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Fig. 7. Scolopodus striatus Pander, 1856 from the Harku section, Estonia. All elements are from the sample H−5 in Apparatus of the conodont Scolopodus striatus Pander, 1856 and a re-evaluation of Pander's species of Scolopodus
Fig. 7. Scolopodus striatus Pander, 1856 from the Harku section, Estonia. All elements are from the sample H−5, the lower part of the Baltoniodus navis Zone (Early Ordovician). A–C. Paltodiform elements (S). A. Short−based variant, PMU In 1009 in inner (A1) and posterior (A2), and outer (A3) views. B. Medium−based variant, PMU In 1011 in inner (B1), posterior (B2), and outer (B3) views; detail of the cusp (B4). C. Medium−based variant, PMU In 1012 in inner (C1), posterior (C2), and outer (C3) views. D, E. Compressed paltodiform elements (S). D. Long−based variant, PMU In 1013 in lateral (D1) and posterior (D2) views. E. Short−based variant, PMU In 1014 in lateral (E1), posterior (E2), and lateral (E3) views. F. Short−based variant, PMU In 1015 in lateral (F1) and posterior (F2) views. G. Long−based variant, PMU In 1016 in lateral (G2) view; detail of the cusp (G1). H. Short−based variant, PMU In 1017 in lateral (H1) and posterior (H2) views. I. Short−based variant, PMU In 1018 1017 in lateral (I1) and posterior (I2) views. Scale bars 200 µm, except A4 and G1 for which are 50 µm.
Carbon neutrality policy can deliver disproportionately higher gains for toxic trace elements control in China
<p>The dataset of carbon neutrality policy can deliver disproportionately higher gains for toxic trace elements control in China.</p>
Fig. 8. Chondrenchelyid dental elements. A, B. Chondrenchelys problematica Traquair, 1888 in Chondrichthyan remains from the Lower Carboniferous of Muhua, southern China
Fig. 8. Chondrenchelyid dental elements. A, B. Chondrenchelys problematica Traquair, 1888, from the lower Viséan of Glencartholm, Dumfriesshire, Scotland. A. Anterior part of NMS 2002.68.1, showing a jaw with two well preserved posterior tooth−plates and remnants of anterior plates. B. Tooth plates of BGS−GSE 13328. Abbreviations: a, anterior plates; upr, right upper posterior plate; lpr, right lower posterior plate; lpl, left lower posterior plate. C. Computer−generated restoration of the upper (?) dentition in Chondrenchelys sp. from MH−1; anterior to the right, not to scale. D. Harpagofututor volsellorhinus Lund, 1982, from the Serpukhovian of Bear Gulch, Montana, upper posterior plate of CM 27324b (from Lund 1982). E. Anterior tooth plate of Chondrenchelys sp. (PKUM02−0160) from MH−1.
Chemical composition and mixing state of elemental carbarn-containing particles from solid fuel combustion
<p>The above data set contains the mass spectrum information of EC-containing particles obtained from the single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) and some related processing methods. Specifically, it includes: (1)Average positive and negative mass spectra of 5 solid fuels, (2)Average mass spectra for each particle cluster from 5 solid fuels, (3)Cluster composition of EC-containing particles, (4)cluster composition of EC-containing particles, (5)Particle size distribution of EC-containing and (6)Mixing state characteristics of EC-containing particles.</p>
Elemental and isotopic composition of bronze axes from Léon (France)
<p>This dataset contains analyses of 31 copper-alloy axes from Léon (Landes, France).<br><br><strong>Material</strong></p> <p>31 copper-alloy axes were analyzed. Each artefact was weighed, photodocumented, and 3D digitized before sampling. Each artefact was sampled twice using a single-use saw blade. The first sample was taken from the heel of the axes, after which the surface was mechanically cleaned to remove surface corrosion. These samples were used to measure lead isotope ratios. The second sample, a few cubic millimeters in size, was taken from the edge of the blades. These micro-samples were mounted, then ground and polished to a 0.25 mm diamond finish to create a surface suitable for SEM-EDS analyses.</p> <p><strong>Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry</strong></p> <p>The elemental composition of the samples was obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using two Oxford Ultim Max 100 spectrometers, coupled with scanning electron microscopy imaging (JEOL JSM IT500HR variable-pressure microscope). Measurements were carried out under a partial vacuum (20 Pa) with an acceleration voltage of 20 kV to avoid charging phenomena. The acquisition time was 60 seconds per spectrum over the 0-20 keV energy range. For all EDS spectra, the dead time during acquisition was around 30%, with an average number of counts per spectrum greater than 106.</p> <p>Due to the presence of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) in the same samples, the As L ray series and the Pb M ray series were used for EDS analyses to avoid line overlap with the As K ray series and Pb L ray series. Six measurements were carried out on each sample, with the area analyzed in each measurement being approximately 0.05 mm². For each sample, the compositional mean (Aitchison 1986) of the six measurements was used. Results are expressed as mass percentages, normalized to 100%. Values below 0.5% should be interpreted with caution, but they are retained in the general composition as they provide qualitative information.</p> <p>The file leon_elements.csv contains all elemental compositions, with the following columns:</p> <ul> <li><em>code</em>: sample reference.</li> <li><em>O</em>,<em>Mg</em>,<em>Al</em>,<em>Si</em>,<em>S</em>,<em>Fe</em>,<em>Ni</em>,<em>Cu</em>,<em>Zn</em>,<em>As</em>,<em>Sn</em>,<em>Pb</em>: amounts (%)</li> </ul> <p><strong>Multi-collection mass spectrometry</strong></p> <p>Lead isotope ratios were measured by multi-collection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) at the Service d'Analyse des Roches et Minéraux (SARM) of the Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (UMR 7358 CRPG).</p> <p>Samples were weighed into 15 mL Savillex vial, and HNO3 was added. The solution was heated at 115°C for at least 72 hours, evaporated, then mixed with HCl and heated again for 24 hours or until the sample was completely dissolved. After evaporation, 1 mL of 0.8 M HBr was added to place the sample in the same medium as that used in the ion exchange column.</p> <p>Each sample was loaded onto approximately 50 microliters of AG1X8 resin in micro-columns (see Manhes et al. 1980), then 2 mL of 0.8 M HBr were used for elution. Lead was collected in 2 mL of 6M HCl (4 x 0.5 mL), dried, and redissolved in 1 mL of 0.5 M HNO3.</p> <p>Pb analyses were performed on an MC-ICP-MS (Neptune Plus, Thermo Electron) using Tl (NIST 997) as an external standard for mass bias (White, Albarède, and Télouk 2000). The Tl and Pb values used for NIST 981 are those of Thirlwall (2002).</p> <p>The file leon_isotopes.csv contains all lead isotopes ratios, with the following columns:</p> <ul> <li><em>CRPG</em>, <em>BDX</em>: sample references.</li> <li><em>Pb_206_204</em>, <em>Pb_206_204_error</em>: 206Pb/204Pb ratio and error.</li> <li><em>Pb_207_204</em>, <em>Pb_207_204_error</em>: 207Pb/204Pb ratio and error.</li> <li><em>Pb_208_204</em>, <em>Pb_208_204_error</em>: 208Pb/204Pb ratio and error.</li> <li><em>Pb_207_206</em>, <em>Pb_207_206_error</em>: 207Pb/206Pb ratio and error.</li> <li><em>Pb_206_207</em>, <em>Pb_206_207_error</em>: 206Pb/207Pb ratio and error.</li> <li><em>Pb_208_206</em>, <em>Pb_208_206_error</em>: 208Pb/206Pb ratio and error.</li> </ul>
Generation of transcriptional novelty by transposable element insertions in Arabidopsis, RNAseq Control Condition Sequencing Data
<p><strong>Arabidopsis stranded 150 bp paired end RNA sequencing data (Illumina) of plants that were grown under control conditions for the manuscript "Generation of transcriptional novelty by transposable element insertions in Arabidopsis"</strong></p> <p><strong><strong>Plant growth conditions</strong></strong></p> <p>Sequenced F4 seeds were sterilized for 10 minutes in 10% bleach, rinsed, and stratified at 4°C for four days in the dark before being sown on 0.5x Murashige & Skoog media (Du<em>schefa cat# M0222</em>) and transferred to growth chambers under long day conditions (16h of light at 24°C followed by 8h of darkness at 21°C; 20 seeds per plate, 6 replicate plates). Ten days after sowing, plants were subjected to 6°C for 24 hours and control plants were returned to normal long day growing conditions for 24 hours before harvesting (3 replicate plates per condition).</p> <p><strong><strong>RNA extraction and sequencing</strong></strong></p> <p>Seedlings were harvested and RNA extractions were done on pools of 5 plants. RNA extractions were performed for 3 biological replicate samples for each line in each condition (n=96) using the Macherey-Nagel NucleoSpin RNA kit (cat# 740955.50). Samples were sent to Novogene for Illumina 150bp paired-end sequencing using a stranded poly-A library.</p> <p><strong>RNAseq sample descriptions of the plants grown under control conditions</strong></p> <p>wt_control: wild-type plants.</p> <p>wtHS_control: wild-type plants that have been submitted to heat stress in a previous generation.</p> <p>wtAZ_control: wild-type plants that have been submitted to epigenetic drug treatments (alpha-amanitin and zebularine) in a previous generation.</p> <p>htLine#: plants carrying additional <em>ONSEN</em> transposable element insertions.</p> <p>Files description: Forward and reverse strand RNA seq data are combined in one file. The numbering at the end ("_1") denominates the biological replicate number.</p>
Machine learning models, and training, validation and test datasets for: "Sequence determinants of human gene regulatory elements"
<p>This record contains the training, test and validation datasets used to train and evaluate the machine learning models in manuscript:</p> <p><strong>Sahu, Biswajyoti, et al. "Sequence determinants of human gene regulatory elements." (2021).</strong></p> <p><br> This record contains also the final hyperparameter-optimized models for each training dataset/task combination described in the manuscript. The README-files provided with the record describe the datasets and models in more detail. The datasets deposited here are derived from the original raw data (GEO accession: GSE180158) as described in the Methods of the manuscript.</p>
Armature formula of P1–P4 as follows: P5 (Fig. 2B). With outer seta of BENP arising from long setophore. Endopodal lobe triangular, reaching middle of exopod; with small spinules along outer margin and at base of inner setae; with five elements – one outer subdistal, one apical and one inner subdistal normal seta, and two inner bifurcate elements. Exopod elongate, 2.8 times as long as wide; with spinules along inner margin and with few proximal outer spinules; with six elements – three outer slender, short setae, two apical elements, of which outermost one shorter, and one inner seta. in Proposal of new genera and species of the subfamily Diosaccinae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Miraciidae)
Armature formula of P1–P4 as follows: P5 (Fig. 2B). With outer seta of BENP arising from long setophore. Endopodal lobe triangular, reaching middle of exopod; with small spinules along outer margin and at base of inner setae; with five elements – one outer subdistal, one apical and one inner subdistal normal seta, and two inner bifurcate elements. Exopod elongate, 2.8 times as long as wide; with spinules along inner margin and with few proximal outer spinules; with six elements – three outer slender, short setae, two apical elements, of which outermost one shorter, and one inner seta.
P-elements strengthen reproductive isolation within the Drosophila simulans species complex
Determining mechanisms that underlie reproductive isolation is key to understanding how species boundaries are maintained in nature. Transposable elements (TEs) are ubiquitous across eukaryotic genomes. However, the role of TEs in modulating the strength of reproductive isolation between species is poorly understood. Several species of Drosophila have been found to harbor P-elements (PEs), yet only D. simulans is known to be currently polymorphic for their presence in wild populations. PEs can cause reproductive isolation between PE-containing (P) and PE-lacking (M) lineages of the same species. Here, we use the simulans species complex to assess whether differences in PE status between D. simulans and its sister species, which do not harbor PEs, contribute to multiple barriers to gene flow between species. We show that crosses involving a P-D. simulans father and an M-mother from a sister species exhibit lower F1 female fecundity than crosses involving an M-D. simulans father and an M-sister-species mother. We also find that another TE, I-element, might play a minor role on determining the frequency of dysgenesis between species. Our results suggest that the presence of PEs in a species can strengthen isolation from its sister species, providing evidence that TEs can play a role in isolation. --
FrcuR!l 1.-Details of Callirhipis ouoi: a, male genitalia, dorsal view; b, ventral elements of larval head; c, caudal tergite of male in Rhipiceridae Of Guam
FrcuR!l 1.-Details of Callirhipis ouoi: a, male genitalia, dorsal view; b, ventral elements of larval head; c, caudal tergite of male
FrcuR!l 1.-Details of Callirhipis ouoi: a, male genitalia, dorsal view; b, ventral elements of larval head; c, caudal tergite of male. in Rhipiceridae Of Guam
FrcuR!l 1.-Details of Callirhipis ouoi: a, male genitalia, dorsal view; b, ventral elements of larval head; c, caudal tergite of male.
FIG. 9. — Element 1818 in Animal Management, preparation and sacrifice: reconstructing burial 6 at the Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan, México
FIG. 9. — Element 1818: A, in situ in Burial 6; B, deformed right femoral shaft; C, head injury along the nuchal crest; D, right innonimate with deformed acetabulum.
FIG. 8. — Element 2246 in Animal Management, preparation and sacrifice: reconstructing burial 6 at the Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan, México
FIG. 8. — Element 2246: A, pathology on the distal humeri, B, breakage along the occipital region of the cranium; C, perforation on the left coracoids bone.
Fig. 4. Miscellaneous postcranial elements. A in Paleontology and Geochronology of the Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Moquegua, Perú
Fig. 4. Miscellaneous postcranial elements. A, phorusrhacoid claw (MUSM 351), in lateral and plantar views; B, dasypodid osteoderm (MUSM 1604) from the articulating region of the carapace; C, macraucheniid metapodial (MUSM 349) in dorsal, lateral, and plantar views; and D, right cuboid (MUSM 669) in dorsal and medial views.
FIG. 5 in Pannonictis nestii (Galictinae, Mustelidae), a new element in the vertebrate association of the human site of Pirro Nord (Italy, Early Pleistocene)
FIG. 5. — Scatter diagram of hemimandibles of different specimens. Measures (in mm) taken at M 1 level. Measurements of Pannonictis nestii (Martelli, 1906) holotype, P. nestii from Pietrafitta are from Rook (1995). Measurements of P. cf. nestii from Atapuerca are from García & Howell (2008). Measurements of P. pilgrimi Kormos, 1933 and P. pliocaenica Kormos, 1931 are from Kormos (1931, 1933- 1934). Measurements of P. pachygnatha (Teilhard de Chardin & Piveteau, 1930) are from Teilhard de Chardin & Pivetau (1930).
FIG. 3. — A, B in Pannonictis nestii (Galictinae, Mustelidae), a new element in the vertebrate association of the human site of Pirro Nord (Italy, Early Pleistocene)
FIG. 3. — A, B, Pannonictis nestii (Martelli, 1906), holotype: left hemimandible (IGF 916) from Upper Valdarno in lingual (A) and labial (B) views; C-G, Pannonictis nestii from Pirro 10: left hemimandible (PU 120257) in lingual (C) and labial (D) views; juvenile right hemimandible (PU 126946; reversed pictures) in lingual (E), occlusal (F) and labial (G) views; H-P, Pannonictis nestii from Pirro 10: H, I, left lower canine (PU 118847) in lingual (H) and labial (I) views; J, K, right lower canine (PU 118848) in lingual (J) and labial (K) views; L, M, right upper canine (PU 118846) in lingual (L) and labial (M) views; N-P, left P4 (PU 120242) in labial (N), lingual (O) and occlusal (P) views. Scale bars: 10 mm. Photos of elements A and B, courtesy of Saulo Bambi (Museo di Storia Naturale, Firenze).
FIG. 4 in Pannonictis nestii (Galictinae, Mustelidae), a new element in the vertebrate association of the human site of Pirro Nord (Italy, Early Pleistocene)
FIG. 4. — Pannonictis nestii (Martelli, 1906) from Pirro 10, left humerus (PU 129095) in anterior (A), posterior (B), lateral (C) and medial (D) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 2 in Pannonictis nestii (Galictinae, Mustelidae), a new element in the vertebrate association of the human site of Pirro Nord (Italy, Early Pleistocene)
FIG. 2. — View of the Dell'Erba quarry (A) and details on the Pirro 10 fissure (B) during the excavation campaign of 2007; the hemimandible of Pannonictis nestii (Martelli, 1906) still in the sediment before removing (C, white arrow).
Text-fig. 1. Schematic drawing, demonstrating the basic endoskeletal elements of the craniate head. Sclerotomic derivatives red and pharyngoqualar derivatives yellow. b: basal pharyngoqualar segment; c: ceratal pharyngoqualar segment; ct: cartilago teniformis (blue); e: epal pharyngoqualar segment; gr: gill rays; h: hypal pharyngoqualar segment; la: lower arcual element; lt: laterotectal element; mt: mediotectal element; n: notochord (green); s: summital pharyngoqualar segment; t: telical pharyngoqualar segment; ua: upper arcual element. in Cartilago Teniformis And Its Derivatives: Additional Information On The Basic Composition And Evolution Of The Skull
Text-fig. 1. Schematic drawing, demonstrating the basic endoskeletal elements of the craniate head. Sclerotomic derivatives red and pharyngoqualar derivatives yellow. b: basal pharyngoqualar segment; c: ceratal pharyngoqualar segment; ct: cartilago teniformis (blue); e: epal pharyngoqualar segment; gr: gill rays; h: hypal pharyngoqualar segment; la: lower arcual element; lt: laterotectal element; mt: mediotectal element; n: notochord (green); s: summital pharyngoqualar segment; t: telical pharyngoqualar segment; ua: upper arcual element.
Fig. 21 in Element Homology and the Evolution of Dental Formulae in Megachiropteran Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Pteropodidae)
Fig. 21. Optimization of the absence [0] and presence [1] of m3 in the optimal tree from the combined analysis of Giannini and Simmons (2005; modified from their fig. 7). Dotted branches connect nodes with ambiguous final assignments [0/1]. Some internal node assignments are omitted for clarity.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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