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646 results for “Migration data”
Data from: Vicariance and marine migration in continental island populations of a frog endemic to the Atlantic Coastal forest
The theory of island biogeography is most often studied in the context of oceanic islands where all island inhabitants are descendants from founding events involving migration from mainland source populations. Far fewer studies have considered predictions of island biogeography in the case of continental islands, where island formation typically splits continuous populations and thus vicariance also contributes to the diversity of island populations. We examined one such case on continental islands in southeastern Brazil, to determine how classic island biogeography predictions and past vicariance explain the population genetic diversity of Thoropa taophora, a frog endemic to the Atlantic Coastal Forest. We used nuclear microsatellite markers to examine the genetic diversity of coastal and island populations of this species. We found that island isolation has a role in shaping the genetic diversity of continental island species, with island populations being significantly less diverse than coastal populations. However, area of the island and distance from coast had no significant effect on genetic diversity. We also found no significant differences between migration among coastal populations and migration to and from islands. We discuss how vicariance and the effects of continued migration between coastal and island populations interact to shape evolutionary patterns on continental islands.
Data from: Selection on VPS13A linked to migration in a songbird
Animal migration demands an interconnected suite of adaptations for individuals to navigate over long distances. This trait complex is crucial for small birds whose migratory behaviors—such as directionality—are more likely innate, rather than being learned as in many longer-lived birds. Identifying causal genes has been a central goal of migration ecology, and this endeavor has been furthered by genome-scale comparisons. However, even the most successful studies of migration genetics have achieved low resolution associations, identifying large chromosomal regions that encompass hundreds of genes, one or more of which might be causal. Here we leverage the genomic similarity among golden-winged (Vermivora chrysoptera) and blue-winged warblers (V. cyanoptera) to identify a single gene—Vacuolar Protein Sorting 13A (VPS13A)—that is associated with distinct differences in migration to Central American (CA) or South American (SA) wintering areas. We find reduced sequence variation in this gene-region for SA wintering birds, and show this is the likely result of natural selection on this locus. In humans, variants of VPS13A are linked to the neurodegenerative disorder chorea-acanthocytosis. This new association provides one of the strongest gene-level associations with avian migration differences.
Data from: Seasonal contrasts in individual consistency of oriental honey buzzards' migration
Individual consistency in migration can shine light on the mechanisms of migration. Most studies reported that birds are more consistent in the timing than in the routes or stopover sites during migration, but some specialist species showed the opposite patterns, being more consistent in spatial than temporal aspects of migration. One possible explanation for this contrast is that specialists rely on particular food or habitat resources, which restrict the migratory routes they can take, leading to high spatial consistency. If this is the case, the effect of specialist foraging should become apparent only when birds forage, instead of fasting and flying continuously. To test this effect, we analysed individual consistency in migration of the oriental honey buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus), a specialist raptor that feeds on honeybees and wasps, using a long-term tracking data set. As honey buzzards make extended stopovers during which they forage in spring but not in autumn, the spatial consistency should be higher in spring than in autumn. Honey buzzards were highly consistent in both their migratory routes and stopover sites in Southeast Asia, but only during spring migration. Our results highlight an important link between species' migratory consistency and foraging ecology.
Data from: Immune response genes and pathogen presence predict migration survival in wild salmon smolts
We present the first data to link physiological responses and pathogen presence with subsequent fate during migration of wild salmonid smolts. We tagged and non-lethally sampled gill tissue from sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts as they left their nursery lake (Chilko Lake, BC, Canada) to compare gene expression profiles and freshwater pathogen loads with migration success over the first ~1150 km of their migration to the North Pacific Ocean using acoustic telemetry. Fifteen percent of smolts were never detected again after release and these fish had gene expression profiles consistent with an immune response to one or more viral pathogens compared with fish that survived their freshwater migration. Among the significantly up-regulated genes of the fish that were never detected post-release were MX (Interferon-induced GTP-binding Protein Mx) and STAT1 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta), which are characteristic of a type I interferon response to viral pathogens. The most commonly detected pathogen in the smolts leaving the nursery lake was infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Collectively, these data show that some of the fish assumed to have died after leaving the nursery lake appeared to be responding to one or more viral pathogens and had elevated stress levels that could have contributed to some of the mortality shortly after release. We present the first evidence that changes in gene expression may be predictive of some of the fresh water migration mortality in wild salmonid smolts.
Data from: The cost of migration: spoonbills suffer higher mortality during trans-Saharan spring migrations only
Explanations for the wide variety of seasonal migration patterns of animals all carry the assumption that migration is costly and that this cost increases with migration distance. Although in some studies, the relationships between migration distance and breeding success or annual survival are established, none has investigated whether mortality during the actual migration increases with migration distance. Here, we compared seasonal survival between Eurasian spoonbills (Platalea leucorodia leucorodia) that breed in The Netherlands and migrate different distances (ca 1000, 2000 and 4500 km) to winter in France, Iberia and Mauritania, respectively. On the basis of resightings of individually marked birds throughout the year between 2005 and 2012, we show that summer, autumn and winter survival were very high and independent of migration distance, whereas mortality during spring migration was much higher (18%) for the birds that wintered in Mauritania, compared with those flying only as far as France (5%) or Iberia (6%). As such, this study is the first to show empirical evidence for increased mortality during some long migrations, likely driven by the presence of a physical barrier (the Sahara desert) in combination with suboptimal fuelling and unfavourable weather conditions en route.
Capture data for American Robins (Turdus migratorius) at a fall migration banding station in Mid-Michigan from 2012 - 2019
<p>At the Burke Lake Banding Station in Bath, Michigan we captured American robins (Turdus migratorius) during fall migration from 2011 to 2019. The data shared consists of capture date and age. The data are used only for looking at the relative ratio of hatching year (HY) to after-hatching year (AHY) robins captured during fall migration. </p>
Data from: The imprint of Cenozoic migrations and evolutionary history on the biogeographic gradient of body size in New World mammals
Ecology, evolution and historical events all contribute to biogeographic patterns, but studies integrating them are scarce. Here we focus on how biotic exchanges of mammals during the Late Cenozoic have contributed to current geographic body size patterns. We explore differences in the environmental correlates and phylogenetic patterning of body size between the groups of mammals participating and not participating in past biotic exchanges. Both the association of body size with environmental predictors and its phylogenetic signal were stronger for groups that immigrated into North or South America than for indigenous groups. This pattern, which held when extinct clades were included in the analyses, can be interpreted based on the length of time that clades have had to diversify and occupy niche space. Moreover, we identify a role for historical events such as Cenozoic migrations on configuring contemporary mammal body size patterns and illustrate where these influences have been strongest for New World mammals.
Data from: Why migrate during the day: a comparative analysis of North American birds
Migration can take place primarily during the day, or at night, or during both depending on the species. Why the timing of migration varies among species has been the object of much research but the underlying ecological processes are still unclear. Proximally, migration timing may be influenced by the timing of other activities or may be more prevalent in species that migrate over long distances. Adaptive scenarios emphasize the reduction in flight costs at night especially in smaller species and the advantages of travelling in groups during the day to locate staging sites more efficiently. I used phylogenetic independent contrasts to examine these hypotheses in all North American nesting birds. I uncovered 24 evolutionary transitions in migration timing, most of which involved a switch from nocturnal to diurnal migration. Few of these transitions involved a concomitant change in the timing of foraging habits or migration distance. However, species in diurnal clades were larger, travelled in larger flocks and were generally more sociable than their nocturnal counterparts. The results support the hypotheses that a reduction in flight costs and the ability to pool information from companions are associated with migration timing in North American bird species.
Data from: Timing and route of migration of mature female blue crabs in a tidal estuary
Information on migration patterns is critical to using no-take migratory corridors and marine reserves to protect the spawning stock of commercially exploited species. Both active and passive acoustic tracking methods quantified movement of commercially and ecologically important blue crabs in the White Oak River estuary, NC, USA. We targeted post-mating female crabs migrating down-estuary to oceanic spawning grounds. Crabs travelled approximately 14.1 km mainly in deeper channels and over 12–26 days from mating areas to spawning grounds. No crabs were detected migrating down-estuary in the autumn and only 30% were detected migrating down-estuary in spring. None of the crabs detected near spawning grounds were detected or recaptured back up-estuary, suggesting that they either (i) do not return to the estuary after a one to two week period in the spawning area or (ii) were captured by fishermen. The results from this study demonstrate that (1) acoustic transmitters coupled with passive acoustic receivers provided reliable and valuable data on migration patterns of mature female blue crabs and (2) mature female blue crabs are capable of migrating primarily within deep channels to spawning grounds shortly after insemination.
miRNA149 as candidate for facial clefting and neural crest cell migration: Appendix data
<p>Appendix Data for the paper "<strong>miRNA149 as candidate for facial clefting and neural crest cell migration</strong>" by Stüssel et al.</p> <p>Appendix Table S1: Overview of candidate microRNAs expressed in human neural crest cells</p> <p>Appendix Table S2: nsCL/P associated candidate variants colocalizing with candidate miRNAs</p> <p>Appendix Table S3: Overview of Differentially Expressed genes</p> <p>Appendix Table S4: Overview of GO-gene sets enriched in pathway analysis</p> <p>Appendix Table S5: GO-Terms of pathway enrichment analysis with term-level 5 and group size <100</p>
Data from: Genomic analysis of a migratory divide reveals candidate genes for migration and implicates selective sweeps in generating islands of differentiation
Differential gene flow, reductions in diversity following linked selection and/or features of the genome can structure patterns of genomic differentiation during the process of speciation. Possible sources of reproductive isolation are well studied between coastal and inland subspecies groups of Swainson's thrushes, with differences in seasonal migratory behaviour likely playing a key role in reducing hybrid fitness. We assembled and annotated a draft reference genome for this species and generated whole-genome shotgun sequence data for populations adjacent to the hybrid zone between these groups. We documented substantial genomewide heterogeneity in relative estimates of genetic differentiation between the groups. Within population diversity was lower in areas of high relative differentiation, supporting a role for selective sweeps in generating this pattern. Absolute genetic differentiation was reduced in these areas, further suggesting that recurrent selective sweeps in the ancestral population and/or between divergent populations following secondary contact likely occurred. Relative genetic differentiation was also higher near centromeres and on the Z chromosome, suggesting that features of the genome also contribute to genomewide heterogeneity. Genes linked to migratory traits were concentrated in islands of differentiation, supporting previous suggestions that seasonal migration is under divergent selection between Swainson's thrushes. Differences in migratory behaviour likely play a central role in the speciation of many taxa; we developed the infrastructure here to permit future investigations into the role several candidate genes play in reducing gene flow between not only Swainson's thrushes but other species as well.
Data_Fugitive_Gas_Migration_Chao_et_al
<p>Processed data for supporting the fugitive gas research from EERI at University of British Columbia.</p>
Data from: Genetic basis of adult migration timing in anadromous steelhead discovered through multivariate association testing
Migration traits are presumed to be complex and to involve interaction among multiple genes, thus we employed both univariate analyses and multivariate Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithm to conduct association mapping of 15,239 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for adult migration-timing phenotype in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Our study focused on a model natural population of steelhead that exhibits two distinct migration-timing life histories with high levels of admixture in nature. Neutral divergence was limited between fish exhibiting summer- and winter-run migration owing to high levels of interbreeding, but a univariate mixed linear model found three SNPs from a major effect gene to be significantly associated with migration-timing (p < 0.000005) that explained 46% of trait variation. Alignment to the annotated S. salar genome provided evidence that all three SNPs localize within a 46 kb region overlapping GREB1-like (an estrogen target gene) on chromosome Ssa03. Additionally, multivariate analyses with RF identified that these 3 SNPs plus 15 additional SNPs explained up to 60% of trait variation. These candidate SNPs may provide the ability to predict adult migration-timing of steelhead to facilitate conservation management of this species and this study demonstrates the benefit of multivariate analyses for association studies.
Data from: A tale of two seasons: the link between seasonal migration and climatic niches in passerine birds.
<p class="MsoCommentText">The question of whether migratory birds track a specific climatic niche by seasonal movements has important implications for understanding the evolution of migration, the factors affecting species' distributions and the responses of migrants to climate change. Despite much research, previous studies of bird migration have produced mixed results. However, whether migrants track climate is only one half of the question, the other being why residents remain in the same geographic range year-round. We provide a literature overview and test the hypothesis of seasonal niche tracking by evaluating seasonal climatic niche overlap across 437 migratory and resident species from eight clades of passerine birds. Seasonal climatic niches were based on a new global dataset of breeding and non-breeding ranges. Overlap between climatic niches was quantified using ordination methods. We compared niche overlap of migratory species to two null expectations, 1) a scenario in which they do not migrate and 2) in comparison to the overlap experienced by closely related resident species, while controlling for breeding location and range size. Partly in accordance with the hypothesis of niche tracking, we found that the overlap of breeding vs. non-breeding climatic conditions in migratory species was greater than the overlap they would experience if they did not migrate. However, this was only true for migrants breeding outside the tropics and only relative to the overlap species would experience if they stayed in the breeding range year-round. In contrast to the hypothesis of niche tracking, migratory species experienced lower seasonal climatic niche overlap than resident species, with significant differences between tropical and non-tropical species. Our study suggests that in seasonal non-tropical environments migration away from the breeding range may serve to avoid seasonally harsh climate; however, different factors may drive seasonal movements in the climatically more stable tropical regions.</p>
Data from: Tracking migration of black-headed buntings Emberiza melanocephala reveals the Iranian Plateau as an ecological barrier along the Indo-European flyway
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>The black-headed bunting is one of the few species that migrate along the Indo- European flyway, and its migration routes and phenology are poorly understood. We provide the first individual-based year-round tracking study describing route choice and timing of black-headed buntings migrating from a breeding site in Croatia to a 6000 km distant non-breeding region in Maharashtra, Central India. To evaluate landscapes important for the black-headed bunting migration, we quantified land covers and climates along the migration corridor. Stopover areas during the post-breeding migration were concentrated in four distinct regions: the Balkan Peninsula, central Anatolia, along with the Zagros Mountain range and from the Indus River delta to the Kathiawar Peninsula. Post-breeding migration routes followed the shortest path connecting breeding and non-breeding sites, except for the initial detour from the breeding sites to the first stopovers at the Balkan Peninsula. The pre-breeding migration routes occur along the Arabian Peninsula, about 1000 km south of the post-breeding routes – creating a clockwise loop migration pattern. Post-breeding migration lasted about two months, whereas pre-breeding migration was almost two times shorter, conforming to energy- and time-minimisation strategies, respectively. During the postbreeding migration, birds seem to track ecological niches found on their breeding grounds. Post-breeding stopover areas were rich in mosaic lands and were in warm and dry climates of Mediterranean character, while forests and bare areas, as well as arid and humid climates, were avoided.</p> <p> </p>
DATA: Oxygen isotope composition of final chamber of planktic foraminifera provides evidence for vertical migration and depth integrated growth
<p>Dataset from "Oxygen isotope composition of final chamber of planktic foraminifera provides evidence for vertical migration and depth integrated growth". Three files that represent: all data (stable isotope, weight, size) for T. sacculifer; all data (stable isotope, weight, size) for G. ruber and N.dutertrei and individual final chamber and remaining shell for T. sacculifer.</p>
Examining the use of Dynamic Data when undertaking Monolith to Microservice Architecture Migration
<p>A spreadsheet that shows the process of the Rapid Review protocol conducted in this MSc thesis.</p> <p> </p> <p>The IEEE search engine was used to retrieve quality, peer-reviewed papers. The search for primary studies in IEEE was restricted between 2015 and 2021 inclusive. The time frame commenced in 2015 as it was the year that microservice architecture started to gain traction in the industry and academia. Topics were identified such as; Monolith, Microservices, Migration and Dynamic Data. </p> <p>The selection procedure was based on the following criteria:</p> <ul> <li>The study must be in English.</li> <li>The study must be a primary study.</li> <li>The study must be in the context of migrating a monolith architecture to a microservice architecture using a dynamic data collection tool to gather dynamic data.</li> <li>The migration context of the study must be in Java as it is widely used when building enterprise software.</li> </ul> <p>The procedure was defined in 3 stages in which the set of criteria was applied. The first stage involved reading the title and keywords of the articles; the second stage involved reviewing the abstract of each article, and finally, the third stage involved a complete reading of each article.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Examining the use of Dynamic Data when undertaking Monolith to Microservice Architecture Migration
<p>A spreadsheet that shows the selected studies from conducting the Rapid Review protocol in this MSc thesis. The steps can be seen in this <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7174010#.Y2ZXkuzP0UF">link</a>.</p>
Data for: Genomic variation across Chinook salmon populations reveals effects of a duplication on migration alleles and supports fine scale structure
<p>Distribution of ecotypic variation in natural populations is influenced by neutral and adaptive evolutionary forces that are challenging to disentangle without understanding of genomic architecture for phenotypic traits. This study provides a high-resolution portrait of genomic variation in Chinook salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus</em> <em>tshawytscha</em>) with emphasis on a region of major effect for ecotypic variation in migration timing. With a filtered dataset of ~13 million SNPs from low coverage whole genome resequencing of 53 populations (3,566 barcoded individuals), we contrasted patterns of genomic variation within and among major lineages and examined the extent of a selective sweep at a major effect region underlying migration timing (GREB1L/ROCK1). Allele frequency variation in GREB1L/ROCK1 was highly correlated with mean migration timing for early- and late-run populations within each of the lineages (r<sup>2</sup> between 0.58–0.95; P < 0.001). However, the extent of selection within the genomic region controlling migration timing was much narrower in one lineage (interior stream-type) compared to the other two major lineages which corresponded to the breadth of phenotypic variation in migration timing observed among lineages. Evidence of a duplicated block within GREB1L/ROCK1 may be responsible for reduced recombination in this portion of the genome and contributes to phenotypic variation within and across lineages. Lastly, SNP positions across GREB1L/ROCK1 were assessed for their utility in discriminating migration timing among lineages, and we recommend multiple markers nearest the duplication to provide highest accuracy in conservation applications such as those that aim to protect early migrating Chinook salmon. These results highlight the need to investigate variation throughout the genome and the effects of structural variants on ecologically relevant phenotypic variation in natural species.</p>
Detection of Ore-forming Elements Migrated from Rock and Soil to Vegetation Leaves using Hyperspectral Data
<p>In this paper we present the detection of ore-forming elements migrated from soil and rock to vegetation leaves using hyperspectral data. The rock, soil (C, B, A layer) and vegetation (root, stem, leaf) samples with the measurements of spectra and element concentrations in the vertical section of the abandoned pits were collected. The wavelet approach is applied to analyze the correlations between spectral features and element concentrations. The results show that the significant correlations are found at a lower order mother wavelets such as Haar. Moreover, the significant correlations are negative between Cu and Mo elements and the wavelet energy vector of the soil and rock to vegetation leaves spectrum. The results also show that ore-forming elements migrated from rock and soil to vegetation leaves can be detected using hyperspectral data in the study area.</p>
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