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511 results for “climate effects”
Interactive effects of tree species mixture and climate on foliar and woody trait variation in a widely distributed deciduous tree
<p><span>Despite increasing reports of severe drought and heat impacts on forest ecosystems, c</span>ommunity-level processes, which could potentially modulate tree responses to climatic stress, are rarely accounted for. While numerous studies<span> indicate a positive effect of species diversity on a wide range of ecosystem functions and services, little is known about how species interactions influence tree responses to climatic variability. We quantified the intraspecific variation in 16 leaf and wood physiological, morphological, and anatomical traits in mature beech trees (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i> L.) at six sites located along a climatic gradient in the French Alps. At each site, we studied pure beech and mixed stands with silver fir (<i>Abies alba </i>Mill.) or downy oak (<i>Quercus pubescens </i>Willd.). We tested how functional traits differed between the two species mixtures (pure <i>vs</i>. mixed stands) within each site and along the climatic gradient. We found significant changes in many traits along the climatic gradient </span>as conditions progressively got drier and warmer<span>. Independent of the mixture, reduced leaf-level CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation, stomatal size, and thicker leaf cuticles, consistent with a more conservative resource use strategy, were found. At the drier sites, higher foliar stable carbon isotopic composition (</span><span>d</span><sup><span>13</span></sup><span>C), thicker mesophyll tissues, and lower specific leaf area (SLA) in pure stands suggests that beech had more acquisitive traits there compared to mixed stands. At the wetter sites, trees in beech-silver fir mixtures had higher chlorophyll concentration, lower </span><span>d</span><sup><span>13</span></sup><span>C, larger xylem vessels, and higher SLA, suggesting a more acquisitive resource use strategy in mixed stands than in pure stands. </span>Our work revealed that species interactions are significant modulators of functional traits, and that they can be just as important drivers of intraspecific trait variation as climatic conditions. <span>We show that downy oak mixtures lead to an adaptive drought response by common beech in dry environments. In contrast, in milder climates, interactions with silver fir seem to increase beech' resource acquisition and productivity. These findings highlight a strong context-dependency and imply that incorporating local interspecific interactions in research on climate impacts could improve our understanding and predictions of forest dynamics.</span></p>
Supporting Data for Hahn et al. J. Climate: Seasonality in Arctic Warming Driven By Sea Ice Effective Heat Capacity
<p>This dataset includes CESM model experiment output for Hahn et al.: “Seasonality in Arctic Warming Driven By Sea Ice Effective Heat Capacity” submitted to Journal of Climate. Here we provide monthly climatologies averaged over the last thirty years for the Ice, No ice, and No ice, set albedo experiments with preindustrial and doubled CO<sub>2</sub> forcing. The variables hyam, hybm, and P0, useful for interpolating to pressure levels, are included in the FlatSOM1850.Q.nc file.</p>
Climate overrides the effects of land use on the functional composition and diversity of mediterranean reptile assemblages.
<p>Aim: To test the hypothesis that spatial variations in climate and land use explain the distribution and diversity of reptiles' ecological traits in a biodiversity hotspot of the Mediterranean basin.</p> <p>Location: French Mediterranean region</p> <p>Taxon: Reptiles (25 species)</p> <p>Methods: We defined 288 species assemblages from 27858 opportunistic occurrence records within 10 x 10 km square grid cells. Using a RLQ analysis, we investigated the distribution of nine ecological traits describing reptiles' reproductive, dietary and behavioural strategies along environmental gradients formed by 10 climatic, topographic and land-use descriptors. After homogenizing survey effort through rarefaction, we used generalized additive models to assess variations in species richness and several measures of functional diversity and composition along these gradients. </p> <p>Results: Although ecological traits were not structured by environmental gradients at a species level, species richness and all measures of functional diversity varied non-linearly with climate, elevation and secondarily land use. Species richness and body size peaked at intermediate altitudes, indicating a climatic transition zone between Mediterranean and medio-european herpetofaunas. Conversely, functional diversity increased from Mediterranean plains, dominated by urbanization and agriculture, to higher elevations. These changes were associated with shifts towards less productive, more diurnal and more forest-related species.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Species-scale patterns are insufficient to assess regional variations in ecological traits in space. Our results support the hypothesis that climatic limitations in species' distributions, rather than environmental filtering, explain the taxonomic and ecological diversity of reptiles at a regional scale. Although secondary to climate, land abandonment has a strong structuring effect which may contribute to homogenize the composition of reptile assemblages.</p>
Climate and geology overwrite land use effects on soil organic nitrogen cycling on a continental scale
<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Soil fertility and plant productivity are globally constrained by N availability. Proteins are the largest N reservoir in soils and the cleavage of proteins into small peptides and amino acids has been shown to be the rate limiting step in the terrestrial N cycle. However, we are still lacking a profound understanding of the environmental controls of this process. Here we show that integrated effects of climate and soil geochemistry drive protein cleavage across large scales. We measured gross protein depolymerization rates in mineral and organic soils sampled across a 4000-km-long European transect covering a wide range of climates, geologies and land uses. Based on structural equation models we identified that soil organic N cycling was strongly controlled by substrate availability, e.g. by soil protein content. Soil geochemistry was a secondary predictor, by controlling protein stabilization mechanisms and protein availability. Precipitation was identified as the main climatic control on protein depolymerization, by affecting soil weathering and soil organic matter accumulation. In contrast, land use was a poor predictor of protein depolymerization. Our results highlight the need to consider geology and precipitation effects on soil geochemistry when estimating and predicting soil N cycling at large scales.</p>
Data for Spaulding-Astudillo and Mitchell (2023), "Effects of varying saturation vapor pressure on climate, clouds, and convection"
<p>Data for Spaulding-Astudillo and Mitchell (2023), "Effects of varying saturation vapor pressure on climate, clouds, and convection"</p> <p>The main directories have a common nomenclature: e.g., TEST_1360_FSC_288K_1p0, where 1360 is the insolation, FSC indicates that it is a full-sky radiation run, 288 K is the initial surface temperature, and the multiplicative factor on the saturation vapor pressure of water is 1p0, meaning 1.0. </p> <p>In every directory, each .nc file contains 5 years of model output. There are 5 types of .nc files, which correspond to different output streams of ECHAM6. The main output stream is ..._echam.nc.</p>
Effects of winter wheat irrigation on local climate and extreme events over the North China by using the high resolution non-hydrostatic regional climate model
<p>The control and irrigation simulation dataset from RegCM4.7.</p>
Climate change effects on animal presence in the Massaciuccoli Lake hydrographic basin
<p>Data of the "Climate change effects on animal presence in the Massaciuccoli Lake hydrographic basin" by Coro et al. 2023</p>
The Effectiveness of a Classroom-based Intervention Promoting a Prosocial Classroom Climate in Children
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05891067. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effect of"Green Future With Midwife Hands"Climate Change Animation on Mothers' Climate Change Awareness and Behavior
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06640556. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Phylogeography in continuous space: coupling species distribution models and circuit theory to assess the effect of contiguous migration at different climatic periods on genetic differentiation in Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
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Data from: Egg size investment in superb fairy-wrens: helper effects are modulated by climate
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Data from: Variable effects of a changing climate on lay dates and productivity across the range of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker
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Data from: The effect of competition on responses to drought and interannual climate variability of a dominant conifer tree of western North America
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Data from: Anticipated climate warming effects on bull trout habitats and populations across the interior Columbia River basin
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Data from: Effects of climatic and geological processes during the Pleistocene on the evolutionary history of the northern cavefish, Amblyopsis spelaea (Teleostei: Amblyopsidae)
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Data from: Climate effects on life cycle variation and population genetic architecture of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae
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Climate effects on nesting phenology in Nebraska turtles
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Data from: Climatic effects on population declines of a rare wetland species and the role of spatial and temporal isolation as barriers to hybridization
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Data from: Sex-specific effects of fisheries and climate on the demography of sexually dimorphic seabirds
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Data from: Climate effects on fish body size-trophic position relationship depend on ecosystem type
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.