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Figure 10 in Anatomy and phylogenetic value of the mandibular and coronoid canals and their associated foramina in proboscideans (Mammalia)
Figure 10. Character mapping analysis of ten mandibular characters on a cladogram of main proboscidean taxa. The original tree by Tassy (1996) was modified (see text for details). Taxa absent from our analysis are shaded. Character changes are displayed by bar with character number over the bar, and evolutionary change below. The changes of the homoplastic character (character 2) are displayed by unfilled bars.
Figure 6 in Anatomy and phylogenetic value of the mandibular and coronoid canals and their associated foramina in proboscideans (Mammalia)
Figure 6. Outline of the path of the mandibular canal in A, Mammut americanum (Mammutidae) and B, Mammuthus primigenius (Elephantidae). The American mastodon exemplifies the primitive condition for elephantoids, with the mandibular canal running labially to the tooth row. In mammoths the mandibular canal is most frequently found lingual to the teeth. Abbreviations: a.m.f., anterior mental foramen; ma.c., mandibular canal; p.m.f., posterior mental canal.
Distribution. Mexico, along Gulf Coast, in Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and Yucatan Peninsula, S to Canal Zone, Panama. in Mormoopidae
Distribution. Mexico, along Gulf Coast, in Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and Yucatan Peninsula, S to Canal Zone, Panama.
Morphological canalization, integration, and plasticity in response to population density in Abutilon theophrasti : Influences of soil conditions and growth stages
<p>Phenotypic integration and developmental canalization have been hypothesized to constrain the degree of phenotypic plasticity, but little evidence exists, probably due to the lack in studies on the relationships among the three processes, especially for plants under different environments. We conducted a field experiment by subjecting plants of <i>Abutilon theophrasti</i> to three densities, under infertile and fertile soil conditions, and analyzing correlations among canalization, integration, and plasticity in a variety of measured morphological traits after 50 and 70 d, to investigate the relationships among the three variables in response to density and how these responses vary with soil conditions and growth stages. Results showed trait canalization decreased, phenotypic integration and the degree of plasticity (absolute plasticity) in traits increased with density. Phenotypic integration often positively correlated with absolute plasticity; whereas correlations between trait canalization and plasticity were insignificant in most cases, with a few positive ones between canalization and absolute plasticity at low and medium densities. As plants grew, these correlations intensified in infertile soil and attenuated in fertile soil. Our findings suggested the complexity of the relationship between canalization and plasticity: decreased canalization is more likely to facilitate active plastic responses under more favorable conditions; whereas increased level of integration should mainly be an outcome of plastic responses. Soil conditions and growth stage may affect responses of these correlations to density via modifying plant size, competition strength and plastic responses in traits. We also predicted that decreased canalization can be advantageous or disadvantageous, and the lack of response to stress may demonstrate a stronger ability of adaptation than passive response, thus should be adaptive plasticity as active response.</p>
Data from: Origin and role of the cerebrospinal fluid bidirectional flow in the central canal
<p>The circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays pivotal roles for body axis formation and brain development. During embryogenesis, CSF is rich in particles and proteins and flows bidirectionally in the central canal. The origins of bidirectional flow and its impact on development are unknown. Experiments combined with modeling and simulations demonstrate that the bidirectionality of CSF flow is generated locally by caudally-polarized motile cilia confined to the ventral wall of the central canal. Such active bidirectional flow of the CSF accelerates the long-range transport of particles propagating rostrally and caudally. In addition, spontaneous muscle contractions increase local CSF flow and consequently enhance long-range transport of extracellular lipidic particles. Focal ablation of the channel connecting brain ventricles to the central canal reduces embryo length, indicating that long-range transport contributes to embryonic growth. Our study also demonstrates that at this early stage, motile cilia ensure the proper formation of the central canal.</p>
Canal del Pont del Diable
Model realitzat amb Zephyr Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Supplementary material 1 from: Vaníčková L, Břízová R, Pompeiano A, Ferreira LL, de Aquino NC, Tavares RF, Rodriguez LD, Mendonça AL, Canal NA, do Nascimento RR (2015) Characterisation of the chemical profiles of Brazilian and Andean morphotypes belonging to the Anastrepha fraterculus complex (Diptera, Tephritidae). In: De Meyer M, Clarke AR, Vera MT, Hendrichs J (Eds) Resolution of Cryptic Species Complexes of Tephritid Pests to Enhance SIT Application and Facilitate International Trade. ZooKeys 540: 193-209. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.540.9649
Table S1. Anastrepha fraterculus male and female characteristic.: Explanation note: Anastrepha fraterculus male (m) and female (f) characteristic cuticular hydrocarbons identified by principal component analyses.
Root Canal Treatment and Demand for Continuing Education among Thai Dental Practitioners
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FIGURE 13 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 13. Phylogram of Siphonophora, including Tottonophyes enigmatica sp. nov. Bootstrap support values are shown at internal nodes. Unlabelled notes have 100/100 support. See methods for more information.
FIGURE 6. Photographs showing A. lateral and B in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 6. Photographs showing A. lateral and B. from distal side of posterior nectophore views of Tiburon Dive 897 holotype specimen of Tottonophyes enigmatica sp. nov. soan and sopn somatocyst of anterior and posterior nectophores, respectively. Scale bar 2 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 2. Schematic representations of canal systems of calycophoran siphonophores. A. Rosacea sp., B. Chelophyes appendiculata. For annotations see Figure 1. h, hydroecium; ml. muscular attachment lamella; pcd, disjunct pedicular canal; so, somatocyst.
FIGURE 8 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 8. Three views of an individual cormidium from Doc Ricketts Dive 105 specimen of Tottonophyes enigmatica sp. nov. The two buds (b) are marked by arrows, and are referred to in the text. Scale bars 0.5mm.
FIGURE 5. A in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 5. A. In situ Frame Grab of Tottonophyes enigmatica sp. nov. taken during Doc Ricketts Dive 105; Specimens of (B) Kephyes hiulcus Grossmann & Lindsay, 2017. and (C) Clausophyes moserae from Pugh, 2006b. Scale bars 2 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 1. Schematic representations of canal systems of physonect nectophores, in lateral view. A. Halistemma sp. (based on Pugh & Baxter, 2014, Figure 14 in partim), B. Bargmannia elongata (based on Pugh, 1999b, Fig. 2C), C. Apolemia uvaria (based on Totton, 1965, Fig. 15). lrc. lateral radial canals; mca, mcd. ascending and descending mantle canal, respectively; mll, mlu. lower and upper parts of muscular attachment lamella, respectively; np. nectosomal palpons; nst. nectosomal stem; pce, pci. external and internal pedicular canal, respectively.
FIGURE 11. A. Gastrozooid and B in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 11. A. Gastrozooid and B. tentillum of specimen Tottonophyes enigmatica sp. nov. collected during Doc Ricketts Dive 552. Scale bars A. 0.5 mm and B. 100 µm.
FIGURE 3 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 3. Schematics showing the diversity in the arrangement of the various canals in the nectophores (Rosacea and Vogtia) or anterior nectophore (Chuniphyes and a diphyid), and the region of attachment of the muscular lamella (shaded). Annotations as for Figures 1 & 2; abs, "ascending branch of somatocyst". The three canals arising from the internal pedicular canal are, from top to bottom the upper, lateral and lower radial canals on the nectosac, except for the diphyid where the bottom canal is the ostial ring canal as the lower canal is virtual. It remains to be determined whether the disjunct or internal portion of the pedicular canal is always present in diphyomorphs. Modified and adapted from Mapstone (2009) Figures 5 & 6.
FIGURE 14 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 14. Proximal portion of the stem of Rosacea cymbiformis delle Chiaje, with buds for siphons, bracts, and gonophores, and the muscular lamellae that bore the nectophores. Reproduced from Bigelow (1911), Plate 2, figure 3. pce. external pedicular canal running through the attachment lamella of the nectophore; sh. siphosomal horn. Scale bar 5 mm.
FIGURE 9. Two individual cormidia from Doc Ricketts Dive 552 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 9. Two individual cormidia from Doc Ricketts Dive 552 specimen of Tottonophyes enigmatica sp. nov. Scale bars 1 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals
FIGURE 10. Bracts (A, B), and gonophore or special cormidial nectophore (C) of Doc Ricketts Dive 105 specimen of Tottonophyes enigmatica sp. nov. hc, hydroecial canals; lrc, lateral radial canal; pci, internal pedicular canal; ph, phyllocyst. Scale bar 0.5mm.
Llars més segures amb el Projecte FIVER - Informatius Canal 9 Radio Televisió Valenciana
<p>Media interview at Valencian TV Canal 9 about European Project FP7-ICT-FIVER on 11 November 2010.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.