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504 results for “pores”
A pore-forming protein drives macropinocytosis to facilitate toad water maintaining
<p>Maintaining water balance is a real challenge for amphibians in terrestrial environments. Our previous studies with toad <em>Bombina maxima</em> discovered a pore-forming protein and trefoil factor complex βγ-CAT, which is assembled under tight regulation depending on environmental cues. Here we report an unexpected role for βγ-CAT in toad water maintaining. Deletion of toad skin secretions, in which βγ-CAT is a major component, increased animal mortality under hypertonic stress. βγ-CAT was constitutively expressed in toad osmoregulatory organs, which was inducible under the variation of osmotic conditions. The protein induced and participated in macropinocytosis in vivo and in vitro. During extracellular hyperosmosis, βγ-CAT stimulated macropinocytosis to facilitate water import and enhanced exosomes release, which simultaneously regulated aquaporins distribution. Collectively, these findings uncovered that besides membrane-integrated aquaporin, a secretory pore-forming protein can facilitate toad water maintaining via macropinocytosis induction and exocytosis modulation, especially in responses to osmotic stress.</p>
From pore scale to reservoir scale: Quality evaluation of pore structures and the unconventional reservoirs
<p>This file contains the 2D image analysis data, the analysis data of 3D mercury intrusion of each type of pore structure facies, and the calculation source of the sweet spot index of the reservoir, and the sedimentary facies map of the Liushagang Formation in the Weixinan Depression, South China Sea. This data set is a supplement information to the paper "From pore scale to reservoir scale: Quality evaluation of pore structures and the unconventional reservoirs"(Submitted).</p>
FIGURES 15–18. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n in A new species of Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum (Acari: Ameroseiidae), with notes on the cheliceral lobes and ventral pore-like structures of mites of this family
FIGURES 15–18. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n. sp. 15. Protonymph, dorsum of idiosoma; 16. Protonymph, venter of idiosoma; 17. Larva, dorsum of idiosoma; 18. Larva, venter of idiosoma. Pores and lyrifissures enlarged to allow their differentiation.
FIGURES 9–12. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n in A new species of Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum (Acari: Ameroseiidae), with notes on the cheliceral lobes and ventral pore-like structures of mites of this family
FIGURES 9–12. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n. sp. male. 9. Chelicera and spermatodactyl; 10. Dorsum of idiosoma; 11. Venter of idiosoma; 12. Dorsal view of femur, genu and tibia of leg IV. Pores and lyrifissures enlarged to allow their differentiation.
FIGURES 1–8. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n in A new species of Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum (Acari: Ameroseiidae), with notes on the cheliceral lobes and ventral pore-like structures of mites of this family
FIGURES 1–8. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n. sp. female. 1. Chelicera; 2. Epistome; 3. Ventral view of gnatosoma; 4. Dorsum of idiosoma; 5. Venter of idiosoma; 6. Proximal section of peritreme and associated structures (a: unsclerotised cuticle; b: exopodal shield; c: peritrematic shield); 7. Part of spermathecal apparatus; 8. Pre-tarsus of leg I. Pores and lyrifissures enlarged to allow their differentiation.
FIGURES 13–14. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n in A new species of Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum (Acari: Ameroseiidae), with notes on the cheliceral lobes and ventral pore-like structures of mites of this family
FIGURES 13–14. Neocypholaelaps kreiteri n. sp. deutonymph. 13. Dorsum of idiosoma; 14, Venter of idiosoma. Pores and lyrifissures enlarged to allow their differentiation.
FIGURES – 7. SEM images of Craspedostauros laevissimus from different populations. 42. Close up of the central area externally, showing the weakly expanded central raphe endings and the cribrate areolae with usually four to five peripheral pores and up to one central pore (sample 13). 43. Close up of the central area internally, showing the narrow stauros located in a wider hyaline area, the central raphe endings with double helictoglossa, and the rounded to rectangular areolar openings internally (sample 13). 44. Close up of the apex, showing the bent distal raphe endings, cribrate areoale with up to six peripheral pores and up to two central pores (sample 13). 45. Close ups of both the valve exterior and interior (sample 11), showing the weakly expanded central raphe endings externally; the areolae near the raphe with usually four to five peripheral pores and one central pore; the central raphe endings with double helictoglossa and the rounded areolar openings internally. 46. Internal valve view, showing the narrow transverse rib of silica at the valve center (strauros) and the central raphe endings with double helictoglossa (sample 11). 47. Close up of the apex of the same valve internally, showing the rounded to square or rectangular areolar openings (sample 11). Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 46); 1 μm (Figs 42–45,47). in The genus Craspedostauros E.J.Cox (Bacillariophyta) on the coasts of Livingston Island, Maritime Antarctica
FIGURES – 7. SEM images of Craspedostauros laevissimus from different populations. 42. Close up of the central area externally, showing the weakly expanded central raphe endings and the cribrate areolae with usually four to five peripheral pores and up to one central pore (sample 13). 43. Close up of the central area internally, showing the narrow stauros located in a wider hyaline area, the central raphe endings with double helictoglossa, and the rounded to rectangular areolar openings internally (sample 13). 44. Close up of the apex, showing the bent distal raphe endings, cribrate areoale with up to six peripheral pores and up to two central pores (sample 13). 45. Close ups of both the valve exterior and interior (sample 11), showing the weakly expanded central raphe endings externally; the areolae near the raphe with usually four to five peripheral pores and one central pore; the central raphe endings with double helictoglossa and the rounded areolar openings internally. 46. Internal valve view, showing the narrow transverse rib of silica at the valve center (strauros) and the central raphe endings with double helictoglossa (sample 11). 47. Close up of the apex of the same valve internally, showing the rounded to square or rectangular areolar openings (sample 11). Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 46); 1 μm (Figs 42–45,47).
Raw data for: Sublytic gasdermin-D pores captured in atomistic molecular simulations
<p>This archive contains data and code related to "Sublytic gasdermin-D pores captured in atomistic molecular simulations" by Schaefer & Hummer. Included are molecular dynamics parameter files, initial structures after system equilibration, final structures after production, subsampled production trajectories, and python scripts used for analysis. </p> <p>Publication doi: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.81432<br> <br> Contact information:<br> Name: Stefan L. Schaefer<br> Institution: Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics<br> Address: Max-von-Laue-Str. 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany<br> Email: stefan.schaefer@biophys.mpg.de</p>
Pore-scale modeling and investigation on thermal-hydro-mechanical-chemical coupled rock dissolution and fracturing process
<p>Attached files include the executable file of the pore-scale multi-field coupled LBM-DEM program written by C language, post-processing programs to record the reactive surface area and reactive temperature written by MATLAB, and the simulation results of rock acid fracturing with 20MPa at the injection hole.</p>
Trapped Pore Waters in the Open Proton Channel Hv1
<p>The voltage-gated proton channel, Hv1, is crucial for innate immune responses. According to alternative hypotheses, protons either hop on top of an uninterrupted water wire or bypass titratable amino acids, interrupting the water wire halfway across the membrane. To distinguish between both hypotheses, the water mobility for the putative case of an uninterrupted wire is estimated. The predicted single-channel water permeability 2.3 × 10<sup>-12</sup>cm<sup>3</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> reflects the permeability-governing number of hydrogen bonds between water molecules in single-file configuration and pore residues. However, the measured unitary water permeability does not confirm the predicted value. Osmotic deflation of reconstituted lipid vesicles reveals negligible water permeability of the Hv1 wild-type channel and the D174A mutant open at 0 mV. The conductance of 1400 H<sup>+</sup>s<sup>-1</sup> per wild-type channel agrees with the calculated diffusion limit for a ≈2 Å capture radius for protons. Removal of a charged amino acid (D174) at the pore mouth decreases H<sup>+</sup> conductance by reducing the capture radius. At least one intervening amino acid contributes to H<sup>+</sup> conductance while interrupting the water wire across the membrane.</p>
How does thermal pressurization of pore fluids affect 3D strike-slip earthquake dynamics and ground motions?
<p>BSSA-TP-31Mar2023-zenodo.tar.gz has all the input files required to simulate forty-nine dynamic rupture models. Note that "SeisSol_release_generatedKernels_dhsw_hybrid_none_9_5" and "TP-3D-final_withXML" are SeisSol executable (compiled on Shaheen II at KAUST) and mesh files respectively. Every simulation folder should have empty "logs" and "output" folders where simulation outputs will be stored.</p>
FIGURES 66–71 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 66–71. Oricymba fanjingensis sp. nov., SEM internal view. 66, 67. Two complete valves. 68. Middle part from Fig. 66, note two slit-like openings of stigma (two arrows) and the central raphe endings invisible because obscured by flap over central nodule (wavy arrow). 69, 70. Apical details from Fig. 66, note the areola internal openings occluded by dentate projections and the marginal ridges (four arrows). 71. Detail from Fig. 70, note the internal apertures of each pervalvar row of foramina. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 66–67), 1 μm (Figs 68–71).
FIGURES 54–59 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 54–59. Oricymba fanjingensis sp. nov., SEM external view. 54. A complete valve, note two marginal ridges (four arrows) and two valve surface ridges (four wavy arrows). 55–57. Details from Fig. 54, note the marginal ridges (arrows), valve surface ridges (wavy arrows), and a groove between the marginal ridge and its adjacent surface ridge (double-headed arrows). 58, 59. Apical details from Fig. 54, note a notch on the dorsal side of distal raphe fissure (two arrows), the differentiated apical pore field clearly separated from the areolae. Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 54, 56–57), 1 μm (Figs 55, 58–59).
FIGURES 40–53 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 40–53. Oricymba fanjingensis sp. nov., LM. 40–53. 14 valves showing a size diminution series, note the apiculate valve apices. Fig. 40. Illustration of holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm (in Fig. 1).
FIGURES 28–33 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 28–33. Oricymba sinensis sp. nov., SEM external view. 28. A tilted frustule, note the marginal ridge on the ventral side of valve is inconspicuous (three black arrows). 29, 30, 32. Details from Fig. 28, note the marginal ridge on the ventral side of valve is very slightly raised (arrows). 31, 33. Apical details from Fig. 30 and Fig. 32 respectively, note the top foramina of apical pore field are elongate (arrows), which are different from the other rounded foramina. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 28), 1 μm (Figs 29–33).
FIGURES 16–21 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 16–21. Oricymba sinensis sp. nov., SEM external view. 16. A tilted frustule, note a marginal ridge present on the dorsal side of valve (three black arrows). 17. Detail from Fig. 16, note the marginal ridge (two black arrows) and shallow depressions in the axial and central area (white arrows). 18, 20. Apical details from Fig. 16, note the marginal ridge (two black arrows), the valve face and the mantle almost met at a right angle, and the abvalvar part of mantle without ornaments (Fig. 20, double-headed arrow). 19, 21. Details from Fig. 18 and Fig. 19, respectively, note a notch on the dorsal side of distal raphe fissure (wavy arrows), the differentiated apical pore field clearly separated from the areolae (straight arrows), and the abvalvar part of mantle without ornaments (double-headed arrows). Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 16), 1 μm (Figs 17–21).
FIGURES 60–65 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 60–65. Oricymba fanjingensis sp. nov., SEM external view. 60–62. Three complete valves, note the marginal ridges and its adjacent surface ridges. 63–65. Details from Fig. 62, note a groove between two adjacent ridges (double-headed arrows). Scale bars = 5 μm (Figs 60–62), 1 μm (Figs 63–65).
FIGURES 1–15 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 1–15. Oricymba sinensis sp. nov., LM. Valves arranged in a size diminution series. Note the conspicuous dorsiventrality. Fig. 1 corresponds to the holotype specimen. Scale bar = 10 μm (in Fig. 1).
FIGURES 22–27 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 22–27. Oricymba sinensis sp. nov., SEM external view. 22. A slightly tilted frustule, note the lateral raphe. 23, 24, 26. Details from Fig. 22, note the areola openings curved or lunate adjacent to the axial area (arrows). 25, 27. Apical details from Fig. 24 and Fig. 26 respectively, note the top foramina of apical pore field are elongate (arrows), which are different from the other rounded foramina. Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 22), 1 μm (Figs 23–27).
FIGURES 34–39 in Two new species of Oricymba (Bacillariophyta) from China, described with reference to the structure of the apical pore field
FIGURES 34–39. Oricymba sinensis sp. nov., SEM internal view. 34. A complete valve, note the internal straight raphe fissure. 35. Middle part from Fig. 34, note two slit-like openings of stigma (two arrows) and the proximal raphe endings not visible as they are obscured by flap above central nodule (two wavy arrows). 36, 38. Apical details from Fig. 34, note the areola internal openings occluded by dentate projections. 37. Detail from Fig. 36, note the apical pore field clearly separated from the other parts of valve (two arrows). 39. Apical detail from another valve not included in this plate, note an undulate flap-like silica strip covering the internal apertures of each pervalvar row of foramina, not completely occluding internal apertures (two arrows). Scale bars = 5 μm (Fig. 34), 1 μm (Figs 35–39).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.