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Figure 1 from: Watts C, Thornburrow D, Stringer I, Cave V (2017) Population expansion by Cook Strait giant wētā, Deinacrida rugosa (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae), following translocation to Matiu/Somes Island, New Zealand, and subsequent changes in abundance. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 171-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21712

Figure 1 - Arrangement of tracking tunnel transects (shown in white) along the footpaths on Matiu-Somes Island. Each circle indicates the location of a tracking tunnel. The dark hatched area indicates where Deinacrida rugosa were released in 1996. The light hatched area shows where 186 adult D. rugosa were taken for translocation in 2007 and 2008. Note that no wētā were removed from the North transect.

Figures 100-101 from: Massa B (2017) Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 211-232. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469

Figures 100-101 - 100. Specimen of T. annoyeri sp. n. photographed in the field on the litter of the Dzanga-N'Doki National Park. 101. Canopy of the forest of the Dzanga-N'Doki National Park, where some Tetraconcha were collected in 2008-2012 (Photo by P. Annoyer).

Figures 67-78 from: Massa B (2017) Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 211-232. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469

Figures 67-78 - Habitus in lateral view of males of: 67. Tetraconcha banzyvilliana; 68. T. stichyrata; 69. T. fenestrata; 70. T. smaragdina; 71. T. ruzzieri sp. n.; 72. T. morettoi sp. n.; 73. T. perezi sp. n.; 74. T. loubesi sp. n.; 75. T. danflousi sp. n.; 76. Drepanophyllum marmoratum; 77. Stenamblyphyllum dilutum; 78. Debrona cervina.

Figures 11-22 from: Massa B (2017) Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 211-232. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469

Figures 11-22 - Tetraconcha ruzzieri sp. n. paratype male (Ivory Coast, Taï Nat. Park): 11. Stridulatory area; 12. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 13. Subgenital plate in ventral view; 14. Cerci in dorsal view. Tetraconcha fenestrata holotype male (Cameroon): 15. Stridulatory area of the left tegmen; 16. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen. Tetraconcha fenestrata male (Cameroon, Mukonje Farm): 17. Subgenital plate in ventral view; 18. Cerci in dorsal view. Tetraconcha danflousi sp. n. holotype male (Ivory Coast, Taï Nat. Park): 19. Stridulatory area; 20. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen and "window" of the left tegmen; 21. Subgenital plate and cerci in ventral view; 22. Cerci in dorsal view. Figs 15 and 16 after Orthoptera Species File.

Figures 32-48 from: Massa B (2017) Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 211-232. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469

Figures 32-48 - Tetraconcha smaragdina male (Central African Republic, N'Doki): 32. Stridulatory area (the arrow shows the distance between the base of left tegmen and the maximum width of cubital areas); 33. Stridulatory area of the holotype (Cameroon); 34. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 35. Cerci in dorsal view; 36. Subgenital plate in ventral view of the holotype. Tetraconcha loubesi sp. n. holotype male (Central African Republic, N'Doki): 37. Stridulatory area; 38. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 39. Cerci in dorsal view; 40. Subgenital plate in ventral view). Tetraconcha morettoi sp. n. holotype male (Central African Republic, N'Doki): 41. Stridulatory area; 42. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 43. Subgenital plate in ventral view; 44. Cerci in dorsal view. Tetraconcha ndokiensis sp. n. holotype male (Central African Republic, N'Doki): 45. Stridulatory area; 46. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 47. Subgenital plate and cerci in dorsal view; 48. Subgenital plate and cerci in ventral view.

Fig 9 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 9 - The effect of the time of clumping of Locusta migratoria separated eggs on the hatching time. The differences in mean hatching times between eggs clumped and those kept with distance from one another (controls) are plotted against the time of egg clumping gauged based on the mean hatching time for the control eggs (A). SDs of the mean hatching times for the clumped eggs (closed circles) and control eggs (open circles) are similarly plotted in (B). Each datum point is based on 17–20 eggs.

Figures 1-10 from: Massa B (2017) Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 211-232. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469

Figures 1-10 - Debrona cervina male (Kenya, Arabuko Sokoke Forest): 1. Stridulatory area; 2. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 3. Cerci and subgenital plate in lateral view; 4. Habitus in dorsal view; 5. Subgenital plate in dorsal view; 6. Subgenital plate in ventral view. Debrona cervina female (same locality): 7. Ovipositor in lateral view. Drepanophyllum marmoratum female (Central African Republic, N'Doki): 8. Ovipositor in lateral view. Tetraconcha sp. (probably smaragdina) female (Cameroon, Mukonje Farm): 9. Ovipositor in lateral view. Stenamblyphyllum dilutum lectotype female (Cameroon, Victoria): 10. Ovipositor in lateral view.

Fig 8 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 8 - The effect of the time of separation of paired Locusta migratoria eggs on the hatching time. The differences in mean hatching times between eggs separated and those kept in contact with each other (controls) are plotted against the time of egg separation gauged based on the mean hatching time for the control eggs (A). Comparison of SDs of the mean hatching times (B) and the intervals of hatching in each pair (C) for the eggs separated (open circles) and the control eggs (closed circles). Each datum point is based on 14–24 eggs.

Fig 5 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 5 - The intervals from the beginning to end of hatching periods for Locusta migratoria eggs incubated in different mass sizes from day 10 onward. The data are based on the experiment described in Fig. 4. No significant difference was observed in the means among the treatments (p > 0.05; Steel-Dwass test).

Fig 6 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 6 - The hatching times for Locusta migratoria eggs incubated in different mass sizes. In each pair of comparisons, the mean time of hatching for the eggs in the larger mass was designated as 0 h (A–D). The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of hatched eggs. Bars indicate one SD. Asterisks indicate a significant difference between the two treatments (p < 0.05; t-test). Differences in hatching time in different masses are shown in (E) by designating the mean hatching time for singly kept eggs as 0 h. Horizontal bars indicate one SD.

Fig 4 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 4 - The effect of egg mass sizes on the ranges of hatching times of Locusta migratoria eggs. The frequency distributions of hatching times plotted as deviations from the mean (designated as 0 h) for each egg pod tested. The data for the egg pods are the same as those given in Fig. 1B. SDs are shown. The numbers in parentheses indicate the numbers of hatched eggs and pods used.

Fig 3 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 3 - The effect of egg separation on embryogenesis in Locusta migratoria at 30°C. The times (mean ± SD) required to hatch for Locusta migratoria eggs kept as a mass (closed bars) or as separated eggs (open bars) at 30°C. Asterisks indicate a significant difference between the 2 treatments at the 5% level with a t-test. Error bars indicate SD. n = 13–20 each.

Fig 2 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 2 - The effects of egg separation on hatching patterns of Locusta migratoria eggs. The frequency distribution of hatching times for eggs kept in the pods (A) or in masses of 20 eggs (C) and those kept as separated eggs (B, D) when the mean hatching time was assumed to be 0 h. The relative times of hatching for the eggs kept in the pods (E) or in masses of 20 eggs (F) and those kept as separated eggs when the mean value for the former eggs was designated as 0 h. The number of hatched eggs followed by the number of tested pods in parentheses is given in each panel. Asterisks indicate a significant difference between the two treatments (p < 0.05; t-test).

Figures 23-31 from: Massa B (2017) Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 211-232. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469

Figures 23-31 - Tetraconcha stichyrata male (Ivory Coast, Taï Nat. Park): 23. Stridulatory area; 24. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 25. Subgenital plate in ventral view. Tetraconcha banzyvilliana male (Cameroon): 26. Stridulatory area; 27. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen. Tetraconcha perezi sp. n. holotype male (Central African Republic, N'Doki): 28. Stridulatory area; 29. Stridulatory file below the left tegmen; 30. Subgenital plate in ventral view; 31. Cerci in dorsal view. Fig. 26 after Orthoptera Species File, Fig. 27 after Leroy (1970).

Figure 3 from: Watts C, Thornburrow D, Stringer I, Cave V (2017) Population expansion by Cook Strait giant wētā, Deinacrida rugosa (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae), following translocation to Matiu/Somes Island, New Zealand, and subsequent changes in abundance. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 171-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21712

Figure 3 - Distribution of tracking tunnels with footprints of adult Deinacrida rugosa in 2008, 2013 and 2015. Cards were set over 3 nights in 2008 (Watts et al. (2009, 2011)) and over 4 nights in 2013 and 2015.

Fig 7 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 7 - The effect of the time of separation of Locusta migratoria eggs on the hatching time. The differences in mean hatching times between eggs separated and those kept in contact with each other (controls) are plotted against the time of egg separation gauged based on the mean hatching time for the control eggs (A). SDs of the mean hatching times are plotted against the time of egg separation gauged based on the mean hatching time for the control eggs kept in masses (B). Open and closed circles indicate eggs separated and those kept in masses, respectively. Each datum point is based on 16–20 eggs.

Fig 14 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 14 - The effects of pairing of Locusta migratoria eggs at different ages on hatching time. A. The mean hatching intervals between the first and second hatching eggs of the mixed pairs are plotted against the differences in mean hatching time between the younger and older controls in which two eggs were kept singly. B. The differences in hatching time between the first hatching eggs of the mixed pairs and older control eggs (from early-produced pods) are plotted against the difference in hatching time between the two control eggs. C. The differences in hatching time between the second hatching eggs of the mixed pairs and younger control eggs (from late-produced pods) are plotted against the difference in hatching time between the two controls. The diagrams on the top show combinations of eggs from older eggs (gray) and younger eggs (white). A total of 38 pairs of pods were used. Closed circles in (B) and (C) indicate the means significantly different from the controls (p < 0.05; Tukey's multiple test).

Figures 88-99 from: Massa B (2017) Revision of the tropical African genus Tetraconcha (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) with the description of ten new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 211-232. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21469

Figures 88-99 - Right habitus in lateral view of males of: 88. Tetraconcha smaragdina; 89. T. loubesi sp. n.; 90. T. morettoi sp. n.; 91. T. annoyeri sp. n.; 92. T. fijalkowskii sp. n.; 93. T. omonomai sp. n.; 94. T. ndokiensis sp. n.; 95. T. aristophanousi sp. n.; 96. T. perezi sp. n.; 97. T. danflousi sp. n.; 98. T. stichyrata; 99. T. ruzzieri sp. n..

Figure 2 from: Watts C, Thornburrow D, Stringer I, Cave V (2017) Population expansion by Cook Strait giant wētā, Deinacrida rugosa (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae), following translocation to Matiu/Somes Island, New Zealand, and subsequent changes in abundance. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 171-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.21712

Figure 2 - Locations where all adult Deinacrida rugosa were found in 2008, 2013, 2015 and 2016. Tracking tunnel transects are indicated as white lines. 2008 data from Watts et al. (2009, 2011).

Fig 11 from: Tanaka S (2017) Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) embryos monitor neighboring eggs for hatching synchrony. Journal of Orthoptera Research 26: 103-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.20935

Fig 11 - Hatching patterns of Locusta migratoria eggs derived from different pods and those from the same pods. As indicated above each triplet, the difference in the mean hatching times of the 2 pods (top and bottom panels) ranged from 3.6 to 80 h (A–D). In the mixed pairs (middle panel), the first and second hatchings are shown in black and light-colored bars. Different lower-case letters indicate significant differences in mean values at the 5% level with Tukey's multiple test. The diagrams on the right of the figure show combinations of eggs from two pods expressed as white and black eggs, respectively.