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More Austro-Tai Comparisons and Observations on Vowel Correspondences
<p>In this presentation, 13 new comparisons between Kra-Dai and Austronesian are presented. The comparisons include terms like ‘rattan’, ‘to plant or transplant crops’, ‘derris root used as fish poison’, to be sick; in pain', ‘leech’, and other basic vocabulary terms. In addition, observations on vowel correspondences between final-syllable vowels are discussed. High-vowels in the penultimate syllable caused a split in reflexes of *a. Additionally, there was an unconditioned split affecting schwa, which appears in Kra-Dai and Austronesian examples for which several examples are given.</p>
Root anatomy helps to reconcile observed root trait syndromes in tropical tree species
<p>Studying the organization of functional traits in plant leaves and stems has revealed notable patterns linking function and form; however, evidence of similarly robust organization in root tissues remains controversial. We posit that anatomical traits in roots can provide insight on the overall organization of the root system. We hypothesize that A) size variation in the tissue outside the stele relates in a non-linear fashion with functional traits associated with direct resource uptake, including a negative relationship with root architectural traits; and B) similar relationships detected in tropical areas also hold true in other biomes.</p> <p>We address our hypotheses using empirical data from 24 tropical tree species in French Guiana, including anatomical measurements in first order roots, and functional trait description for the entire fine root system. In addition, we compiled a global meta-analysis of root trait with 500+ forest species across tropical, subtropical and temperate forests.</p> <p>Our results supported the expected non-linear relationships between cortical size and morphological traits, and a negative linear trend with architectural traits. We confirmed a global negative relationship between SRL, diameter and tissue density, suggesting similar anatomical constraints in root systems across woody plants. However the importance of factors vary across biomes, possibly related to the unequal phylogenetic representation of families across latitudes.</p> <p>Our findings imply that the rhizocentric hypothesis can be a valuable approach to understand fine root trait syndromes and the evolution of absorptive roots in vascular plants.</p>
FIGURE5. Panonychus caglei, female, A. leg I, B. leg II, C. leg III, D., leg IV, the red arrow refers to the excessive seta (l') observed on genu IV in few specimens. Right side. in -Redescription-of-Panonychus caglei Mellott,-1968,- with-ontogenetic-development- (Acari:-Tetranychidae)-
FIGURE5. Panonychus caglei, female, A. leg I, B. leg II, C. leg III, D., leg IV, the red arrow refers to the excessive seta (l') observed on genu IV in few specimens. Right side.
Derivative products: "Very Local Interstellar Medium Revealed by Complete Solar Cycle of Interstellar Neutral Helium Observations with IBEX" by Swaczyna et al.
<p>Derivative products from: Swaczyna et al. 2022, "Very Local Interstellar Medium Revealed by Complete Solar Cycle of Interstellar Neutral Helium Observations with IBEX", ApJS, under review</p>
Observed and Simulated Surface Wave and Roller Dissipation with Ground Truth Data at the West Coast of Sylt on Sep 27 - Oct 2, 2016
<p>This dataset contains post-processed Doppler marine radar observations and numerical simulations of surface wave and roller dissipation as well as wave energy flux across the surf zone of a double-barred sandy beach at the island of Sylt, Germany.</p> <p>The methodology to obtain dissipation from coherent marine radar data is described in the following article:</p> <p>Streßer, M., Horstmann J., Baschek, B. (2022): Surface Wave and Roller Dissipation Observed with Shore-based Doppler Marine Radar. Manuscript in preparation.</p> <p>The simulations were realized with with the <a href="https://github.com/mstresser/SimpleWaves1D">SimpleWaves1D</a> model using the <a href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378383907000580">Janssen and Battjes (2007)</a> wave breaking parameterization. The wave buoy data used to force the model was recorded as part of the <a href="https://codm.hzg.de/codm/">COSYNA</a> observation system. The bathymetry transect was generated using the echosounder data of <a href="https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.898407">Cysewski et al. (2019)</a></p> <p>Radar data and and simulation results are re-gridded to a common hourly time grid using nearest neighbor interpolation with the dimension [time x range].</p> <p>Structure of radar observations:</p> <pre><code>CMRgridded = struct with fields: t: [109×1 double] time as Matlab datenum r: [435×1 double] range, i.e. distance from radar antenna [m] cg: [435×109 double] wave group velocity [m/s] cp: [435×109 double] wave phase velocity [m/s] d: [435×109 double] local water depth [m] H_rms_roller: [435×109 double] energy wave height estimated using the roller concept [m] k: [435×109 double] local wave number [rad/m] w: [435×109 double] wave frequency [rad/s] Dr: [435×109 double] roller dissipation [W/m^2] Er: [435×109 double] roller energy [Nm/m^2] Fr: [435×109 double] flux of roller energy [W/m] Dw: [435×109 double] wave dissipation [W/m^2]</code></pre> <p>Structure of the simulation results:</p> <pre><code>SWgridded = struct with fields: t: [109×1 double] timestamp as Matlab datenum r: [435×1 double] range, i.e. distance from radar antenna [m] cg: [435×109 double] wave group velocity [m/s] cp: [435×109 double] wave phase velocity [m/s] d: [435×109 double] local water depth [m] H_rms: [435×109 double] energy wave height [m] E: [435×109 double] wave energy [Nm/m^2] Dr: [435×109 double] roller dissipation [W/m^2] Dw: [435×109 double] wave dissipation [W/m^2] Er: [435×109 double] roller energy [Nm/m^2] Qb: [435×109 double] fraction of breaking waves [-]</code></pre> <p> </p> <p>Ground truth data is available from two bottom mounted pressure wave gauges (PG) located at r=127.5 m (PG<sub>A</sub>) and r=180 m (PG<sub>B</sub>) and a wave rider buoy located at r=1100 m. </p> <p>Structure of the ground truth data;</p> <pre><code>PG = struct with fields: t: [209×1 double] timestamp as Matlab datenum Hs_pg_A: [209×1 double] significant wave height at the pressure gauge A Hs_pg_B: [209×1 double] significant wave height at the pressure gauge B WR = struct with fields: t: [1344×1 double] timestamp as Matlab datenum Hs: [1344×1 double] significant wave height [m] Dirp: [1344×1 double] wave direction at the peak frequency [°] Tp: [1344×1 double] peak period [s] Tmean: [1344×1 double] mean period, or Tm(0,1) [s] Tcross: [1344×1 double] zero-upcross period [s] Sprp: [1344×1 double] directional spread at the peak frequency [°] </code></pre> <p> </p> <p>The data is stored in Matlab<sup>®</sup> v7.3 format. Timestamps are given as Matlab<sup>®</sup> datenum, i.e. whole and fractional number of days from January 0, 0000.</p> <p> </p>
Snow and sea ice observations during the field phase of MOSAiC
<p>Measurements of discrete and continous snow and sea ice measurements during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition of the research vessel Polarstern in the Arctic Ocean from October 2019 to September 2020. The tables contain the observational dates from various methods as described in Nicolaus et al. (2021). The dates refer to Figure 3 in this publication.</p> <p> </p> <p>Reference:</p> <p>Nicolaus M, Perovich D, Spreen G, Granskog M, Albedyll L, Angelopoulos M, Anhaus P, Arndt S, Belter H, Bessonov V, Birnbaum G, Brauchle J, Calmer R, Cardellach E, Cheng B, Clemens-Sewall D, Dadic R, Damm E, Boer G, Demir O, Dethloff K, Divine D, Fong A, Fons S, Frey M, Fuchs N, Gabarró C, Gerland S, Goessling H, Gradinger R, Haapala J, Haas C, Hamilton J, Hannula H-R, Hendricks S, Herber A, Heuzé C, Hoppmann M, Høyland K, Huntemann M, Hutchings J, Hwang B, Itkin P, Jacobi H-W, Jaggi M, Jutila A, Kaleschke L, Katlein C, Kolabutin N, Krampe D, Kristensen S, Krumpen T, Kurtz N, Lampert A, Lange B, Lei R, Light B, Linhardt F, Liston G, Loose B, Macfarlane A, Mahmud M, Matero I, Maus S, Morgenstern A, Naderpour R, Nandan V, Niubom A, Oggier M, Oppelt N, Pätzold F, Perron C, Petrovsky T, Pirazzini R, Polashenski C, Rabe B, Raphael I, Regnery J, Rex M, Ricker R, Riemann-Campe K, Rinke A, Rohde J, Salganik E, Scharien R, Schiller M, Schneebeli M, Semmling M, Shimanchuk E, Shupe M, Smith M, Smolyanitsky V, Sokolov V, Stanton T, Stroeve J, Thielke L, Timofeeva A, Tonboe R, Tavri A, Tsamados M, Wagner D, Watkins D, Webster M, Wendisch M. 2021. Overview of the MOSAiC expedition – Snow and sea ice. Elementa Science of the Anthropocene 9. doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.000046.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Influence of number of individuals and observations per individual on a model of community structure
<p>Social network analysis is increasingly applied to understand animal groups. However, it is rarely feasible to observe every interaction among all individuals in natural populations. Studies have assessed how missing information affects estimates of individual network positions, but less attention has been paid to metrics that characterize overall network structure such as modularity, clustering coefficient, and density. In cases such as groups displaying fission-fusion dynamics, where subgroups break apart and rejoin in changing conformations, missing information may affect estimates of global network structure differently than in groups with distinctly separated communities due to the influence single individuals can have on the connectivity of the network. Using a bat maternity group showing fission-fusion dynamics, we quantify the effect of missing data on global network measures including community detection. In our system, estimating the number of communities was less reliable than detecting community structure. Further, reliably assorting individual bats into communities required fewer individuals and fewer observations per individual than to estimate the number of communities. Specifically, our metrics of global network structure (i.e., graph density, clustering coefficient, R<sub>com</sub>) approached the 'real' values with increasing numbers of observations per individual and, as the number of individuals included increased, the variance in these estimates decreased. Similar to previous studies, we recommend that more observations per individual should be prioritized over including more individuals when resources are limited. We recommend caution when making conclusions about animal social networks when a substantial number of individuals or observations are missing, and when possible, suggest subsampling large datasets to observe how estimates are influenced by sampling intensity. Our study serves as an example of the reliability, or lack thereof, of global network measures with missing information, but further work is needed to determine how estimates will vary with different data collection methods, network structures, and sampling periods.</p>
Stony coral species observed in the Bajos del Norte and National Park Alacranes Reef: OCEANA Expeditions 2021
<p>This dataset contains information about stony coral species recorded by photography and those observed in situ during AGRRA monitoring activities in Bajos del Norte reefs in August 2021. Also, includes information on species records of stony corals photographed in the National Park Alacranes Reef in September 2021. Both reefs are located are located in the north portion of Campeche Bank, Gulf of Mexico. OCEANA Mexico organized and carried out both expeditions during August and September 2021.</p>
FIGURE. Puccinia klugkistiana on Ligustrum obtusifolium (A–F, N, O, P) and Cleistogenes hackelii (G–N). A. Plant hedges producing spermogonia and aecia in the field. B. Spermogonia on the upper leaf surface. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. E. Vertical section of a spermogonium. F. Aeciospores. G. Uredinia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a uredinium. I. Urediniospores. J, K. Telia on the leaf surface. L. Teliospores. M. Urediniospore observed under SEM. N. Vertical section of an uredinium observed under SEM. O. Aecium observed under SEM. P. Aeciospores with various sizes of verrucae on the surface observed under SEM. Scale bars: C = 100 μm, E, F = 20 μm, H, I = 30 μm, M = 5 μm, P = 10 μm, H, L, O = 40 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia klugkistiana on Ligustrum obtusifolium (A–F, N, O, P) and Cleistogenes hackelii (G–N). A. Plant hedges producing spermogonia and aecia in the field. B. Spermogonia on the upper leaf surface. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. E. Vertical section of a spermogonium. F. Aeciospores. G. Uredinia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a uredinium. I. Urediniospores. J, K. Telia on the leaf surface. L. Teliospores. M. Urediniospore observed under SEM. N. Vertical section of an uredinium observed under SEM. O. Aecium observed under SEM. P. Aeciospores with various sizes of verrucae on the surface observed under SEM. Scale bars: C = 100 μm, E, F = 20 μm, H, I = 30 μm, M = 5 μm, P = 10 μm, H, L, O = 40 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia cerinthes-agropyrina on Clematis sp. A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaves and stems in the field. B. Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aecia on the stem. E. Aeciospores. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Aecium observed under SEM. H. Vertical section of an aecium. Scale bars: C = 20 μm, E, H = 30 μm, F = 5 μm, G = 100 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia cerinthes-agropyrina on Clematis sp. A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaves and stems in the field. B. Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aecia on the stem. E. Aeciospores. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Aecium observed under SEM. H. Vertical section of an aecium. Scale bars: C = 20 μm, E, H = 30 μm, F = 5 μm, G = 100 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia phragmitis on Rumex patientia (A–E, I, K) and Phragmites australis (F–H, J). A, B Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Aeciospores. F, G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Teliospores. I. Aecium observed under SEM. J. Vertical section of a telium. K. Aeciospores with various sizes of verrucae on the surface observed under SEM. Scale bars: C, D, E = 30 μm, H = 10 μm, I = 100 μm, J = 20 μm, K = 3 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia phragmitis on Rumex patientia (A–E, I, K) and Phragmites australis (F–H, J). A, B Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Aeciospores. F, G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Teliospores. I. Aecium observed under SEM. J. Vertical section of a telium. K. Aeciospores with various sizes of verrucae on the surface observed under SEM. Scale bars: C, D, E = 30 μm, H = 10 μm, I = 100 μm, J = 20 μm, K = 3 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia miscanthi on Plantago asiatica (A–H) and Miscanthus sacchariflorus (I–Q). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Spermogonia on the leaf surface. C. Aecia on lower leaf surface. D. Vertical section of a spermogonium. E. Aeciospores. F. Vertical section of an aecium observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores with verrucose surface observed by SEM. H. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded by peridia. I. Plants producing uredinia on the leaf surface in the field. J. Vertical section of an uredinium with paraphyses. K. Urediniospores. L. Uredinia on the leaf surface. M. Uredinium on the leaf surface observed under SEM. N. Urediniospore with echinulate surface observed under SEM. O. Telia on the leaf surface. P. Vertical section of a telium. Q. Teliospores. Scale bars: D, E, K = 20 μm, F, H, M = 100 μm, G = 5 μm, J, P, Q = 30 μm, N = 10 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia miscanthi on Plantago asiatica (A–H) and Miscanthus sacchariflorus (I–Q). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Spermogonia on the leaf surface. C. Aecia on lower leaf surface. D. Vertical section of a spermogonium. E. Aeciospores. F. Vertical section of an aecium observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores with verrucose surface observed by SEM. H. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded by peridia. I. Plants producing uredinia on the leaf surface in the field. J. Vertical section of an uredinium with paraphyses. K. Urediniospores. L. Uredinia on the leaf surface. M. Uredinium on the leaf surface observed under SEM. N. Urediniospore with echinulate surface observed under SEM. O. Telia on the leaf surface. P. Vertical section of a telium. Q. Teliospores. Scale bars: D, E, K = 20 μm, F, H, M = 100 μm, G = 5 μm, J, P, Q = 30 μm, N = 10 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia achnatheri-sibirici on Berberis amurensis (A–H) and Stipa baicalensis (I–M). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Spermogonia on the upper leaf surface. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aeciospores. G. Aecium observed under SEM. H. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. I, J. Telia on the leaf surface. K. Urediniospores. L. Teliospores. M. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, F, L, M = 20 μm, E = 50 μm, G = 100 μm, H = 5 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia achnatheri-sibirici on Berberis amurensis (A–H) and Stipa baicalensis (I–M). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Spermogonia on the upper leaf surface. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aeciospores. G. Aecium observed under SEM. H. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. I, J. Telia on the leaf surface. K. Urediniospores. L. Teliospores. M. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, F, L, M = 20 μm, E = 50 μm, G = 100 μm, H = 5 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia digitaticoronata on Rhamuns sp. (A–C, F, J) and species of Poaceae (D, E, G–I, K, L). A. Vertical section of spermogonia. B. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. C. Aeciospores. D. Plants producing uredinia on the leaf surface in the field. E. Urediniospores. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Uredinia on the leaf surface. H. Telia on the leaf surface. I. Vertical section of an uredinium. J. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. K. Teliospores. L. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: A, I = 40 μm, B = 60 μm, C, E, K, L= 20 μm, J, F = 80 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia digitaticoronata on Rhamuns sp. (A–C, F, J) and species of Poaceae (D, E, G–I, K, L). A. Vertical section of spermogonia. B. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. C. Aeciospores. D. Plants producing uredinia on the leaf surface in the field. E. Urediniospores. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Uredinia on the leaf surface. H. Telia on the leaf surface. I. Vertical section of an uredinium. J. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. K. Teliospores. L. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: A, I = 40 μm, B = 60 μm, C, E, K, L= 20 μm, J, F = 80 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia eleganticoronata on Rhamnus davurica (A–C, E–G, J) and Poa sp. (D, H, I). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D, H. Telia on the stems. E. Vertical section of a spermogonium. F. Aeciospores. G. Aeciospore observed under SEM. I. Vertical section of a telium. J. Aecium observed under SEM. Scale bars: C = 50 μm, E, I = 30 μm, F = 20 μm, G = 5 μm, J = 60 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia eleganticoronata on Rhamnus davurica (A–C, E–G, J) and Poa sp. (D, H, I). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D, H. Telia on the stems. E. Vertical section of a spermogonium. F. Aeciospores. G. Aeciospore observed under SEM. I. Vertical section of a telium. J. Aecium observed under SEM. Scale bars: C = 50 μm, E, I = 30 μm, F = 20 μm, G = 5 μm, J = 60 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia protuberanticoronata on Rhamnus ussuriensis (A–D, F, I) and Calamagrostis kengii (E, G, H). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Vertical section of a spermogonium. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aecia on the stem. E. Teliospores. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a telium. I. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. Scale bars: B, E, H = 20 μm, C, F = 50 μm, I = 5 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia protuberanticoronata on Rhamnus ussuriensis (A–D, F, I) and Calamagrostis kengii (E, G, H). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Vertical section of a spermogonium. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aecia on the stem. E. Teliospores. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a telium. I. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. Scale bars: B, E, H = 20 μm, C, F = 50 μm, I = 5 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia ampliaticoronata on Rhamnus davurica (A–F) and Melica grandiflora (G–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. B. Vertical section of a spermogonium. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aeciospores. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Urediniospores. H. Telia on the leaf surface. I. Vertical section of an uredinium. J. Teliospores. Scale bars: B, D, I = 30 μm, C = 50 μm, E = 100 μm, F = 5 μm, G = 10 μm, J = 20 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia ampliaticoronata on Rhamnus davurica (A–F) and Melica grandiflora (G–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the lower leaf surface. B. Vertical section of a spermogonium. C. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. D. Aeciospores. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Urediniospores. H. Telia on the leaf surface. I. Vertical section of an uredinium. J. Teliospores. Scale bars: B, D, I = 30 μm, C = 50 μm, E = 100 μm, F = 5 μm, G = 10 μm, J = 20 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia ramificaticoronata on Rhamnus ussuriensis (A–G) and species of Poaceae (H–K). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores. H. Vertical section of an uredinium. I. Urediniospores. J. Telia on the leaf surface. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, H = 40 μm, D, G = 30 μm, E = 80 μm, F = 5 μm, I, K =20 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia ramificaticoronata on Rhamnus ussuriensis (A–G) and species of Poaceae (H–K). A. Plants producing spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface in the field. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. E. Aecium observed under SEM. F. Aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. G. Aeciospores. H. Vertical section of an uredinium. I. Urediniospores. J. Telia on the leaf surface. K. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, H = 40 μm, D, G = 30 μm, E = 80 μm, F = 5 μm, I, K =20 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia pileiformis on Lonicera maackii (A–G) and Diarrhena fauriei (H–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aeciospores. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. An aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. H, I. Telia on the leaf surface. J. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, E = 40 μm, D = 20 μm, F = 50 μm, G = 5 μm, J = 30 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia pileiformis on Lonicera maackii (A–G) and Diarrhena fauriei (H–J). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aeciospores. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. An aeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. H, I. Telia on the leaf surface. J. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C, E = 40 μm, D = 20 μm, F = 50 μm, G = 5 μm, J = 30 μm.
FIGURE. Puccinia festucae on Lonicera praeflorens (A–F) and Festuca extremiorientalis (G, H). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aaeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C = 40 μm, D = 30 μm, E, F = 50 μm, H = 20 μm. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China
FIGURE. Puccinia festucae on Lonicera praeflorens (A–F) and Festuca extremiorientalis (G, H). A. Spermogonia and aecia on the leaf surface. B. Aecia on the lower leaf surface. C. Vertical section of a spermogonium. D. Aaeciospore with verrucose surface observed under SEM. E. Vertical section of an aecium surrounded with peridia. F. Aecium observed under SEM. G. Telia on the leaf surface. H. Vertical section of a telium. Scale bars: C = 40 μm, D = 30 μm, E, F = 50 μm, H = 20 μm.
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Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.