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9,671 results for “Leaf”
OLID I: An Open Leaf Image Dataset of Bangladesh's Major Crops
<p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has taken the globe by storm since its inception, and the enormous agriculture sector is no exception. The progress of any AI-assisted mechanism is heavily reliant on massive training data. Although the application of AI in plant leaf management has garnered prominence in recent years, there is still a dearth of data, especially in the case of tropical and subtropical crops. In light of this, we present a public dataset containing 4,749 leaf images which include healthy, nutritionally deficient, and pest-infested leaves of tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em>), eggplant (<em>Solanum melongena</em>), cucumber (<em>Cucumis sativus</em>), bitter gourd (<em>Momordica charantia</em>), snake gourd (<em>Trichosanthes cucumerina</em>), ridge gourd (<em>Luffa acutangula</em>), ash gourd (<em>Benincasa hispida)</em>, and bottle gourd (<em>Lagenaria siceraria</em>). The dataset comprises 57 unique classes with high-resolution photos (3024 x 3024). The images have been captured at three different sites in Bangladesh in natural field settings and arduously labeled by an expert panel. This collection features the highest number of plant stress classes and the first multi-label classification problem in the agro-domain. The effective utilization of our dataset will result in an abundance of leaf disease diagnosis algorithms, pest identification and classification tools, and nutritional deficiency estimation strategies, to highlight a few.</p>
Рис. 6–11. ГенитаΛьные структуры самцов роΔа Celypha. 6 – C. laminaria sp. n.; 7 – C. capreolana; 8 – C. rurestrana; 9 – C. anatoliana; 10 – C. confictana; 11 – C. striana. 6 – генитаΛии (Λевая ваΛьва не изображена); 7–11 – ваΛьвы. Масштабная Λинейка 1 мм. Figs 6–11. Male genital structure of the genus Celypha. 6 – C. laminaria sp. n.; 7 – C. capreolana; 8 – C. rurestrana; 9 – C. anatoliana; 10 – C. confictana; 11 – C. striana. 6 – genitalia (left valve is not shown); 7–11 – valves. Scale bar 1 mm. in Two new species of leaf-rollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the East Caucasus
Рис. 6–11. ГенитаΛьные структуры самцов роΔа Celypha. 6 – C. laminaria sp. n.; 7 – C. capreolana; 8 – C. rurestrana; 9 – C. anatoliana; 10 – C. confictana; 11 – C. striana. 6 – генитаΛии (Λевая ваΛьва не изображена); 7–11 – ваΛьвы. Масштабная Λинейка 1 мм. Figs 6–11. Male genital structure of the genus Celypha. 6 – C. laminaria sp. n.; 7 – C. capreolana; 8 – C. rurestrana; 9 – C. anatoliana; 10 – C. confictana; 11 – C. striana. 6 – genitalia (left valve is not shown); 7–11 – valves. Scale bar 1 mm.
Рис. 1–5. Новые виΔы Λистоверток, самцы, общий виΔ и генитаΛии. 1, 3–5 – Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n.; 2 – Celypha laminaria sp. n. 1–2 – гоΛотип, габитус; 3–5 – генитаΛии: 3 – эΔеагус, 4 – генитаΛии, эΔеагус извΛечен, 5 – генитаΛии, ΛатераΛьно. Масштабная Λинейка ΔΛя рисунков 3–5 – 1 мм. Figs 1–5. New species of leaf-rollers, males, general view and genitalia. 1, 3–5 – Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n.; 2 – Celypha laminaria sp. n. 1–2 – holotype, habitus; 3–5 – genitalia: 3 – aedeagus, 4 – genitalia, aedeagus extracted, 5 – genitalia laterally. Scale bar for Figs 3–5 – 1 mm. in Two new species of leaf-rollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the East Caucasus
Рис. 1–5. Новые виΔы Λистоверток, самцы, общий виΔ и генитаΛии. 1, 3–5 – Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n.; 2 – Celypha laminaria sp. n. 1–2 – гоΛотип, габитус; 3–5 – генитаΛии: 3 – эΔеагус, 4 – генитаΛии, эΔеагус извΛечен, 5 – генитаΛии, ΛатераΛьно. Масштабная Λинейка ΔΛя рисунков 3–5 – 1 мм. Figs 1–5. New species of leaf-rollers, males, general view and genitalia. 1, 3–5 – Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n.; 2 – Celypha laminaria sp. n. 1–2 – holotype, habitus; 3–5 – genitalia: 3 – aedeagus, 4 – genitalia, aedeagus extracted, 5 – genitalia laterally. Scale bar for Figs 3–5 – 1 mm.
Рис. 12–13. Биотопы новых виΔов Λистоверток. 12 – биотоп Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n., степной скΛон к югу от с. Сиртыч, 7.05.2022; 13 – биотоп Celypha laminaria sp. n., горный скΛон к запаΔу от с. Àатуна, 8.06.2022. Figs 12–13. Habitats of new species of leaf-rollers. 12 – habitat of Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n., stepped slope south of Sirtych village, 7.05V.2022; 13 – habitat of Celypha laminaria sp. n., mountain slope west of Datuna village, 8.06.2022. in Two new species of leaf-rollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the East Caucasus
Рис. 12–13. Биотопы новых виΔов Λистоверток. 12 – биотоп Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n., степной скΛон к югу от с. Сиртыч, 7.05.2022; 13 – биотоп Celypha laminaria sp. n., горный скΛон к запаΔу от с. Àатуна, 8.06.2022. Figs 12–13. Habitats of new species of leaf-rollers. 12 – habitat of Phtheochroa tabasarana sp. n., stepped slope south of Sirtych village, 7.05V.2022; 13 – habitat of Celypha laminaria sp. n., mountain slope west of Datuna village, 8.06.2022.
Adult presence does not ameliorate juvenile feeding challenges in a leaf-footed bug
<p>Herbivores often grapple with structural defenses in their host plants, which may pose especially difficult challenges for juveniles due to their underdeveloped feeding morphology. The degree to which juvenile herbivore survival is limited by structural defenses as well as the strategies used to overcome them are not well understood. We hypothesized that juveniles benefit from feeding near adults because adults pierce through physical barriers while feeding, enabling juveniles to access nutrients that they otherwise could not. We tested this feeding facilitation hypothesis in the leaf-footed bug Leptoglossus zonatus (<em>Hemiptera</em>: <em>Coreidae</em>). Bugs were raised with an adult or a juvenile conspecific and fed a diet of pecans with or without shells. As predicted, we found that juveniles suffered greater mortality when fed nuts with shells than when fed nuts without shells. Contrary to our expectations, the presence of an adult feeding on the same nut did not lessen this effect. Therefore, the presence of an adult does not ameliorate the feeding difficulties faced by juvenile <em>L. zonatus</em>, despite evidence for feeding facilitation in related insect species. This study adds to our understanding of how host plant defenses can limit the survival of even highly generalist herbivores.</p>
Figures 1–7. 1 in First Confirmed Record of Leaf Mining in the Fruitworm Moths (Carposinidae): A New Species Feeding on an Endemic Hawaiian Clermontia (Campanulaceae)
Figures 1–7. 1. Dorsal view of holotype adult of Carposina hahaiella in resting position. 2. Angled view of holotype in resting position; red arrows indicate patches of black raised scales. 3. Pinned holotype. 4. Pediobius sp. parasitoid wasp (UHIM.DNA00075); identification by David Honsberger. 5. Host plant in its native habitat, note invasive kahili ginger plants dominating the undergrowth. 6. Leaf mines on Clermontia in the field. 7. Transmitted light view of live larva feeding in leaf mine.
Figures 8–10. 8 in First Confirmed Record of Leaf Mining in the Fruitworm Moths (Carposinidae): A New Species Feeding on an Endemic Hawaiian Clermontia (Campanulaceae)
Figures 8–10. 8. Composition of transmitted-light scans of dried leaf mines of Carposina hahaiella on Clermontia fauriei. Each leaf has one to three mines, some with a dead larva inside. 9. Holotype female genitalia, specimen UHIM.DNA00096, genitalia slide KAA #0390. 10. Slide mounted larva after DNA-extraction, UHIM.DNA00072, dorsal view of section with head capsule and prolegs.
Growth form and leaf habit drive contrasting effects of Arctic amplification in long-lived woody species
<p><strong>Raw_and_STD_Chronologies.txt</strong> contains the raw (suffix "_raw") and indexed (suffix "_std") ring-width chronology derived from seven species (<em>Juniperus communis</em> L., <em>Betula nana</em> L., <em>Salix lanata</em> L., <em>Picea abies</em> L., <em>Pinus contorta</em> Douglas, <em>Betula pubescens</em> Ehrh., and <em>Sorbus aucuparia</em> L.) collected from ten sites located across Iceland. In the file, each column addresses the chronology belonging to a precise site and species, coded following the one used in the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) as listed in Grissino_Mayer (1993). This data was used to model growth trends and to perform climate-growth associations over the 1967-2018 period.</p>
Dissolved C, N, and P release efficiency from temperate tree leaf litter
<p><span>Dissolved organic matter and inorganic nutrients released from forest leaf litter through leaching are important energy and nutrient sources that support the production of aquatic food webs. Leaf litter-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a critical energy source for aquatic heterotrophic microbes, and inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus can enhance primary production. In this study, we experimentally measured the release efficiencies and amounts of DOC, total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) of the leaf litter from 11 temperate tree species by soaking the leaf litter in water for 28 days. We found that the maximal release efficiency (% of element released per estimated mass of the element) was the highest for P and lowest for N. These efficiencies were species-specific. Additionally, the DOC:TDP, DOC:TDN, and TDN:TDP ratios varied among the leachate of different leaf litter species. DOC:TDP increased with the C:P ratio in leaf litter biomass but is considerably lower; TDN:TDP was lower than the N:P ratio in leaf litter biomass as well; DOC:TDN ratio was higher than the C:N ratio in leaf litter biomass. These results suggest that the ratios of DOC to dissolved N and P nutrients released into water are related to, but not the same as, the stoichiometry of leaf litter biomass. Based on these findings, we concluded that changes in the vegetation with different leaf litter stoichiometry can alter the relative importance of detrital and grazing food chains in aquatic ecosystems.</span></p>
Fig. 89. Begonia glabra Aubl. A. Habit. B. Stipule. C. Leaf, adaxial surface. D. Leaf, abaxial surface. E. Staminate flower, side view. F. Staminate flower, front view. G. Androecium, side view. H. Pistillate flower, side view. I. Pistillate flower, front view. J in The genus Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Peru
Fig. 89. Begonia glabra Aubl. A. Habit. B. Stipule. C. Leaf, adaxial surface. D. Leaf, abaxial surface. E. Staminate flower, side view. F. Staminate flower, front view. G. Androecium, side view. H. Pistillate flower, side view. I. Pistillate flower, front view. J. Cross section of ovary. K. Pistils, side view. All photographs taken by D.A. Purvis in the living collections of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (Accession 20101699, of unknown origin).
Fig. 77. Begonia foliosa Kunth. A. Habit. B. Stipule, adaxial view. C. Leaf, abaxial view. D. Leaf, adaxial view. E. Staminate flower, side view. F. Staminate flower, front view. G in The genus Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Peru
Fig. 77. Begonia foliosa Kunth. A. Habit. B. Stipule, adaxial view. C. Leaf, abaxial view. D. Leaf, adaxial view. E. Staminate flower, side view. F. Staminate flower, front view. G. Largest tepal of the staminate flower. H. Smallest tepal of the staminate flower. I. Androecium, front view. J. Pistillate flower, side view. K. Pistillate flower, front view. L. Cross section of ovary. M. Largest tepal of the pistillate flower. N. Smallest tepal of the pistillate flower. O. Gynoecium, front view. All photographs taken by P.W. Moonlight in the living collections of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (A–I, Accession 20180920a, grown from seeds collected as part of P.W. Moonlight 1242; J–O, Accession 19480286d, of unknown origin).
Fig. 47. Begonia hirtella Link. A. Habit. B. Stipule. C. Leaf, adaxial surface. D. Leaf, abaxial surface. E. Inflorescence. F. Staminate flower, side view. G. Staminate flower, front view. H in The genus Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Peru
Fig. 47. Begonia hirtella Link. A. Habit. B. Stipule. C. Leaf, adaxial surface. D. Leaf, abaxial surface. E. Inflorescence. F. Staminate flower, side view. G. Staminate flower, front view. H. Tepal of staminate flower. I. Androecium, side view. J. Pistillate flower, side view. K. Pistillate flower, front view. L. Cross section of ovary. M. Developing fruit, side view. N. Pistils, side view. O. Smallest tepal of pistillate flower. P. Largest tepal of pistillate flower. Q. Bracteole. All photographs taken by D.A. Purvis from a glasshouse weed in the living collections of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.
Fig. 70. Begonia wollnyi Herzog. 1. Habit. 2. Leaf. 3. Staminate flower, front view. 4. Androecium, side view. 5–7. Stamens, side view. 8. Pistillate flower, side view. 9 in The genus Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Peru
Fig. 70. Begonia wollnyi Herzog. 1. Habit. 2. Leaf. 3. Staminate flower, front view. 4. Androecium, side view. 5–7. Stamens, side view. 8. Pistillate flower, side view. 9. Cross section of ovary, side view. 10–11. Style, front and back view. 12. Cross section of ovary. Reproduction of an illustration of Begonia williamsii Rusby & Nash by an unknown artist reproduced from Nash (1916: pl. 29) at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.
Fig. 66. Begonia acerifolia Kunth. A. Habit. B. Leaf, adaxial surface. C. Leaf, abaxial surface. D. Inflorescence. E in The genus Begonia (Begoniaceae) in Peru
Fig. 66. Begonia acerifolia Kunth. A. Habit. B. Leaf, adaxial surface. C. Leaf, abaxial surface. D. Inflorescence. E. Bracts of varying ages, back view. F. Bracts of varying ages, front view. G. Staminate flower, front view. H. Staminate flower, back view. I. Tepals of the staminate flower, back view. J. Androecium, side and front view. Photographs taken by D.A. Purvis (A–H) and P.W. Moonlight (I–L) in the living collections of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (Accession 20141063, grown from seeds collected as part of P.W. Moonlight & A. Daza 96).
Data from: Leaf metabolic traits reveal hidden dimensions of plant form and function
<p>In this study, we interpreted leaf metabolome variation among 457 tropical and 339 temperate plant species to understand how the metabolome contributes to macroecological variation in plant functioning. Metabolome data were generated using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, annotated with compound names (where possible), and cross-referenced against chemoinformatics databases to derive metabolite chemical properties. We then compared variation in leaf metabolite chemical properties among species with variation in classical plant functional traits.</p>
Molecular, biochemical and metabolomics analyses reveal constitutive and pathogen-induced defense responses of two sugarcane contrasting genotypes against leaf scald disease
<p>Leaf scald caused by the bacteria <em>Xanthomonas albilineans</em> is one of the major concerns to sugarcane production. To breed for resistance, mechanisms underlying plant-pathogen interaction need deeper investigations. Herein, we evaluated sugarcane defense responses against <em>X. albilineans</em> using molecular and biochemical approaches to assess pathogen-triggered ROS, phytohormones and metabolomics in two contrasting sugarcane genotypes from 0.5-144 h post-inoculation (hpi). In addition, the infection process was monitored using TaqMan-based quantification of <em>X. albilineans</em> and the disease symptoms were evaluated in both genotypes after 15 d post-inoculation (dpi) The susceptible genotype presented a response to the infection at 0.5 hpi, accumulating defense-related metabolites such as phenolics and flavonoids with no significant defense responses thereafter, resulting in typical symptoms of leaf scald at 15 dpi. The resistant genotype did not respond to the infection at 0.5 hpi but constitutively presented higher levels of salicylic acid and of the same metabolites induced by the infection in the susceptible genotype. Moreover, two subsequent pathogen-induced metabolic responses at 12 and 144 hpi were observed only in the resistant genotype in terms of amino acids, quinic acids, coumarins, polyamines, flavonoids, phenolics and phenylpropanoids together with an increase of hydrogen peroxide, ROS-related genes expression, indole-3-acetic-acid and salicylic acid. Multilevel approaches revealed that constitutive chemical composition and metabolic reprogramming hampers the development of leaf scald at 48 and 72 hpi, reducing the disease symptoms in the resistant genotype at 15 dpi. Phenylpropanoid pathway is suggested as a strong candidate marker for breeding sugarcane resistant to leaf scald.</p>
tomato-leaf-diseases-detection
<p>This dataset is collected from https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/kaustubhb999/tomatoleaf . we are saving this dataset for future use purpose. All copyright goes to this kaggel website link. There are tomato leaf diseases in this dataset. There are almost 9 classes of tomato leaf diseases and 1 class for healthy tomato leaf diseases. This ten classes are :</p> <ol> <li>Mosaic Virus </li> <li>Target Spot</li> <li>Bacterial Spot</li> <li>Yellow Leaf Curl Virus</li> <li>Late Blight</li> <li>Leaf Mold</li> <li>Early Blight</li> <li>Spider Mites Two-Spotted Spider Mite</li> <li>Tomato Healthy</li> <li>Septoria Leaf Spot.</li> </ol>
A High-Quality Reprocessed MODIS Leaf Area Index Dataset (HiQ-LAI)
<p>The High-Quality Leaf Area Index (HiQ-LAI) is derived from reprocessed MODIS LAI C6.1 product by SpatioTemporal Information Compositing Algorithm (STICA). This method integrates information from multiple dimensions, including pixel quality information, spatiotemporal correlation, and original observations, to improve the raw MODIS LAI retrievals with poor quality. The HiQ-LAI covers the period from 2000 to 2022, with spatial resolutions of 500m/5km for global vegetation area and temporal resolutions of 8 days.</p> <p> </p> <p>Ground-based verification results show that HiQ-LAI performs better than the original MODIS product (MOD15A2H C6.1). Time series curves of the HiQ-LAI exhibit reduced abnormal fluctuations and better alignment with expected phenological patterns. Additionally, the agreement with ground measurements increases gradually as raw data quality decreases. HiQ-LAI was found to be more continuous and consistent than MODIS LAI on a global scale from both spatial and temporal perspectives, especially in the equatorial regions where optical remote sensing usually cannot achieve good performance. Thus, We anticipate that HiQ-LAI with better spatio-temporal continuity will better support varying global LAI time series applications.</p> <p> </p> <p>Here, we offer a product version with a spatial resolution of 5km and a temporal resolution of 8 days. Another version has a spatial resolution of 500 meters and is available through Google Earth Engine (https://code.earthengine.google.com/?asset=projects/verselab-398313/assets/HiQ_LAI/wgs_500m_8d).</p> <p>More details about HiQ-LAI can be found at https://github.com/tiramisu18/HiQ-LAI</p>
Supporting information for "Few-Shot Learning Enables Population-Scale Analysis of Leaf Traits in Populus trichocarpa"
<p>Raw VCF file for <em>Populus trichocarpa</em> V4 SNPs - Biallelic SNP variants were called for 1492 Populus trichocarpa genotypes using GATK Version 4.0 software.</p>
UVA laser scanning labelled las data over tropical moist forest classified as leaf or wood points
<p>UAV Laser Scanning data collected over neotropical forest (Paracou French Guiana). Four flights conducted over one ha plot in 2021 and 2022.</p> <p>Leaf wood labels were transferred from contemporaneous (2021) TLS acquisition, for which segmentation was done using LeWoS and onscreen post correction.</p> <p>Predicted values using SOUL model (see ref below) for a single UAV-LS acquisition are provided as separate file.</p> <p> </p>
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