 5265.1. Scale bar = 0.25 mm. [MOV format 42MB, AVI format 53MB; 1004x1002 px; 1:15 min] Model S1. Zenodo hosted three-dimensional model file of BU 5265.1 isosurface-based false-coloured reconstruction. This model is saved as a ZIP compressed VAXML datasets. VAXML uses one or more STL files to define the geometry of objects that comprise the dataset, together with one VAXML file that provides metadata on the dataset as a whole, and specifies how the STL/PLY files are to be put together. Additionally, a native SPV file has been included for direct viewing in SPIERSview. We therefore recommend the free SPIERS software to view this model format (http://spiers-software.org/). Additional information on the VAXML format can be found here: http://spiers-software.org/VAXML.htm. [ZIP/VAXML format 198.4 MB; SPV format 4MB] Model S2. Zenodo hosted three-dimensional model file of BU 5265.2 isosurface-based false-coloured reconstruction. This model is saved as a ZIP compressed VAXML datasets. VAXML uses one or more STL files to define the geometry of objects that comprise the dataset, together with one VAXML file that provides metadata on the dataset as a whole, and specifies how the STL/PLY files are to be put together. Additionally, a native SPV file has been included for direct viewing in SPIERSview. We therefore recommend the free SPIERS software to view this model format (http://spiers-software.org/). Additional information on the VAXML format can be found here: http://spiers-software.org/VAXML.htm. [ZIP/VAXML format 173.6 MB; SPV format 3MB] Figure S1. High resolution volume rendered images from Drishti showing the anatomy of BU 5265 and BU 5266. A) 16 longitudinal virtual thin-sections through BU 5265.1 at 500 µm spacing; B) 40 transverse virtual thin-sections through BU 5265.1 at 500 µm spacing; C) 28 transverse virtual thin-sections through BU 5265.2 at 500 µm spacing; D) 38 transverse virtual thin-sections through BU 5265.3 at 500 µm spacing; E) Reconstruction of BU 5265.1 showing longitudinal view of whole specimen fragment; F) Reconstruction of thick section slide BU 52665.30, a: oblique view of slide looking from the outer surface toward the inside of the ovule near the apex, b: oblique view of the slide looking out from the inside of the ovule, c: top-down view of the slide looking towards the ovule base, d: 3D section virtually cut from the slide showing the orientation of integumentary layers. G) Reconstruction of thick section slide BU 52665.1, a: view of slide looking from the inner surface toward the outside of the ovule, b: view of the slide looking towards the inside of the ovule, c: longitudinal section through the virtual slide. H) Reconstruction of thick section slide BU 52665.38, a: outer anatomy seen looking to the ovule centre from the base, b: inner anatomy seen looking from the ovule centre towards the base, c: longitudinal section through the virtual slide. I) Reconstruction of thick section slide BU 52665.3, a: view of slide looking towards the ovule centre, b: view of slide looking from ovule centre towards the external surface, c: longitudinal section through the virtual slide. J) Reconstruction of thick section slide BU 52665.37, a: view of slide looking away from the ovule centre, b: view of slide looking towards the ovule centre, c: longitudinal section through the virtual slide. Notes: A–D) These images show the two phases of mineralization which have preserved the ovule anatomy, blue = carbonate (calcite), yellow = pyrite, each having differing x-ray attenuation characteristics; E–J) These images highlight just the pyrite within the ovule, in particular that which infills the cells. Scale bars sizes are indicated on the figure. [PNG format 76MB]

FIG. 9. — A-G in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 9. — A-G, Pseudofavulina catenulata (Jeffreys, 1848), n. comb.; A, B, SAB, vue latérale et vue orale; C, SAB, endosolen; D-G, SGB3; D, vue latérale; E-G, endosolen; I-O, Pseudofavulina colubrosacosta (Loeblich & Tappan, 1994), n. comb.; I-L, Auxais, vues latérales et vues orales; M, N, endosolen; O, paroi perforée. Échelles: A, C, D, F, G, I-L, 100 µm; B, E, M, 50 µm; H, 200 µm; N, 10 µm; O, 20 µm.

FIG. 3. — A, B in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 3. — A, B, Favulina squamosa (Williamson, 1848), Brest-LRK2; A, vue interne; B, endoanulus; C-I, Homalohedra williamsoni (Alcock, 1865), Auxais T47; C- F, vues latérales et vues orales; G, vue interne; H, endoanulus; I, pores; J-M, Homalohedra? sp., Brest-LRK2; J, K, vue latérale et vue orale; L, M, endoanulus; N-P, Oolina barkeri n. sp. SG1; holotype vues latérale, orale et basale. Échelles: A, G, J-L, 50 µm; B, M, 10 µm; C-F, O, 100 µm; H, 20 µm; N, P, 200 µm; I, 5 µm.

FIG. 5. — A-D, Oolina falsoscalariformis n in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 5. — A-D, Oolina falsoscalariformis n. sp, la Groussinière S15; A, vue latérale; B, paroi perforée; C, vue interne; D, endoanulus; E-J, Oolina sulcata (Terquem, 1876), Raids-le-Scy; E-H, vues latérales et vues orales; I, vue interne; J, endoanulus; K, L, Entosolenia charlesensis (McCulloch, 1977), Brest-LRK2, vue orale et vue latérale; M, N, l'Epinay, vue latérale et vue orale; O, P, la Pugle; O, endosolen; P, vue latérale. Échelles: A, C, E-I, K-M, O, P, 100 µm; N, 50 µm; D, J, 20 µm; B, 10 µm.

FIG. 1 in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 1. — Cartes de localisation des échantillons étudiés; A, carte groupant les zones géographiques concernées et situation géographique des échantillons de l'île d'Oléron, de St Erth et Walton-on-the Naze; B, carte de localisation des échantillons du couloir de l'Élorn (Finistère); C, carte de localisation des échantillons du domaine ligérien; D, carte de localisation des échantillons du Cotentin.

FIG. 6. — A, B in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 6. — A, B, Entosolenia communis (McCulloch, 1977); B, C, la Chênelière, vue latérale et vue orale; C, la Pugle, vue latérale montrant l'endosolen; D, E, Entosolenia costata Williamson, 1858, Walton-on-the-Naze, vue latérale et vue orale; F-L, Entosolenia foveolata (Seguenza, 1862), la Morelière; F-I, vues latérales et vues orales; J, vue interne; K, L, endosolen spiralé; M-O, Entosolenia intermillerelineata n. sp.; M, N, holotype, la Bouillonnaie, vue latérale et vue orale; O, vue interne montrant l'endosolen. Échelles: A, C, F, G-I, M-O, 100 µm; B, D, E, J, 50 µm; K, 20 µm; L, 10 µm.

FIG. 4. — A, Oolina barkeri n in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 4. — A, Oolina barkeri n. sp., SG1, vue interne; B, C, paratype SG1, vue latérale et vue orale; D, SG1; E, endoanulus; F-H, LLM; F, G, vue latérale et vue orale; H, endoanulus; I, J, Saint-Nicolas-de-Pierrepont F2/F3 vue latérale et vue orale; K, L, SG1, vue latérale et vue orale; M-P, Oolina falsoscalariformis n. sp.; M, N, holotype, la Groussinière S15, vue latérale et vue orale; O, P, Brest-LRK2, paratype, vue latérale et vue orale. Échelles: A, C, D, G, I, J, L-P, 100 µm; B, F, K, 200 µm; E, H, 20 µm.

FIG. 7. — A-C, Entosolenia intermillerelineata n in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 7. — A-C, Entosolenia intermillerelineata n. sp; A, la Sautré, vue latérale; B, C, paratype, la Pugle, vue latérale et vue orale; D-G, Entosolenia lineata Williamson, 1848, SG1; D, E, vue latérale et vue orale; F, vue latérale montrant l'exosolen; G, endosolen; H-N, Entosolenia micans; H-I, LRK2; vue latérale et vue orale; J, granulations; K-N, l'Epinay; K, vue latérale; L, granulations; M, vue orale; N, endosolen; O, P, Entosolenia neocostata, LRK2-Brest, vue latérale et vue orale. Échelles: A-I, K, M-P, 100 µm; J, L, 20 µm.

FIG. 2. — A-I in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 2. — A-I, Favulina hexagona (Williamson, 1848): A-E, Brest-LRK2; A, B, vue latérale et vue orale; C, vue interne; D, endoanulus; E, paroi perforée; F, G, Auxais T47; F, vue latérale; G, vue interne; H, I, Brest-LRK2,vue latérale et vue orale; J-P, Favulina squamosa (Williamson, 1848); J-N, Brest-LRK2; J, K, vue latérale et vue orale; L, paroi perforée; M, N, vue latérale et vue orale; O, P, Auxais T47, vue latérale et vue orale. Échelles: A-C, F-I, P, 50 µm; D, E, L, 10 µm; J, K, M-O, 100 µm.

FIG. 8. — A-D in Étude critique des genres Favulina, Homalohedra, Oolina, Entosolenia et Pseudofavulina n. gen. du Pliocène et du Pléistocène inférieur de la France occidentale et du Sud de l'Angleterre

FIG. 8. — A-D, Entosolenia neocostata (McCulloch, 1977); A, B la Chênelière, vue latérale et vue orale; C, la Bouillonnaie, endosolen; D, la Belletière, endosolen. E-G, Entosolenia sp., St Erth; E, F, vue latérale et vue orale; G, endosolen; H-P, Pseudofavulina scalariformis (Williamson, 1848), n. comb.; H, J, St Erth; H, I, vue latérale et vue orale; J, endosolen; K, L, St Erth, vue latérale et vue orale d'une paire; M, N, Auxais, vue latérale et vue orale; O, P, St Erth; O, pores; P, endosolen. Échelles: A-D, H, I, K-N, 100 µm; E, F, 50 µm; G, J, 20 µm; P, 10 µm; O, 5 µm.