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2,060 results for “Papua New Guinea”
FIGURE 1 A–O in Gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys levipes and P. mollis (Rodentia Muridae) from Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of three new genera and nine new species (Nematoda)
FIGURE 1 A–O. Syphacia dewiae sp. n. A. Male, lateral view; B. Male, en face view; C. Female, en face view; D. Female, anterior end; E. Male, cephalic end lateral view: F. Female, cephalic end lateral view; G. Male, cephalic end dorso-ventral view; H. Male, transverse section anterior end showing cervical alae. I. Female, cephalic end dorso-ventral view; J. Female, transverse section lateral ala; K. Male, posterior end lateral view; L. Male, lateral ala; M. Male, posterior end ventral view; N. Female, excretory pore (anteriorly) and vulva (posteriorly) lateral view; O. Female, tail lateral view. Scale bars in µm: A. O, 200; D, N, 100; K, M, 50; B, C, E, F, G, H, I, J, L, 25.
FIGURE 4 in Gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys levipes and P. mollis (Rodentia Muridae) from Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of three new genera and nine new species (Nematoda)
FIGURE 4. Hughjonestrongylus alisoni sp. n. In all illustrations of the synlophe in transverse section the dorsal aspect of the body is oriented towards the top of the page and the left side of the nematode to the left of the page. The dorsal and ventral (numbers with superscripts) ridges are numbered, as are the lateral rays of the bursa (right rays with superscripts). A. Female, anterior end lateral view; B. Male, mid body transverse section; C. Male, cervical end lateral view; D. Male, bursa dorsal lobe, not completely rolled flat; E. Female, posterior end lateral view; F. Male, bursa left lobe; G. Male, gubernaculum and spicule tip lateral view; H. Male, spicules, anterior end; I. Male, spicule tips; J. Male, bursa right lobe. Scale bars in µm: A, 100; B, C, F, G, H, I, J, 25; D, E, 50.
FIGURE 3. Helgenema keablei gen. n in Gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys levipes and P. mollis (Rodentia Muridae) from Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with the descriptions of three new genera and nine new species (Nematoda)
FIGURE 3. Helgenema keablei gen. n., sp. n. In all illustrations of the synlophe in transverse section the dorsal aspect of the body is oriented towards the top of the page and the left side of the nematode to the left of the page. The dorsal and ventral (numbers with superscripts) ridges are numbered, as are the lateral rays of the bursa (right rays with superscripts). A. Male, transverse section mid body; B. Female, anterior body transverse section; C. Female, anterior end lateral view; D. Spicules, anterior ends; E. Female, mid body transverse section; F. Male, gubernaculum and spicule tip, lateral view. G. Female, posterior body transverse section; H. Female, posterior end lateral view; I. Male, bursa left lobe; J. Male, bursa dorsal lobe; K. Male, bursa right lobe. Scale bars in µm: A, B, E, G, I, J, K, 25; H, 50; D, F, 12.5.
FIGURE 5 in Morphological and molecular description of a new genus and species of black coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia: Antipathidae: Blastopathes) from Papua New Guinea
FIGURE 5. Blastopathes medusa holotype (MTQ G74904): A, branch cluster on stem; B, branch cluster on branch; C, branchlet on branch.
FIGURE 7 in Morphological and molecular description of a new genus and species of black coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia: Antipathidae: Blastopathes) from Papua New Guinea
FIGURE 7. Blastopathes medusa holotype (MTQ G74904): A, single row of polyps on multiple terminal branches; B, interpolypar space on terminal branch.
FIGURE 6 in Morphological and molecular description of a new genus and species of black coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia: Antipathidae: Blastopathes) from Papua New Guinea
FIGURE 6. Blastopathes medusa holotype (MTQ G74906): A, polypar spines on terminal branch; B, abpolypar spines on terminal branch; C, section of terminal branch.
FIGURE 2. Comparison A–B in Morphological and molecular description of a new genus and species of black coral (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia: Antipathidae: Blastopathes) from Papua New Guinea
FIGURE 2. Comparison A–B, branching characteristics of Allopathes denhartogi and Blastopathes medusa (A from A. denhartogi holotype RMNH Coel. 31293, B from B. medusa holotype MTQ G74904); comparison C–D, spine characteristics of A. denhartogi and A. medusa (C from A. denhartogi schizoholotype USNM 1014577, D from B. medusa holotype MTQ G74904)
Data from: Ecological incumbency impedes stochastic community assembly in Holocene foraminifera from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea
Persistence in the structure of ecological communities can be predicted both by deterministic and by stochastic theory. Evaluating ecological patterns against the neutral theory of biodiversity provides an appropriate methodology for differentiating between these alternatives. We traced the history of benthic foraminiferal communities from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. From the well-preserved uplifted reef terrace at Bonah River we reconstructed the benthic foraminiferal communities during a 2200-year period (9000–6800 yr B.P.) of reef building during the Holocene transgressive sea-level rise. We found that the similarity of foraminiferal communities was consistently above 60%, even when comparing communities on either side of a massive volcanic eruption that smothered the existing reef system with ash. Similarly, species diversity and rank dominance were unchanged through time. However, similarity dropped dramatically in the final stages of reef growth, when accommodation space was reduced as sea-level rise slowed. We compared the community inertia index (CII) computed from the observed species abundances with that predicted from neutral theory. Despite the differences in foraminiferal community composition in the younger part of the reef sequence, we found an overall greater degree of community inertia with less variance in observed communities than was predicted from neutral theory, regardless of foraminiferal community size or species migration rate. Thus, persistent species assemblages could not be ascribed to neutral predictions. Ecological incumbency of established foraminiferal species likely prevented stochastic increases in both migrant and rare taxa at the Bonah River site. Regardless of the structuring mechanisms, our reconstruction of Holocene foraminiferal assemblages provides historical context for the management and potential restoration of degraded species assemblages.
Data from: Blood-stage parasitaemia and age determine Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax gametocytaemia in Papua New Guinea
A better understanding of human-to-mosquito transmission is crucial to control malaria. In order to assess factors associated with gametocyte carriage, 2083 samples were collected in a cross-sectional survey in Papua New Guinea. Plasmodium species were detected by light microscopy and qPCR and gametocytes by detection of pfs25 and pvs25 mRNA transcripts by reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). The parasite prevalence by PCR was 18.5% for Plasmodium falciparum and 13.0% for P. vivax. 52.5% of all infections were submicroscopic. Gametocytes were detected in 60% of P. falciparum-positive and 51% of P. vivax-positive samples. Each 10-fold increase in parasite density led to a 1.8-fold and 3.3-fold increase in the odds of carrying P. falciparum and P. vivax gametocytes. Thus the proportion of gametocyte positive and gametocyte densities was highest in young children carrying high asexual parasite densities and in symptomatic individuals. Dilution series of gametocytes allowed absolute quantification of gametocyte densities by qRT-PCR and showed that pvs25 expression is 10-20 fold lower than pfs25 expression. Between 2006 and 2010 parasite prevalence in the study site has decreased by half. 90% of the remaining infections were asymptomatic and likely constitute an important reservoir of transmission. However, mean gametocyte densities were low (approx. 1-2 gametocyte/μL) and it remains to be determined to what extent low-density gametocyte positive individuals are infective to mosquitos.
Data from: Elevational filtering and the evolution of planthoppers (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) in Papua New Guinea
Along elevational gradients, phylogenetic relatedness patterns constitute a considerable source of information, and may shed light on ecological processes that structure communities. This study focuses on community phylogenetic structure of planthoppers, specifically the species-rich and abundant Fulgoromorpha families (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha), Cixiidae and Derbidae+Achilidae, along an elevational gradient on Mount Wilhelm (Papua New Guinea). In order to assess the factors driving planthoppers community composition, we recorded abundance data for planthoppers species at each elevation and we generated a molecular phylogeny of the local species, using Bayesian Inference. We analyzed 168 individuals representing 59 local morphospecies. Using a fully resolved and well-supported phylogeny, we then investigated the phylogenetic structure of the communities by performing a Spatial Analysis of Community Diversity. We show that Cixiidae are phylogenetically clustered along the elevational gradient, whereas Derbidae+Achilidae harbour a random structure, suggesting that local adaptation to elevation shapes community structure of Cixiidae, but not that of Derbidae+Achilidae. Our findings highlight the importance of phylogenies in the study of tropical elevational gradients.
Data from: Quantifying the human impacts on Papua New Guinea reef fish communities across space and time
Describing the drivers of species loss and of community change are important goals in both conservation and ecology. However, it is difficult to determine whether exploited species decline due to direct effects of harvesting or due to other environmental perturbations brought about by proximity to human populations. Here we quantify differences in species richness of coral reef fish communities along a human population gradient in Papua New Guinea to understand the relative impacts of fishing and environmental perturbation. Using data from published species lists we categorize the reef fishes as either fished or non-fished based on their body size and reports from the published literature. Species diversity for both fished and non-fished groups decreases as the size of the local human population increases, and this relationship is stronger in species that are fished. Additionally, comparison of modern and museum collections show that modern reef communities have proportionally fewer fished species relative to 19th century ones. Together these findings show that the reef fish communities of Papua New Guinea experience multiple anthropogenic stressors and that even at low human population levels targeted species experience population declines across both time and space.
Data from: Biodiversity inventories and conservation of the marine fishes of Bootless Bay, Papua New Guinea
BACKGROUND: The effective management and conservation of biodiversity is predicated on clearly defined conservation targets. Species number is frequently used as a metric for conservation prioritization and monitoring changes in ecosystem health. We conducted a series of synoptic surveys focusing on the fishes of the Bootless Bay region of Papua New Guinea to generate a checklist of fishes of the region. Bootless Bay lies directly south of Port Moresby, the capital of Papua New Guinea, and experiences the highest human population density of any marine area in the country. Our checklist will set a baseline against which future environmental changes can be tracked RESULTS: We generated a checklist of 488 fish species in 72 families found in Bootless Bay during a two-week sampling effort. Using incident-based methods of species estimation, we extrapolate there to be approximately 940 fish species in Bootless Bay, one of the lowest reported numbers in Papua New Guinea. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the Bootless Bay ecosystem of Papua New Guinea, while diverse in absolute terms, has lower fish biodiversity compared to other shallow marine areas within the country. These differences in faunal diversity, are most likely a combination of unequal sampling effort as well as biophysical factors within Bootless Bay compounded by historical and/or contemporary anthropogenic disturbances.
Data from: Elasmobranch bycatch in the demersal prawn trawl fishery in the Gulf of Papua, Papua New Guinea
The elasmobranch bycatch of the Gulf of Papua Prawn Fishery is investigated in detail for the first time. Fisheries observers collected data on the elasmobranch bycatch from a total of 403 trawl sets (1,273 hrs) in the Gulf of Papua. A total of 40 species of elasmobranchs were recorded ranging in size from a 12 cm disc width stingray to a 350 cm total length sawfish. High mortality rates were recorded (>80%), attributed to the long trawl durations (up to 4 hours). The future inclusion of bycatch reduction devices would likely reduce the number of larger elasmobranchs being caught and is being investigation by the PNG National Fisheries Authority. Differences in catch compositions were detected across the management zones as well as between the two monsoonal seasons (SE Monsoon and NW Monsoon). Increased monitoring and additional research is required and management plans should address the elasmobranch bycatch and in particular their high mortality rate.
FIGURES 2–3. Limnebius acupunctus. —2 in Limnebius acupunctus, a new species of water beetle from Australia and Papua New Guinea (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)
FIGURES 2–3. Limnebius acupunctus. —2. Aedeagus of holotype. —3. Aedeagus of specimen from Northern Territory, Adelaide River at Daly River Road crossing.
FIGURES 1–8 in A taxonomic revision of the kalshoveni species-group of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg (Lepidoptera, Adelidae), with descriptions of six new species from Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
FIGURES 1–8. Adults of Nemophora kalshoveni species-group. 1, N. kalshoveni Diakonoff, 1951, male, from Cisaura; 2, N. humerella sp. nov., male, holotype, from Sangir Island; 3, N. agassizi sp. nov., female, holotype, from Wabag; 4, N. dohertyi sp. nov., male, holotype, from Fakfak; 5, N. bistrigata sp. nov., male, holotype, from Jayapura; 6, N. toxopeusi sp. nov., female, holotype, from Irian Jaya; 7, N. stenopterella sp. nov., female, holotype, from Irian Jaya; 8, labels of the holotype of N. kalshoveni Diakonoff. Scale: 2 mm.
FIGURES 18-37 in A taxonomic revision of the kalshoveni species-group of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg (Lepidoptera, Adelidae), with descriptions of six new species from Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
FIGURES 18-37. Male genitalia of Nemophora kalshoveni species-group. 18–22, N. kalshoveni Diakonoff; 23–27, N. humerella sp. nov.; 28–32, N. dohertyi sp. nov.; 33–37, N. bistrigata sp. nov. 18, 23, 28, 33: genital complex, ventral view (right valva not shown); 19, 24, 29, 34: genital complex, lateral view; 20, 25, 30, 35: juxta; 21, 26, 31, 36: phallus, ventral view; 22, 27, 32, 37: phallus, lateral view. Scale: 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 38–41 in A taxonomic revision of the kalshoveni species-group of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg (Lepidoptera, Adelidae), with descriptions of six new species from Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
FIGURES 38–41. Male genitalia of Nemophora kalshoveni species-group. 38–39, N. kalshoveni Diakonoff, gen. prep. 29460 (NHM); 40–41, N. dohertyi sp. nov., holotype, gen. prep. 29459 (NHM); 38, 40: genital complex, ventral view; 39: phallus, ventral view; 41: phallus, lateral view. Scale: 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 10–17 in A taxonomic revision of the kalshoveni species-group of the genus Nemophora Hoffmannsegg (Lepidoptera, Adelidae), with descriptions of six new species from Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
FIGURES 10–17. Forewing pattern and venation of Nemophora kalshoveni species-group. 10, N. kalshoveni Diakonoff; 11, N. humerella sp. nov.; 12, N. agassizi sp. nov.; 13, N. dohertyi sp. nov.; 14, 16, N. bistrigata sp. nov.; 15, N. toxopeusi sp. nov.; 17 N. stenopterella sp. nov. Scale: 2 mm.
FIGURE 12. Fistulococcus intsiae. Secondinstar male nymph. For lettering see Fig 8 except M in Fistulococcus, a new genus of soft scale insect (Sternorrhyncha, Coccidae) proposed for two new species from Hong Kong and Papua New Guinea
FIGURE 12. Fistulococcus intsiae. Secondinstar male nymph. For lettering see Fig 8 except M = ventral seta.
FIGURE 11 in Fistulococcus, a new genus of soft scale insect (Sternorrhyncha, Coccidae) proposed for two new species from Hong Kong and Papua New Guinea
FIGURE 11. Fistulococcus intsiae. Firstinstar nymph (sex not determined). For lettering, see Fig. 8 except that A = 1stinstar form of dorsal chambered duct, and D = dorsal "trilocular" pore.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.