Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
4,669
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
4,669 results for “Environment;”
Data from: Genotype-by-environment interactions for cuticular hydrocarbon expression in Drosophila simulans
Genotype-by-environment interactions (G x Es) describe genetic variation for phenotypic plasticity. Recent interest in the role of these interactions in sexual selection has identified G x Es across a diverse range of species and sexual traits. Additionally, theoretical work predicts that G x Es in sexual traits could help to maintain genetic variation, but could also disrupt the reliability of these traits as signals of mate quality. However, empirical tests of these theoretical predictions are scarce. We reared iso-female lines of Drosophila simulans across two axes of environmental variation (diet and temperature) in a fully factorial design and tested for G x Es in the expression of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), a multivariate sexual trait in this species. We find sex-specific environmental, genetic and G x E effects on CHC expression, with G x Es for diet in both male and female CHC profile and a G x E for temperature in females. We also find some evidence for ecological crossover in these G x Es, and by quantifying variance components, genetic correlations and heritabilities, we show the potential for these G x Es to help maintain genetic variation and cause sexual signal unreliability in D. simulans CHC profiles.
Data from: A transient ischemic environment induces reversible compaction of chromatin
Background: Cells detect and adapt to hypoxic and nutritional stress through immediate transcriptional, translational and metabolic responses. The environmental effects of ischemia on chromatin nanostructure were investigated using single molecule localization microscopy of DNA binding dyes and of acetylated histones, by the sensitivity of chromatin to digestion with DNAseI, and by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) of core and linker histones. Results: Short-term oxygen and nutrient deprivation of the cardiomyocyte cell line HL-1 induces a previously undescribed chromatin architecture, consisting of large, chromatin-sparse voids interspersed between DNA-dense hollow helicoid structures 40–700 nm in dimension. The chromatin compaction is reversible, and upon restitution of normoxia and nutrients, chromatin transiently adopts a more open structure than in untreated cells. The compacted state of chromatin reduces transcription, while the open chromatin structure induced upon recovery provokes a transitory increase in transcription. Digestion of chromatin with DNAseI confirms that oxygen and nutrient deprivation induces compaction of chromatin. Chromatin compaction is associated with depletion of ATP and redistribution of the polyamine pool into the nucleus. FRAP demonstrates that core histones are not displaced from compacted chromatin; however, the mobility of linker histone H1 is considerably reduced, to an extent that far exceeds the difference in histone H1 mobility between heterochromatin and euchromatin. Conclusions: These studies exemplify the dynamic capacity of chromatin architecture to physically respond to environmental conditions, directly link cellular energy status to chromatin compaction and provide insight into the effect ischemia has on the nuclear architecture of cells.
Figure 1 in Chorion surface ultrastructure of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: adaptation to the environment and correlation with the reproductive strategy
Figure 1. Mature Misgurnus anguillicaudatus egg. Magnification, × 110.
Figure 6 in Chorion surface ultrastructure of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: adaptation to the environment and correlation with the reproductive strategy
Figure 6. Surface features of vegetal pole. Abbreviation: k, knob. Magnification, × 3500.
The influence of maternal glucocorticoids on offspring phenotype in high- and low-risk environments
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Elevated maternal glucocorticoid levels during gestation can lead to phenotypic changes in offspring via maternal effects. Although such effects have traditionally been considered maladaptive, maternally derived glucocorticoids may adaptively prepare offspring for their future environment depending upon the correlation between maternal and offspring environments. Nevertheless, relatively few studies test the effects of prenatal glucocorticoid exposure across multiple environments. We tested the potential for ecologically relevant increases in maternal glucocorticoids in the eastern fence lizard (<i>Sceloporus undulatus</i>) to induce adaptive phenotypic changes in offspring exposed to high or low densities of an invasive fire ant predator. Maternal treatment had limited effects on offspring morphology and behaviour at hatching, but by 10 days of age, we found maternal treatment interacted with offspring environment to alter anti-predator behaviours. We did not detect differences in early-life survival based on maternal treatment or offspring environment. Opposing selection on anti-predator behaviours from historic and novel invasive predators may confound the potential of maternal glucocorticoids to adaptively influence offspring behaviour. Our test of the phenotypic outcomes of transgenerational glucocorticoid effects across risk environments provides important insight into the context-specific nature of this phenomenon and the importance of understanding both current and historic evolutionary pressures.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
FIG. 2 in Mortality in a predator-free insular environment: the dwarf deer of Crete
FIG. 2. Views of caves at Gerani (top) and Liko (bottom). These coastal caves are situated in Neogene limestones and contain richly fossiliferous sediments. Photographs: J. de Vos.
Figure 1 in Communities of predatory mites (Phytoseiidae and Stigmaeidae) in different environments of the Brazilian Pampa
Figure 1 Bipartite network of mite and host plant species. Bars on the left side represent host plant species and bars on the right side represent mite species; green bars represent Grassland; yellow bars represent Grazing Exclusions; red bars represent Riparian Forest; grey bars represent Stigmaeidae and black bars represent Phytoseiidae.
Figure 2 in Communities of predatory mites (Phytoseiidae and Stigmaeidae) in different environments of the Brazilian Pampa
Figure 2 Ordination (NMDS) of mites. ○: Grassland, ●: Grazing Exclusions: + Riparian Forest. The low stress value (=0.06) indicates good fit of the twodimensional representation of the distances between samplings.
Figure 9 in The European Tertiary Neritiliidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Neritopsina): indicators of tropical submarine cave environments and freshwater faunas
Figure 9. Geographic distribution of the Recent marine Neritiliidae (dotted line) and principal occurrences of the genus Pisulina (•); fossil occurrences of the marine Neritiliidae (O); occurrences of the Recent (★) and fossil (✩) freshwater Neritiliidae.
Genotype-by-environment interactions for precopulatory mate guarding in a lek-mating insect
In sexually reproducing species males often experience strong pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection leading to a wide variety of male adaptations. One example is mate guarding, where males prevent females from mating with other males either before or after they (will) have mated themselves. In case social conditions vary short-term and in an unpredictable manner and if there is genetic variation in plasticity of mate guarding (i.e. genotype-by-environment interaction, G x E), adaptive behavioral plasticity in mate guarding may evolve. Here, we test for genetic variation in the plasticity of precopulatory mate guarding behavior in the lek-mating lesser wax moth Achroia grisella. When offered two females in rapid succession, virgin males of this species usually copulate around 10-20 min with the first female. With the second female, however, they engage in copulation posture for many hours until they have produced another spermatophore, an unusual behavior among insects possibly functioning as precopulatory mate guarding. Previous studies showed the mating latency with the second female to be shorter under higher perceived sperm competition risk. We accordingly measured the mate guarding behavior of males from six inbred lines under either elevated perceived male-male competition risk or under control conditions allowing us to test for G x E interactions. We found significant inbred line-by-competitor treatment interactions on mating latency and copulation duration with the second female suggesting genetic variation in the degree of behavioral plasticity. However, we found no significant G x E interaction on the sum of mating latency and copulation duration. Our results suggest a potential for adaptive evolution of mate guarding plasticity in natural populations of lek-mating species. Future studies using selection experiments and experimental evolution approaches in laboratory populations, or comparisons of multiple natural populations will be helpful to study under which conditions plasticity in male mate guarding behavior evolves.
Data from: Parental care amplifies changes in offspring production in a disturbed environment
<p>Recruitment is usually negatively density-dependent with fewer offspring surviving when more are produced. Parental care could alter the pattern as behaviours that maximize individual fitness are not necessarily adaptive at the population level. We manipulated the number of eggs spawned into the nests of male threespine stickleback, and found egg survival to be positively density-dependent. This reversed negative density-dependent survival observed in the absence of parental care. The reversal was caused my males investing more in parental care when receiving more eggs, while favouring future reproductive opportunities when receiving few eggs. Density-dependent parental care thus amplified changes in offspring production in relation to number of eggs spawned. Such amplification may occur in disturbed environments where human activities have altered female fecundity and males may receive more or less eggs than expected. The optimal balancing between present and future parental investment can then be distorted, resulting in maladaptive parental behaviour that reduces offspring survival. These results suggest that behaviours that have evolved to maximize individual fitness under pristine conditions can become mal-adaptive under disturbed conditions and influence the recruitment of offspring into a population. Considering that human activities are rapidly transforming environments, such mal-adaptive behavioural responses could be common and magnify negative effects of human activities on population dynamics.</p>
Green fluorescent protein-like pigments optimize the internal light environment in symbiotic reef building corals
<p>Pigments homologous to the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) have been proposed to fine-tune the internal light microclimate of corals, facilitating photoacclimation of photosynthetic coral symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) to life in different reef habitats and environmental conditions. However, direct measurements of the <i>in vivo</i> light conditions inside the coral tissue supporting this conclusion are lacking. Here, we quantified the intra-tissue spectral light environment of corals expressing GFP-like proteins from widely different light regimes. We focus on (1) photoconvertible red fluorescent proteins (pcRFPs), thought to enhance photosynthesis in mesophotic habitats via wavelength conversion, and (2) chromoproteins (CPs), which provide photoprotection to the symbionts in shallow water via light absorption. Optical microsensor measurements indicated that both pigment groups strongly alter the<i> </i>coral tissue light environment. Estimates derived from light spectra measured in pcRFP-containing corals showed that fluorescence emission can contribute to >50% of orange-red light available to the photosynthetic symbionts at mesophotic depths. We further show that upregulation of pink CPs in shallow-water corals during bleaching leads to a reduction of orange light by 10-20% compared to low-CP tissue. Thus, screening by CPs has an important role in mitigating the light-enhancing effect of coral tissue scattering during bleaching. Our results provide the first experimental quantification of the importance of GFP-like proteins in fine-tuning the light microclimate of corals during photoacclimation.</p>
Fig. 5 in Crab in amber reveals an early colonization of nonmarine environments during the Cretaceous
Fig. 5. Phylogeneticrelationshipsof Cretapsaraathanata Luque,gen. etsp. nov. inthecrabtreeoflife. Bayesianmajority-ruleconsensustopologyof thepost–burn-in sample of trees for key fossiland extant eubrachyuran families, includingprobability supportvalues indicated at branches. Branches with posterior probability support <75% are collapsed. Thick solid lines represent the ages of the known first and last occurrences of the studied families. Dotted lines and daggers (†) indicate extinct taxa; solid lines indicate living taxa. Photos: Heikeopsis japonica (A) by T.-Y. Chan; Telamonocarcinus gambalatus (B), M. pasinii (E), and E. elegius (H) by À. Ossó; Archaeochiapasa mardoqueoi (C) by F. Vega; Componocancer robertsi (D) by R. Feldmann and C. Schweitzer; Dilocarcinus septemdentatus (G) and Melothelphusa dardanelosensis (M) by Senckenberg Museum, S. Tränkner,courtesyof C. Magalhães [(M) after (80)]; Cretapsaraathanata Luque gen. etsp.nov.(F) herein;C.maenas (I), C.sapidus (K), Geothelphusaolea (O), Sayamia melanodactylus (P), Geosesarma dennerle (R), and C.guanhumi (S) by O. Radosta; G. trispinosus (J) by C. Noever (CCBY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/ index.php?curid=63236719); Dinocarcinusvelauciensis (L) by N. Robin; Potamonauteskunduno (N) by P. Crabb (CCBY 3.0,https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=29254322); G. cruentata (Q) by A. Anker; and Leptuca oerdesti (T) by J.L. Figure by J.L.
Figure 1 from: Smith V, Rycroft S, Brake I, Scott B, Baker E, Livermore L, Blagoderov V, Roberts D (2011) Scratchpads 2.0: a Virtual Research Environment supporting scholarly collaboration, communication and data publication in biodiversity science. ZooKeys 150: 53-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2193
Figure 1 - Scratchpad usage statistics from February 2007 to September 2011. The black dashed line represents the number of Scratchpad community sites (in hundreds) and the blue solid line represents the number of registered users (in thousands). As of September 2011 we have switched to recording the number of active users (currently 4424) since this figure provides a more accurate guide to usage.
Figure 2 from: Smith V, Rycroft S, Brake I, Scott B, Baker E, Livermore L, Blagoderov V, Roberts D (2011) Scratchpads 2.0: a Virtual Research Environment supporting scholarly collaboration, communication and data publication in biodiversity science. ZooKeys 150: 53-70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2193
Figure 2 - Screenshots of the Scratchpad 2 publication module showing an example workflow. Top, the section writing tool showing material and methods section; middle, the relationship selector that allows a taxon and additional materials to be associated with a section of the publication; and bottom, supplementary files such as illustrations, photos or graphs can be added to complete the publication.
Figures 12-13 from: Ermilov S, Tolstikov A, Mary N, Schatz H (2013) Oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from riverine environments of some islands in Oceania. ZooKeys 318: 47-57. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.318.5971
Figures 12-13 - . Fortuynia smiti sp. n., adult: 12 segments of leg I, left, antiaxial view 13 segments of leg IV, right, antiaxial view. Scale bar 50 μm.
Figures 1-3 from: Ermilov S, Tolstikov A, Mary N, Schatz H (2013) Oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from riverine environments of some islands in Oceania. ZooKeys 318: 47-57. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.318.5971
Figures 1-3 - Fortuynia smiti sp. n., adult: 1 dorsal view 2 ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not illustrated) 3 lateral view (gnathosoma and legs except femur II and trochanters II–IV not illustrated). Scale bar 100 μm.
Figures 4-11 from: Ermilov S, Tolstikov A, Mary N, Schatz H (2013) Oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from riverine environments of some islands in Oceania. ZooKeys 318: 47-57. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.318.5971
Figures 4-11 - . Fortuynia smiti sp. n., adult: 4 rostral seta 5 lamellar seta 6 sensillus 7 subcapitulum, right half of anterior part, ventro-lateral view 8 palptarsus 9 chelicera, anterior part 10 epimeral seta 2a 11 adanal setae ad1. Scale bar (4–7, 9–11) 20 μm, (8) 10 μm.
Figure 3 from: Szlavecz K, Vilisics F, Tóth Z, Hornung E (2018) Terrestrial isopods in urban environments: an overview. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 97-126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.29580
Figure 3 Responses of three synanthropic isopod species to urbanization gradient. Each data point is percentage of total number of individuals (N) of a given species caught in pitfall traps. Philosciamuscorum: N = 7473, Porcellioscaber: N = 12314, Armadillidiumvulgare: N = 816. The study was carried out in urban, suburban, and rural forest patches and parks in Sorø, Denmark. Data from Vilisics et al. (2007); original figure.
Figure 1 from: Szlavecz K, Vilisics F, Tóth Z, Hornung E (2018) Terrestrial isopods in urban environments: an overview. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 97-126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.29580
Figure 1 Publications on urban isopods in the past three decades. Source: Web of Science using the following keywords: terrestrial isopods, woodlice, oniscid, urban, anthropogenic A Number of publications per year B Frequency of publications by subdisciplines.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.