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981 results for “Alienates”
A dataset on alien vascular plant species in Japan
<p>This dataset contains a list of 1,753 alien vascular plant taxa (i.e., species, infraspecific taxa and hybrids; hereafter species for simplicity) found in Japan and data on the year of first record and pathways of introduction for many, if not all, of these species. The dataset was created during the study documented in the following article:</p> <p><strong>Egawa C. & Koyama A. (2023) Temporal trends in the accumulation of alien vascular plant species through intentional and unintentional introductions in Japan. NeoBiota 83: 179-196. https://doi.org/</strong><strong>10.3897/neobiota.83.101416</strong></p> <p>Procedures for creating the dataset are detailed in the article. Concise explanation of the dataset can be found in the README sheet in the file.</p>
Figure 3 in Stictoleptura cordigera (Füssli, 1775) (Cerambycidae: Lepturinae: Lepturini), a new alien longhorn beetle introduced in Chile
Figure 3. Collection site (Maule Region) of Stictoleptura cordigera in central Chile.
Dataset for "Non-canonical possessive constructions in Negidal and other Tungusic languages: a new analysis of the so-called 'alienable possession' suffix"
<p>This is the dataset used in the paper: Aralova, N. & Pakendorf, B. (2023). Non-canonical possessive constructions in Negidal and other Tungusic languages: a new analysis of the so-called “alienable possession” suffix. Special Issue “Re-assessing the explanatory potential of alienability contrasts”, guest-edited by Françoise Rose & An Van linden. <em>Linguistics</em>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/ling-2022-0030">https://doi.org/10.1515/ling-2022-0030</a></p> <p>For more details, see the ReadMe file.</p>
Figure 5 in The population dynamics and reproduction of Streblospio gynobranchiata (Annelida, Spionidae), an alien polychaete worm, in the Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea)
Figure 5. Adult worm (♂). Scale: 1 mm.
Figure 6 in The population dynamics and reproduction of Streblospio gynobranchiata (Annelida, Spionidae), an alien polychaete worm, in the Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea)
Figure 6. Average abundance of S. gynobranchiata in Sevastopol Bay in May and in October 2013.
Figure 4 in A new alien species in Brazil: Heliophanus hamifer Simon, 1886
Figure 4. iNaturalist records of Heliophanus hamifer. 1, Male dwelling on grass, by @laisacraupp (used with permission). 2, Male over a thorny herbaceous stem, by @gussoni (CC-BY-NC). 3, Male jumping over low herbaceous leaves, by @euqueromorango (used with permission). 4, Female under an herb leaf, by @chatonov (CC-BY-NC). 5, Female over a dry herbaceous stem, by @isismedri (CC-BY-NC). 6, Same, in detail. The arrow points to the bare patch related to stridulation. 7, Female preying on a fly, by @euqueromorango (used with permission). 8, Male preying on a midge over a wall, by @daniel_schelesky (used with permission). 9, Male displaying courtship behavior to a female over a plant vase (used with permission).
Figure 2 in A new alien species in Brazil: Heliophanus hamifer Simon, 1886
Figure 2. Habitus in life of Heliophanus hamifer. 1, Dorsal view of the male (UFMG 27922). 2, Same, frontal view. 3, Frontal view of the female (UFMG 27922). 4, Same, dorsal view. 5, Male over millimetric graph paper (UFMG 29234). 6, Female over millimetric graph paper (UFMG 29242). Photographs 1-4: Rafael Mariante (used with permission).
Figure 1 in A new alien species in Brazil: Heliophanus hamifer Simon, 1886
Figure 1. Known distribution records of Heliophanus hamifer. 1, iNaturalist records (purple circles) and from UFMG collection (red triangles). 2, African records from the literature and collections, with coordinates (white circles) and imprecise continental country records (question marks) (WCS, 2023; GBIF, 2023). Map imaging by ArcGIS 10.3.
Data from: Identifying links between the biodiversity impacts and monetary costs of alien birds
<p>This dataset accompanies a published paper (Evans et al. 2023) which aims to identify links between the biodiversity impacts and monetary costs of alien bird species. In this paper we used mixed-effects models to test: (1) whether alien bird species with severe biodiversity impacts also had high monetary costs; (2) whether specific types of biodiversity impacts were associated with high monetary costs; and (3) whether certain factors caused alien bird species to have both severe biodiversity impacts and high monetary costs. This dataset includes all data used for the analysis, including biodiversity impact scores and monetary costs for each alien bird species, and the variables tested for their influence on these biodiversity impacts and costs. Please refer to Evans et al. (2023) for details on the methods used. The abstract to the published paper follows.</p> <ol> <li>Alien species can be damaging to native biodiversity, human well-being and the economy. Identifying the complete range of impacts they cause, and the ways that these impacts are connected, may inform the prioritisation of management actions to mitigate impacts.</li> <li>Using datasets on the biodiversity impacts and monetary costs (damage and management costs) of alien birds, we aimed to establish whether species with the most severe biodiversity impacts also had the highest costs; whether types of biodiversity impact were associated with high costs; and whether specific factors associated with alien species are linked to both damaging biodiversity impacts and high costs.</li> <li>We identified a positive relationship between a specific type of biodiversity impact (predation) and costs, possibly because predation by alien birds can be severely damaging to native species and therefore attracts management actions. However, predation impacts are likely to occur more frequently and to be easier to identify than some other impact mechanisms such as hybridisation and transmission of diseases, and they are therefore likely to be more frequently managed, and hence to have costs.</li> <li>We identified a specific species characteristic (generalism) to be associated with severe biodiversity impacts and high costs, probably because generalist species have greater opportunity to cause impacts, whether they be on biodiversity or the economy, or both. We also found widely distributed alien birds to be associated with high costs, probably also because these species have greater opportunity to cause impacts.</li> <li>Management interventions that prevent the introduction of both predatory and generalist alien bird species, or that reduce their geographic distribution at early stages of invasions, may have significant biodiversity and economic benefits.</li> </ol>
The world's 100 worst invasive alien insect species
<ol> <li>While there has been great interest in species characteristics that promote invasiveness, still little is known about the characteristics that distinguish invasive from non-invasive insects. Using a database on the naturalized distributions of alien insects and expert opinions about their impacts, we identified the world's 100 worst invasive insect species.</li> <li>By comparing species characteristics reported in the literature using a meta-analysis, between the 100 worst invasive species and related non-invasive species, we found that invasive insects overall have more pathways of introduction, occur in more habitats, have higher fecundities, higher voltinism, more genes, shorted lifespans and faster development from egg to adult. Some of the differences in species characteristics are related to propagule pressures, life-histories and biotic interactions, conditional on whether the non-invasive species compared is known to be naturalized somewhere, whether the invasive species is globally distributed, and the climatic region of the species.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>: We show for the first time, using a multi-species comparative approach, that invasive insects differ in several characteristics from related non-invasive insects. Our results show that invasive species, such as Spodoptera frugiperda, typically are habitat generalists with a high fecundity, a short lifespan, and fast development, whereas the importance of female body size and number of enemies are context dependent. Our study can guide and improve existing screening tools for assessing the invasion potential of alien insects.</li> </ol>
Permits issued in respect of South Africa's National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act's Alien and Invasive Species Regulations over the period October 2014–December 2022
<p>Data based on records of permits issued by the South African Department of Forestry, Fisheries, and the Environment (DFFE) to conduct activities on listed invasive species restricted under the NEM:BA A&IS Regulations of 2014<br> This is based on the file <Copy of Official AIS Permit Register (31 Aug 2019).xlsx> with updates to 2020 based on the updates in the file <AIS Permit Register Updated to 21 January 2021.xlsx> and updates to Dec 2022 based on the file <AIS Permit register updated up to 31 Decenber 2022.xlsx><br> Compiled for the purposes of the reporting process "The Status of Biological Invasions and their Management in South Africa", see http://iasreport.sanbi.org.za/ for more details. Can access the latest report on Zenodo http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3947613 and the latest species list associated with the report via http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3947659<br> For details of how this was constructed see the relevant workflow in the status report process.<br> Where appropriate the rationale for issuing a permit is as per the wording of the regulations and lists of 2020 (see below for the full citation)<br> Each row represents a permit for a particular species for a particular activity. Permit numbers can cover multiple taxa<br> The original data-set has details of the applicant and their contact numbers, who the permit was handled by, and the method by and date on which the permit was sent to the permit holder, these have been redacted<br> Note there can be multiple permits issued to the same permit holder for the same species for the same purposes with the same start and end date<br> In cases where two permits were issued to the same applicant and one of which was for research, both were deemed for research even if it was not specified as such</p> <p>For enquiries contact: invasives@sanbi.org.za or IAS.report.SANBI@gmail.com</p> <p>Suggested citation (noting that in most cases it will be more appropriate to reference the Department responsible itself): SANBI (2023) Permits issued in respect of South Africa's National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act's Alien and Invasive Species Regulations over the period October 2014 – December 2022. version 20230809. Zenodo. https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8229321</p>
Testing the links between bird diversity, alien species and disturbance within a human-modified landscape
<p>Introduced alien species are associated with lower taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of native communities and negative impacts on ecosystem functioning. This is particularly evident in habitats where human disturbance may favour alien species, posing an additional stressor on native communities. Following the community resistance hypothesis (higher diversity promotes higher resistance to invasion), we predicted: i) higher taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity (TD, FD and PD respectively) in non-invaded bird communities (i.e. no alien bird species); and, ii) higher diversity and resistance to invasion in less human-disturbed areas. We surveyed bird communities in a modified Mediterranean landscape subject to varying levels of human disturbance. We tested whether TD, FD and PD were significantly different between non-invaded and invaded bird communities, and assessed the effect of land classes (forest, agriculture, urban), landscape composition and heterogeneity on these metrics. We found that non-invaded communities retained higher TD and FD, but not PD, than invaded communities. Alien birds occupied marginal niches in invaded communities, and did not fully compensate for the taxonomic and functional diversity loss caused by the absence of native species. These results were consistent across different land classes, suggesting weak environmental filtering of communities. Generally, less human-modified and more heterogeneous areas supported higher TD regardless of the presence of alien species. FD and PD of invaded communities decreased with increases in human-modified areas, whereas non-invaded communities were not affected. Our results suggest that even within a human-modified landscape, invaded community diversity is more affected by, and thus has a lower resilience to, disturbance. Restoring and protecting natural habitats within human-modified landscapes is likely to increase the resilience of native species.</p>
FIGURE 7 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. A in The invasive alien freshwater FLatworm Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in Western Europe: new insights into its morphology, karyology and reproductive biology
FIGURE 7 Girardia tigrina from Liguria. A. Metaphasic plate; B. Karyogram.
Introduction pathways and evolutionary mechanisms of the spread of alien species of Lolium on sandy coasts in Japan
<p><span>1. Estimating the role of specific processes in the spread of alien species necessitates the d</span><span>etermination of introduction pathways and source populations of invaded areas</span><span>. Alien grasses in the genus <em>Lolium</em> that have become widely invasive in Japan provide provides a unique opportunity to estimate the expansion process through a direct comparison between </span><span>source </span><span>and naturalised populations</span><span> because the </span><span>introduction pathways, contaminants in grain commodities</span><span> and commercial cultivars for fodder crops or revegetation materials are well-known.</span><span> Therefore, by directly comparing between source and naturalised populations, we estimated the introduction pathways and whether adaptative evolution occurred in <em>Lolium</em> species on sandy coasts in Japan.</span></p> <p><span>2. <em>Lolium</em> individuals sampled from naturalised populations in croplands, seaports and sandy coasts were compared with those from two introduction sources for morphological and genetic variations based on a genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism analysis and a common garden experiment. Furthermore, we conducted a reciprocal sowing experiment between a cropland and sandy coast.</span></p> <p><span>3. Populations naturalized in croplands were closely related to the cultivars, whereas those naturalized in seaports and sandy coasts were associated with contaminants. This pattern is common in western Japan. Therefore, these results indicate that the cropland and sandy coast populations are derived from cultivars and contaminants, respectively. </span><span>The reciprocal transplant experiment clearly demonstrated the home site advantage; populations derived from croplands yielded higher floret numbers than those derived from other habitats at the cropland site; however, such an advantage was not detected with the coastal site population. Sandy coast populations had higher survival rates than those from croplands at coastal sites. Port populations exhibited a similar tendency as sandy coast populations, indicating that contaminants may be originally adapted to salty and dry environments, such as that in sandy coasts.</span></p> <p><span>4. <em>Synthesis</em>. We demonstrated that two congeneric species with different ecological characteristics were introduced through multiple introduction pathways and spread into different habitats</span><span>. </span><span>A direct comparison between </span><span>source </span><span>and naturalised populations </span><span>can greatly advance our understanding of the patterns and processes of biological invasions.</span></p>
Data from: Biomass responses of widely and less-widely naturalized alien plants to artificial light at night
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Dataset for: Designing a surveillance program for early detection of alien plants and insects in Norway
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Alien plant species are precursors for invasion: a case study of Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze in Ile-Ife (Nigeria)
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Data from: Plant-soil feedback contributes to predicting plant invasiveness of 68 alien plant species differing in invasive status
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Data from: Expected spatial patterns of alien woody plants in South Africa’s protected areas under current scenario of climate change
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Testing the links between bird diversity, alien species and disturbance within a human-modified landscape
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.