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FIGURE 20. Buthacus Birula, 1908 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 20. Buthacus Birula, 1908, sternum, genital opercula and pectines, ventral aspect. A, B. Buthacus nitzani Levy et al., 1973, stat. nov., A. ♂ (HUJ INVSC 3227), B. ♀ (HUJ INVSC 3226). C, D. Buthacus amitaii, sp. nov., C. Holotype ♂ (HUJ INVSC 3480), D. Paratype ♀ (HUJ INVSC 3205). E, F. Buthacus levyi, sp. nov., E. Holotype ♂ (HUJ INVSC 2082), F. Paratype ♀ (HUJ INVSC 3274). G. Buthacus arenicola (Simon, 1885), ♂ (AMNH). Scale bars = 2 mm.
FIGURE 31 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 31. Buthacus amitaii sp. nov., holotype ♂ (HUJ INVSC 3480), dextral pedipalp femur (A, B) and patella (C, E), prolateral (A, C), dorsal (B, D), and retrolateral (E) aspects. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 16. Buthacus Birula, 1908 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 16. Buthacus Birula, 1908, carapace, dorsal aspect. A, B. Buthacus arava, sp. nov., A. Paratype ♂ (HUJ INVSC 3287),B. Paratype ♀ (HUJ INVSC 2561). C, D. Buthacus tadmorensis (Simon, 1892), stat. rev., C. Lectotype ♂ (NHMW 2453) of Buthus pietschmanni Penther, 1912, D. Paralectotype ♀ (NHMW 2452). E, F. Buthacus yotvatensis Levy et al., 1973, stat. rev., E. ♂ (HUJ INVSC 3344), F. ♀ (HUJ INVSC 3318). Scale bars = 2 mm.
FIGURE 2. Buthacus Birula, 1908 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 2. Buthacus Birula, 1908, habitus in life. A, B. Buthacus amitaii, sp. nov., ♂ (A), ♀ (B). C, D. Buthacus nitzani Levy et al., 1973, stat. nov., ♂ (C), ♀ (D). E, F. Buthacus levyi, sp. nov., ♂ (E), ♀ (F).
FIGURE 10 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 10. Map of the Fertile Crescent, plotting known locality records for Buthacus tadmorensis (Simon, 1892), stat. rev., in Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Syria and Turkey, based on material examined for the present study and the literature. White symbol denotes type locality whereas gray symbol denotes type locality of the junior synonym, Buthus pietschmanni Penther, 1912.
FIGURE 6 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 6. Map of southwestern Levant, plotting known locality records for Buthacus leptochelys (Ehrenberg, 1829) in Egypt and Israel, based on material examined for the present study and the literature. Pale gray symbol denotes type locality of the junior synonym, Androctonus (Leiurus) thebanus Ehrenberg, 1828 whereas dark gray symbol denotes type locality of the junior synonym, Buthacus granosus Borelli, 1929.
FIGURE 9 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 9. Map of southwestern Levant, plotting known locality records for Buthacus levyi, sp. nov. in Egypt and Israel, based on material examined for the present study and the literature. White symbol denotes type locality.
FIGURE 5 in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 5. Map of southwestern Levant, plotting known locality records for Buthacus yotvatensis Levy et al., 1973, stat. rev., in Israel and Jordan, based on material examined for the present study and the literature. White symbol denotes type locality.
Fig. 4 in Sand martin (Riparia riparia) in the Czech Republic at the turn of the millenium
Fig. 4. So far increasing colony size compensates decreasing number of localites. Colony size increased currently from 130 holes per colony to current 314 holes per colony.
Fig. 5 in Sand martin (Riparia riparia) in the Czech Republic at the turn of the millenium
Fig. 5. Distribution of altitude of sand martin nestplaces in the Czech Republic. In discordance with previously published results, sand martins created numerous colonies in altitudes over 400 m a.s.l.
Fig. 3 in Sand martin (Riparia riparia) in the Czech Republic at the turn of the millenium
Fig. 3. Number of disappeared colonies outnumbered the number of newly emerging localities occupied by sand martins in all years except of 1999 and 2004. It signalizes the rising limitation in the number of available localities during last years.
Fig. 2 in Sand martin (Riparia riparia) in the Czech Republic at the turn of the millenium
Fig. 2. Relative share of unoccupied localities found during the sand martin monitoring. Amount of unoccupied localities appropriate for nesting of sand martins according to HJERTAAS (1984) was compared with the total amount of all appropriate localities available.
Fig. 1 in Sand martin (Riparia riparia) in the Czech Republic at the turn of the millenium
Fig. 1. Population trends of the sand martin in the Czech Republic during 1992-2005. "Index of interseasonal changes" shows the relative change in the number of holes in the relation to the previous year. Included are holes from all the colonies monitored for at least two subsequent years. "Index 1993" shows the rapid decrease of sand martin population during the period surveyed. Amount of holes in 1993 is marked as 100 %; included are all the colonies monitored for at least two subsequent years. All discontinuously occupied localities are also included in both indexes.
Fig. 3 in A remarkable sand-dwelling fish assemblage from central Amazonia, with comments on the evolution of psammophily in South American freshwater fishes
Fig. 3. The sit-and-wait foraging posture of "Imparfinis" pristos in dorsal view. Note translucent body and commashaped pupil.
Fig. 2 in A remarkable sand-dwelling fish assemblage from central Amazonia, with comments on the evolution of psammophily in South American freshwater fishes
Fig. 2. The sit-and-wait foraging posture of Mastiglanis asopos in posterior view. Note very long barbels and filamentous rays of pectoral fins spread in a drift trap-like device, as well as the alignment of mentonian barbels and pectoral filaments.
Fig. 1 in A remarkable sand-dwelling fish assemblage from central Amazonia, with comments on the evolution of psammophily in South American freshwater fishes
Fig. 1. Two species indicative of the morphological and behavioural variation found among the sand-dwelling fish assemblage in an Amazonian streamlet: a, the diurnally active Characidium cf. pteroides in its characteristic sit-and-wait posture while foraging for bottom-dwelling prey; b, the nocturnally active Gymnorhamphichthys rondoni in its typical headdown posture while actively searching for interstitial prey.
Text-fig. 1. The Catefica exposure along the road between Catefica and Mugideira photographed in 1989 when the mesofossil flora was discovered. The exposed strata are mainly cross-bedded light colored sands, darker horizons of clay and dark lenses with mesofossils. The most productive sample, Catefica sample 49, was collected in the basal part of the exposed sequence (arrow head). One of the authors (PRC) exploring the middle part of the section. Photo K. R. Pedersen. in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 1. The Catefica exposure along the road between Catefica and Mugideira photographed in 1989 when the mesofossil flora was discovered. The exposed strata are mainly cross-bedded light colored sands, darker horizons of clay and dark lenses with mesofossils. The most productive sample, Catefica sample 49, was collected in the basal part of the exposed sequence (arrow head). One of the authors (PRC) exploring the middle part of the section. Photo K. R. Pedersen.
Sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) decrease nymphal infection prevalence for tick-borne pathogens Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a coastal dune ecosystem
<p>1. Understanding which factors determine tick-borne disease hazard can contribute to effective disease control. In Europe, the hazard of the pathogens <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> s.l. and <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em> is determined by local tick densities (mainly <em>Ixodes ricinus</em>) and the reservoir competence of the host species community. Sand lizards (<em>Lacerta agilis</em>) are common hosts for larvae and nymphs of <em>I. ricinus</em> and non-competent reservoirs for both pathogens. Consequently, high relative abundance of <em>L. agilis</em> is hypothesized to be associated with lower infection prevalence in nymphs. Here, we aimed to test whether this effectively occurs in natural settings.</p> <p>2. We sampled different habitat types within a heterogenous dune landscape at the Dutch coast and estimated 1) <em>L. agilis</em> densities, 2) host community competence, 3) the density and infection prevalence of questing<em> I. ricinus</em> ticks, and 4) the number and infection prevalence of ticks feeding on <em>L. agilis</em>.</p> <p>3. Captured <em>L. agilis</em> had high tick burdens and contributed substantially to feeding <em>I. ricinus</em> larvae in their natural habitat. <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s.l. and <em>A. phagocytophilum</em> were virtually absent from feeding larvae and nymphs.</p> <p>4. The nymphal infection prevalence of both pathogens in questing ticks was lower in habitat types where <em>L. agilis</em> was more abundant. Hence, <em>L. agilis</em> strongly reduced community competence.</p> <p>5. The density of questing nymphs was higher in habitat types with denser vegetation and also varied more between habitat types than infection prevalence. As a result, nymphal density had a stronger effect on the density of infected ticks than did nymphal infection prevalence.</p> <p>6. Synthesis and applications. Coastal dune habitats favourable for <em>L. agilis</em> have lower densities of questing nymphs, and a lower human infection hazard. These results might be applicable to similar ecosystems where <em>L. agilis</em> is present. From a public health perspective, this underlines the importance of preserving early successional habitat, as encroaching shrubs are associated with higher tick-borne disease hazard, and vegetation removal might be a solution to reduce hazard in coastal dunes. The high degree of spatial heterogeneity in the abundance of tick-borne pathogens also poses opportunities to manage recreational activities to limit human exposure to tick-borne diseases.</p>
Transport and fate of ureolytic Sporosarcina pasteurii in saturated sand columns: experiments and modelling
<p>Dataset for the manuscript - "<strong>Transport and fate of </strong><strong>ureolytic </strong><em><strong>Sporosarcina </strong></em><strong><em>pasteurii</em></strong> <strong>in saturated sand columns: experiments and modelling</strong>".</p>
Transport and fate of ureolytic Sporosarcina pasteurii in saturated sand columns: experiments and modelling
<p>Updated dataset for the manuscript - "<strong>Transport and fate of </strong><strong>ureolytic </strong><em><strong>Sporosarcina </strong></em><strong><em>pasteurii</em></strong> <strong>in saturated sand columns: experiments and modelling</strong>".</p>
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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