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FIG. 8 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 8. Comparisons of molar tooth dimensions (in mm) between T. wilsoni and T. robustus (T. wilsoni in triangle and T. robustus in circle).

FIG. 6 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 6. Partial skull and mandibles of Tamquammys robustus. A–C, V17778.1, dorsal, ventral and left lateral views of the skull; D–E, V17772.7, lingual and labial views of the right mandible; F, V17772.2, labial view of the left mandible; G, V17778.1, left DP4–M2 (with the maxillary bone photographically removed). All are to the same scale except G.

FIG. 7 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 7. Cheek teeth of Tamquammys robustus in occlusal view. A, V17779.127, left P4; B, V17779.167, right P4; C, V17779.309, left M1; D, V17779.353, right M1; E, V17779.534, left M2; F, V17779.591, right M2; G–H, V17779.621, V17779.625, left M3; I, V17779.3, left P3; J, V17779.30, right P3; K, V17779.65, left DP4; L, V17779.95, right DP4; M, V17780.75, right p4; N, V17780.42, left p4; O, V17780.2, left dp4; P, V17780.28, right dp4; Q–R, V17780.108, V17780.125, left m1; S, V17780.220, left m2; T, V17780.310, right m2; U, V17780.360, left m3; V, V17780.404, right m3.

FIG. 4 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 4. Cheek teeth of Tamquammys wilsoni in occlusal view. A, V17793.201, left P4; B, V17793.303, right P4; C–D, V17793.307, V17793.369, left M1; E, V17793.556, left M2; F, V17793.663, right M2; G, V17793.696, left M3; H, V17793.172, left DP4; I, V17793.180, right DP4; J–K, V17793.9, V17793.80, left P3; L, V17794.4, left dp4; M, V17794.36, right dp4; N, V17794.37, left p4; O, V17794.69, right p4; P, V17794.128, left m1; Q, V17794.179, right m1; R–S, V17794.245, V17794.292, left m2; T, V17794.458, left m3; U, V17794.538, right m3.

FIG. 14. A, right m1 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 14. A, right m1 or m2 of Yuomys sp. A (V17805); B, right M3 of Yuomys sp. B (V17806); C, right m3 of Yuomys sp. C (V17807).

FIG. 3 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 3. Fragmentary maxillae and mandibles of Tamquammys wilsoni in occlusal view. A, V17790, a right maxilla with P3–M3; B, V17785.1, a right maxilla with P3–M2; C, V17786.2, a right mandible with p4–m3; D, V17787.5, a right mandible with dp4–m2.

FIG. 2 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 2. Stratigraphic distribution of ctenodactyloid taxa in the Huheboerhe-Nuhetingboerhe area, plotted on a composite section modified from Wang et al. (2010). Fossil horizons are denoted as, in ascending order, NM-1 to NM-4 in the Nomogen Formation, AS-1 to AS-6 in the Arshanto Formation, and IM-1 to IM-2 in the Irdin Manha Formation) (modified from Wang et al., 2010: fig. 2). Black squares indicate occurrences of ctenodactyloid species from the fossil horizons that were described in this study.

FIG. 5 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 5. Cheek teeth of Tamquammys robustus. A, V17770.1, an adult left maxillary fragment with M1–3; B, V17772.5, an adult right mandible fragment with p4–m3; C, V17773.5, a juvenile right mandible fragment with dp4–m3.

FIG. 1 in New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids

FIG. 1. Diagram showing the terminology applied to ctenodactyloid dental morphology (anterior to the left and labial to the top) (modified from Wang, 1997; Tong, 1997; Meng and Wyss, 2001).

Fig. 40. Schaffneropsallus oaxacensis. A in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 40. Schaffneropsallus oaxacensis. A. Lateral view of head. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-efferent system. C. Detail of metathoracic scent-efferent evaporatory area. D. Frontolateral view of pretarsus. E. Lateral view of pygophore, tubercle at upper left. F. Detail of setae on tubercle of pygophore.

Fig. 43 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 43. Paralogy-free trees portraying biogeographic relationships of Phymatopsallus-group taxa (see text for explanation).

Fig. 32 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 32. Phymatopsallus patagoniae: Male genitalia (male 1, AMNH_PBI 00068597; male 2, 00068661; male 3, 00068652).

Fig. 30 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 30. Phymatopsallus acaciae: Male genitalia (male 1, AMNH_PBI 00062324; male 2, 00071888); female genitalia (AMNH_PBI 00097049).

Fig. 27. Knightopsallus portalensis. A in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 27. Knightopsallus portalensis. A. Lateral view of head. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-efferent system. C. Frontal view of pretarsus. D. Antennal segments 1 and 2. E. Lateral view of male abdomen, showing extruded vesica. F. Dorsal view of male pygophore (right paramere missing).

Fig. 22 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 22. Ceratopsallus septentrionalis: Male genitalia (upper, AMNH_PBI 00062810; lower, AMNH_PBI 00077235; vesicae drawn at 50% of scale of other structures).

Fig. 42 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 42. Phylogenetic relationships of Phymatopsallus-group taxa. Characters showing no homoplasy are indicated by filled circles; characters showing homoplasy are indicated by open circles (See text for explanation of methods).

Fig. 24. Cercocarpopsallus bispinosus. A in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 24. Cercocarpopsallus bispinosus. A. Lateral view of head. B. Mesothoracic spiracle and metathoracic scent-efferent system. C. Setae on hemelytron. D. Detail of patch of specialized setae on left side of male pygophore (arrow indicates low tubercle and setal patch on pygophore). E. Frontoventral view of pretarsus. F. Dorsal view of male pygophore.

Fig. 17 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 17. Ceratopsallus pintoi: Male genitalia (male 1, AMNH_PBI 00082262, vesica drawn at 50% scale of other structures; male 2, AMNH_PBI 00063239;); female genitalia (AMNH_PBI 00082902).

Fig. 18 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 18. Ceratopsallus plautus: Male genitalia (AMNH_PBI 00071806, vesica only; 00071801, other genitalic structures); female genitalia (AMNH_PBI 00071815).

Fig. 41 in Revision, Phylogenetic, Biogeographic, And Host Analyses Of The Endemic Western North American Phymatopsallus Group, With The Description Of 9 New Genera And 15 New Species (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylinae)

Fig. 41. Schaffneropsallus oaxacensis: Male genitalia (AMNH_PBI 00058288; 00058287, right paramere only); female genitalia (AMNH_PBI 00058289).