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opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

Hematological and biochemical profiles, infection and habitat quality in an urban rat population

Dataset employed in the analysis of "Hematological and biochemical profiles, infection and habitat quality in an urban rat population". For details in sampling methodology, see article of same name. Composed of three dataset files, with codebooks associated: <ul> <li>animal_data: morphological and parasitological data of captured individuals</li> <li>hematological_data: data on hematological parameters of captured individuals</li> <li>biochemical_data: data on biochemical markers of captured individuals</li> </ul> All individuals are identified by an individual code (rat_ID), and can be cross-linked through the bases. Files are composed of two sheets -data sheet: original data, with regular labels -codebook: comprehensive codebook for the data sheet.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Figure 1 in First report of morphological and molecular characterization of Moroccan populations of Globodera pallida

Figure 1: Sampled areas and regions infested with GlOBOdeRa pallida in Morocco.

Figure 3 in Population abundance and growth parameters of an exotic bivalve species, Anadara kagoshimensis, in the Southwestern Black Sea

Figure 3. Distribution of biomass CPUA (kg km–2) A. kagoshimensis in 2011.

Figure 2 in Population abundance and growth parameters of an exotic bivalve species, Anadara kagoshimensis, in the Southwestern Black Sea

Figure 2. Sampling gear (hydroulic dredge).

Figure 6 in Population abundance and growth parameters of an exotic bivalve species, Anadara kagoshimensis, in the Southwestern Black Sea

Figure 6. Shell length–weight relationship of A. kagoshimensis by years.

Figure 1 in Population abundance and growth parameters of an exotic bivalve species, Anadara kagoshimensis, in the Southwestern Black Sea

Figure 1. Map showing the study areas and sampling stations in the Southwestern Black Sea

Figure 5 in Population abundance and growth parameters of an exotic bivalve species, Anadara kagoshimensis, in the Southwestern Black Sea

Figure 5. Change of per haul biomass by subarea and year.

Figure 4 in Population abundance and growth parameters of an exotic bivalve species, Anadara kagoshimensis, in the Southwestern Black Sea

Figure 4. Distribution of biomass A. kagoshimensis CPUA (kg km–2) in 2012.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2009View details →

Figure 1 in Population biology of the ghost shrimps, Trypaea australiensis and Biffarius arenosus (Decapoda: Thalassinidea), in Western Port, Victoria.

Figure 1. Map of Australia showing the study sites located in Western Port: Warneet and Crib Point.

Polyandry and non-random fertilisation maintain long-term genetic diversity in an isolated island population of adders (Vipera berus)

Conservation genetic theory suggests that small and isolated populations should be subjected to reduced genetic diversity i.e., heterozygosity and allelic diversity. Our 34 years study of an isolated island population of adders (Vipera berus) in southern Sweden challenges this notion. Despite a lack of gene flow and a yearly mean estimated reproductive adult population size of only 65 adult adders (range 12 to 171), the population has been able to maintain high levels of heterozygosity and allelic diversity similar to that observed in two mainland populations. Even a 14-year major "bottleneck" i.e., a reduction in adult adder numbers, encompassing at least four adder generations, did not result in any reduction in the island adders' heterozygosity and allelic diversity. Female adders are polyandrous, and fertilisation is non-random, which our empirical data and modelling suggest underpinning the island adders' ability to maintain a high level of heterozygosity. Our empirical results and subsequent modelling suggest that the positive genetic effects of polyandry in combination with non-random fertilisation, often overlooked in conservation genetic analyses, deserve greater consideration when predicting long-term survival of small and isolated populations.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Figure 1 in Within-plant distribution and rapid assessment of sugarcane rust mite population on sugarcane canopy

Figure 1 Mites appearances in visual direct count (left) and imprinting techniques (right).

Data from: Responses of population structure and genomic diversity to climate change and fishing pressure in a pelagic fish

The responses of marine species to environmental changes and anthropogenic pressures (e.g. fishing) interact with ecological and evolutionary processes that are not well understood. Knowledge of changes in the distribution range and genetic diversity of species and their populations into the future is essential for the conservation and sustainable management of resources. Almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) is a pelagic fish with high importance to fisheries and aquaculture in the Pacific Ocean. In this study, we assessed contemporary genomic diversity and structure in loci that are putatively under selection (outlier loci) and determined their potential functions. Utilizing a combination of genotype-environment association, spatial distribution models, and demogenetic simulations, we modeled the effects of climate change (under three different RCP scenarios) and fishing pressure on the species' geographic distribution and genomic diversity and structure to 2050 and 2100. Our results show that most of the outlier loci identified were related to biological and metabolic processes that may be associated with temperature and salinity. Contemporary genomic structure showed three populations—two in the Eastern Pacific (Cabo San Lucas and Eastern Pacific) and one in the Central Pacific (Hawaii). Future projections suggest a loss of suitable habitat and potential range contractions for most scenarios, while fishing pressure decreased population connectivity. Our results suggest that future climate change scenarios and fishing pressure will affect the genomic structure and genotypic composition of S. rivoliana and lead to loss of genomic diversity in populations distributed in the eastern-central Pacific Ocean, which could have profound effects in fisheries that depend on this resource.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Fig. 2 in Depigmented phenotypes inside a Salamandrina perspicillata population of the Campagna Romana (Latium, Italy)

Fig. 2 - Fosso del Barco course inside Macchia del Barco.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Fig. 4 - Individuals 01-08 in Depigmented phenotypes inside a Salamandrina perspicillata population of the Campagna Romana (Latium, Italy)

Fig. 4 - Individuals 01-08: ventral view.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2016View details →

Fig. 3 - Individuals 01-08 in Depigmented phenotypes inside a Salamandrina perspicillata population of the Campagna Romana (Latium, Italy)

Fig. 3 - Individuals 01-08: dorsal view.

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

Gradual transitions in genetics and songs between coastal and inland populations of Setophaga townsendi

Setophaga townsendi is a species of wood-warbler (family Parulidae) in northwestern North America that has a geographic structure in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes: while interior populations have differentiated mitonuclear ancestry from the sister species S. occidentalis, coastal populations have a mix of inland and S. occidentalis mitonuclear ancestries. This coastal-to-inland transition in genomic ancestry raises the possibility of similar geographic structure in phenotypic traits, especially those involved in mate choice. Using qualitative and multivariate approaches, we investigated whether there is a sharp transition between coastal and inland populations in both songs and nuclear DNA. We find there is a shallow geographic cline in the Type I song but not in the Type II song. Nuclear DNA shows a gradient between the coast and inland. There is little correlation between variation in song and the isolation-by-distance pattern in the nuclear DNA. The learned songbird song is shaped by both genetic and cultural processes. There has been a debate on whether song learning promotes or slows down population differentiation. By comparing the within-species variation in song and genetic structures, we can expand our understanding of the dynamic interplay between mating signals and population differentiation.

Coupling and de-coupling of the El Niño Southern Oscillation to the supply of larval fishes to benthic populations in the Hawaiian Islands

Several recent high intensity ENSO events have caused strong negative impacts on the adult phases of foundational species in coral reef ecosystems, but comparatively little is known about how climatic variables related to recent ENSOs are impacting the supply of larvae to benthic populations. In marine fishes and invertebrates, reproductive adults and planktonic larvae are generally more sensitive to environmental variability than older, non-reproductive adults. Further, the transport of larvae in ocean currents may also be strongly ENSO dependent. The interactions between the dynamics of larval survivorship and larval transport could lead to population bottlenecks as stronger ENSO events become more common. We tested the predictions of this hypothesis around the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) by constructing a correlation matrix of physical and biological time series variables that spanned 11 years (2007 – 2017) and multiple ENSO events. Our correlation matrix included four types of variables: i. published ENSO indices, ii. satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll variables, iii. abundance and diversity of larval fishes sampled during the late winter spawning season off Oahu, and iv. abundance and diversity of coral reef fish recruits sampled on the western shore of the Big Island of Hawaii. We found that the abundance and diversity of larval fishes was negatively correlated with the Multivariate El Niño Index (MEI), and that larval variables were positively correlated with measures of fall recruitment (September & November), but not correlated with spring-summer recruitment (May & July). In the MHI, SST variables were not correlated with the MEI, but two successive El Niño events of 2014-15 and 2015-2016 were characterized by SST maxima approaching 30 °C. Two large pulses of benthic recruitment occurred in the 2009 and 2014 recruitment seasons, with > 8000 recruits observed by divers over the summer and fall months. Both events were characterized by either neutral or negative MEI indices measured during the preceding winter months. These patterns suggest that La Niña and the neutral phases of the ENSO cycle are generally favorable for adult reproduction and larval development in the spring and summer, while El Niño phases may limit recruitment in the late summer and fall. We hypothesize that episodic recruitment during non-El Niño phases is related to favorable survivorship and transport dynamics that are associated with the formation of pairs of anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies on the leeward sides (western shores) of the Main Hawaiian Islands.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2024View details →

Population dynamics and socio-ecological trajectories explain the emergence of farming in Late Neolithic South-eastern Norway

The repository contains radiocarbon data and code for the paper "Population dynamics and socio-ecological trajectories explain the emergence of farming in Late Neolithic South-eastern Norway", published in the Journal of Neolithic Archaeology. <a href="https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/1562">Population Dynamics and Socio-ecological Trajectories Explain the Emergence of Farming in Late Neolithic Southeast Norway | Journal of Neolithic Archaeology</a>. Abstract This paper examines the emergence of farming in Late Neolithic Southeast Norway. A summed probability distribution of radiocarbon dates is used to infer population dynamics and together with a chronological model using dated samples from post-built houses, cultivation layers and cereal grains, it is argued that the introduction of farming was swift and caused by incoming farmers. It is further explored how a low population during the Middle Neolithic period, cause by shifting environmental conditions, was central to the rapid population shift and economic change seen in the Late Neolithic, from ca. 2200 cal BC.

High buffering potential of winter wheat composite cross populations to rapidly changing environmental conditions

A winter wheat composite cross population (CCP), created in the UK in 2001, has been grown in Germany, Hungary and the UK since 2005 (F5 generation). In 2008/9 (F8), a cycling pattern for the populations was developed between partners to test the effects of rapidly changing environments on agronomic performance. One CCP was grown by eight partners for one year and subsequently sent to the next partner, creating "cycling CCPs" with different histories. In 2013, all eight cycling CCPs and the three non-cycling CCPs (from Germany, Hungary and UK) were included in a two-year experiment in Germany with three line varieties to compare agronomic performance and morphological characteristics. Differing seed weight of the F13 at sowing affected some agronomic parameters under drought conditions in 2014/15, but not under less stressful conditions in 2013/14. In both experimental years, the CCPs were comparable to the line varieties in terms of agronomic performance, with some CCPs outyielding the varieties under drought conditions of 2015. The results highlight the potential of CCPs to compete with line varieties while the overall similarity of the CCPs based on their origin and cycling history for agronomic traits indicate a high buffering potential under highly variable environmental conditions.