Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
795
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
795 results for “fluctuations”
Data from: What kind of maternal effects can be selected for in fluctuating environments?
Just as phenotypic plasticity can evolve when developing individuals get informational cues about their future adult environment, deterministic maternal effects, where offspring trait values depend on the maternal environment, can evolve when mothers gain reliable information about the environments their offspring will face. Randomizing maternal effects (a type of diversifying bet hedging), where offspring trait values are randomized, can evolve by natural selection even when information about future environments is unavailable. We investigate selection on both randomizing and deterministic maternal effects in environments that show correlated fluctuations between two environmental states. We compare the strength of selection for deterministic and randomizing maternal effects and explicitly consider maternal fitness costs of producing offspring with different phenotypes. Only a small set of environmental parameters allow randomizing maternal effects to outcompete deterministic maternal effects; not only must there be little or no information available about future environments, but the frequency of each environment must fall within a narrow range. By contrast, deterministic maternal effects can always invade an ancestral state lacking a maternal effect even if the amount of environmental information available is low. The long-term outcome may involve offspring trait value randomization but only if trait values first evolve to cause extreme differences in environment-specific fitness. Overall, deterministic maternal effects are more likely to evolve by natural selection than randomizing maternal effects.
Data underpinning "Transmon platform for quantum computing challenged by chaotic fluctuations"
<p>Data set underlying the figures in the article "Transmon platform for quantum computing challenged by chaotic fluctuations" (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29940-y)</p><p>From the perspective of many-body physics, the transmon qubit architectures currently developed for quantum computing are systems of coupled nonlinear quantum resonators. A certain amount of intentional frequency detuning ('disorder') is crucially required to protect individual qubit states against the destabilizing effects of nonlinear resonator coupling. In our paper, we investigate the stability of this variant of a many-body localized phase for system parameters relevant to current quantum processors developed by the IBM, Delft, and Google consortia, considering the cases of natural or engineered disorder. Applying three independent diagnostics of localization theory — a Kullback–Leibler analysis of spectral statistics, statistics of many-body wave functions (inverse participation ratios), and a Walsh transform of the many-body spectrum — we find that some of these computing platforms are dangerously close to a phase of uncontrollable chaotic fluctuations.</p>
The stability of competitive metacommunities is insensitive to dispersal connectivity in a fluctuating environment
<p>This repository contains four archived folders: 1) all the codes and parameter sets for the simulations, 2) codes to analyse and visualise the simulation outputs, 3) simulation output files and other data files necessary for the analysis, and 4) library management files for julia lang. Please refer to README.txt for the descriptions of the files.</p>
Fig. 3 in Fluctuating asymmetry and oxidative stress indicate environmental stress of Cane toads Rhinella marina
Fig. 3. Antioxidant enzyme activity and oxidative stress of R. marina. a) SOD activity, b) Total antioxidant capacity units are Trolox nmol, c) Lipid peroxidation. Different letters show different means.
Fig. 2 in Fluctuating asymmetry and oxidative stress indicate environmental stress of Cane toads Rhinella marina
Fig. 2. а) Spatial conformation of landmarks to testing FA of the body of toads that consisted of 22 landmarks, where landmarks 1 and 12 were located on axis of the symmetry. b) The Procrustes consensus for all original and reflected configurations, being perfectly symmetric. c) The fluctuating asymmetry is shown as the difference between the averages of all original and reflected configurations (black dots). For comparison, the plot shows the overall symmetric (grey dots) and asymmetric Procrustes consensus and reflects variation of landmarks in left and right sides.
Fig. 1 in Fluctuating asymmetry and oxidative stress indicate environmental stress of Cane toads Rhinella marina
Fig. 1. Traits measured for fluctuating asymmetry assessment of the toad R. marina. Radius-Ulna (RU), Humerus (Hu), Femur (F), Tibia-Fibula (TF), Tarsal, Metatarsal, Phalange (TMPh 1,2,3,4,5), Abdomen (Ab), Head (He). We measured the distance from the right side (Rw) and left side (Lw).
Data for the paper "Fock State Sampling Method – Characteristic temperature of maximal fluctuations for interacting bosons in box potentials"
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for the paper "Microcanonical and canonical fluctuations in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates – Fock state sampling approach"
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Basal force fluctuations and granular rheology: Linking macroscopic descriptions of granular flows to bed forces with implications for monitoring signals
<p>Herein lies user defined functions, submission scripts, and intitial particle data necessary to build a discrete element solver (using MFiX-DEM version 21.1.1: https://mfix.netl.doe.gov/products/mfix/) and run a monodisperse pure granular flow with 5mm beads in a shear cell configuration. Contained within this dataset are particle velocity and force data for the entire collection of particles ('VELOCITY<em>'* </em>and 'FORCES*.DAT', respectively). This dataset also contains particle-force data recorded at the bottom force plate, writen at 10 kHz. Two MATLAB scripts are included for post processing the force plate data. </p>
Replication Materials for "Weather, Credit, and Economic Fluctuations: Evidence from China", JEBO, 2024
<p>Replication Materials for "Weather, Credit, and Economic Fluctuations: Evidence from China" by Zhenzhu Chen, Li Li and Yao Tang</p> <p>All codes were written and run with Matlab R2023a, and require the "Empirical macro toolbox" by Filippo Ferroni and Fabio canova</p> <p>For additional information, please contact Yao Tang at yao.tang.77@gmail.com. </p>
Ultrasound-guided four-nerve combined block and spinal anesthesia in below-the-knee limb amputation in the elderly and blood pressure fluctuations
<p>Here is a set of retrospective data from 72 samples of below-the-knee amputations, including gender, age, surgery time, anesthesia maintenance time, postoperative opioid dosage, and intraoperative blood pressure, as well as the calculated systolic and diastolic blood pressure variability, and the amount of fluid infusion and blood loss during surgery.</p>
Does fluctuating asymmetry of wing traits capture relative environmental stress in a lepidopteran?
<p></p> <p><b>Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) may be a useful predictor of population canalization, especially for organisms at risk from environmental change.</b></p> <ol> <li> <p><b>Identification of traits that meet statistical criteria as FA measures remains a challenge.</b></p> </li> <li> <p><b>In the present study, a laboratory experiment subjected immature butterflies (Vanessa cardui) to a range of diet and temperature conditions of varying stress levels. Variation in dietary macronutrient ratio (protein: carbohydrate) and rearing temperature (optimal: 25°C; elevated: 32°C) were introduced as stressors.</b></p> </li> <li> <p><b>Individuals subjected to stressful conditions were predicted to show elevated FA of three wing size traits.</b></p> </li> <li> <p><b>While FA of all three traits proved measurable, it did not vary across diet and temperature treatments. Instead, treatment levels impacted viability: the combined incidence of death prior to eclosion and expression of significant wing malformations increased in treatment levels predicted to increase FA. Variation in adult dry mass also reflected predicted stress levels. Results suggest that predicted FA variation was not found because individuals predicted to display increased FA either died or displayed gross developmental aberrations.</b></p> </li> <li> <p><b>This experiment illustrates important constraints on the investigation of FA, including selection of appropriate traits and identification of appropriate levels of stressors to avoid elevated mortality. The latter concern brings into question the utility of FA as an indicator of stress in vulnerable, natural populations, where stress levels are rarely controlled, and mortality and fitness effects are often not quantifiable.</b></p> </li> </ol>
Bonneville Salt Flats saline pan ground and surface water fluctuations, geochemical, and well construction data
<p>Data archive of geochemical, water depth, and brine flux data for the Bonneville Salt Flats.</p> <p> </p>
Fluctuating exposures to UV radiation and Erythromycin result in increased mean and variance in fitness in novel environments
<p>List of non-synonymous mutations identified in populations subjected to UV radiation and Erythromycin. Mutations identified in whole-population as well as in sub-populations resistant to either rifampicin or nalidixic acid are listed in separate files.</p>
Data from: Effective specialist or jack of all trades? Experimental evolution of a crop pest in fluctuating and stable environments
<p>Understanding pest evolution in agricultural systems is crucial for developing effective and innovative pest control strategies. Types of cultivation, such as crop monocultures versus polycultures or crop rotation, may act as a selective pressure on pests' capability to exploit the host's resources. In this study, we examined the herbivorous mite <em>Aceria tosichella</em> (commonly known as wheat curl mite), a widespread wheat pest, to understand how fluctuating versus stable environments influence its niche breadth and ability to utilize different host plant species. We subjected a wheat-bred mite population to replicated experimental evolution in a single-host environment (either wheat or barley), or in an alternation between these two plant species every three mite generations. Next, we tested the fitness of these evolving populations on wheat, barley, and on two other plant species not encountered during experimental evolution, namely rye and smooth brome. Our results revealed that the niche breadth of <em>A. tosichella</em> evolved in response to the level of environmental variability. The fluctuating environment expanded the niche breadth by increasing the mite's ability to utilize different plant species, including novel ones. Such an environment may thus promote flexible host-use generalist phenotypes. However, the niche expansion resulted in some costs expressed as reduced performances on both wheat and barley as compared to specialists. Stable host environments led to specialized phenotypes. The population that evolved in a constant environment consisting of barley increased its fitness on barley without the cost of utilizing wheat. However, the population evolving on wheat did not significantly increase its fitness on wheat, but decreased its performance on barley. Altogether, our results indicated that, depending on the degree of environmental heterogeneity, agricultural systems create different conditions that influence pests' niche breadth evolution, which may in turn affect the ability of pests to persist in such systems.</p>
Fluctuating starvation conditions modify host-symbiont relationship between a leaf beetle and its newly identified gregarine species
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Gregarines are ubiquitous endosymbionts in invertebrates, including terrestrial insects. However, the biodiversity of gregarines is probably vastly underestimated and the knowledge about their role in shaping fitness-related traits of their host in dependence of fluctuating environmental conditions is limited. Using morphological and molecular analyses, we identified a new gregarine species, <em>Gregarina cochlearium</em> sp. n., in the mustard leaf beetle, <em>Phaedon cochleariae</em>. Applying a full-factorial design, we investigated the effects of a gregarine infection in combination with fluctuating starvation conditions during the larval stage on the development time and fitness-related traits of adult beetles. Under benign environmental conditions, the relationship between gregarines and the host seemed neutral, as host development, body mass, reproduction and survival were not altered by a gregarine infection. However, when additionally exposed to starvation, the combination of gregarine infection and this stress resulted in the lowest reproduction and survival of the host, which points to a parasitic relationship. Furthermore, when the host experienced starvation, the development time was prolonged and the adult females were lighter compared to non-starved individuals, independent of the presence of gregarines. Counting of gregarines in the guts of larvae revealed a lower gregarine load with increasing host body mass under stable food conditions, which indicates a regulation of the gregarine burden in dependence of the host condition. Contrary, in starved individuals the number of gregarines was the highest, hence the already weakened host suffered additionally from a higher gregarine burden. This interactive effect between gregarine infection and fluctuating starvation conditions led to an overall reduced fitness of <em>P. cochleariae</em>. Our study emphasises the need to study endosymbionts as important components of the natural environment and to investigate the role of host-symbiont relationships under fluctuating environmental conditions in an evolutionary and ecological context.</span></p>
Does stress mess with rodents' heads? Influence of habitat availability and genetic factors in mandible fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in South American water rats (Nectomys squamipes, Sigmodontinae) from Brazilian Atlantic rainforest remnants
<p>Loss of developmental stability can lead to deviations from bilateral symmetry (i.e. Fluctuating Asymmetry -FA), and is thought to be caused by environmental and genetic factors associated with habitat loss and stress. Therefore, levels of FA might be a valuable tool to monitor wild populations if FA serves an indicator of exposure to stress due to impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation. In studies examining FA and habitat fragmentation, FA levels are often explained by loss of genetic variation, though few studies have addressed FA's use as indicator of environmental impact. Here we investigated whether habitat loss, genetic variation and/or inbreeding affect the developmental instability in Brazilian Atlantic rainforest populations of a Neotropical water rat (Nectomys squamipes). We sampled individuals from eight forest remnants with different amounts of available habitat and assessed FA levels with geometric morphometric techniques using adult mandibles. We used observed heterozygosity (Ho) and inbreeding coefficient (Fis), from seven microsatellite markers, as a proxy of genetic variation at individual and population levels. Populations were not significantly different for shape or size FA levels. Furthermore inter-individual variation in both shape and size FA levels, as well as inter-populational differences in size FA levels, were best explained by chance. However, habitat availability was negatively associated with both inter-populational variance and average shape FA levels. This association was stronger in populations living in areas with less than 20% of habitat available, which presented higher variance and higher average of FA, suggesting that Nectomys squamipes might have a tolerance threshold to small availability of habitat. Our work was one of the first to use FA to address environmental stress caused by reduced habitat availability in small mammal populations from a Neotropical biome. We suggest that shape FA might serve as a conservation tool to monitor human impact on natural animal populations.</p>
Data from: Seed masting causes fluctuations in optimum litter size and lag load in a seed predator
The episodic production of large seed crops by some perennial plants (masting) is known to increase seed escape by alternately starving and swamping seed predators. These pulses of resources might also act as an agent of selection on the life histories of seed predators, which could indirectly enhance seed escape by inducing an evolutionary load on seed predator populations. We measured natural selection on litter size of female North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) across 28 years and five white spruce (Picea glauca) masting events. Observed litter sizes were similar to optimum litter sizes during non-mast years but were well below optimum litter sizes during mast years. Mast events, therefore, caused selection for larger litters (' = 0.25) and a lag load (L = 0.25) on red squirrels during mast years. Reduced juvenile recruitment associated with this lag load increased the number of spruce cones escaping squirrel predation. Although, offspring and parents often experienced opposite environments with respect to the mast, we found no effect of environmental mismatches across generations on either offspring survival or population growth. Instead, squirrels plastically increased litter sizes in anticipation of mast events, which partially, although not completely, reduced the lag load resulting from this change in food availability. These results, therefore, suggest that in addition to ecological and behavioural effects on seed predators, mast seed production can further enhance seed escape by inducing maladaptation in seed predators through fluctuations in optimal trait values.
Trachemys scripta gene expression data under constant and fluctuating incubation temperatures
<p>There is ample research demonstrating that temperature can have complex effects on biological processes, including the timing of when organisms respond to temperature; some responses occur rapidly while others require an extended exposure time. However, most of what we know about temperature effects comes from studies using constant temperature conditions, which are not reflective of natural, fluctuating temperatures. Species with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) present an ideal system to study the temporal aspects of the temperature response because prior research has established a number of temperature-responsive genes involved in TSD, albeit under constant temperatures. To investigate potential differences in the timing of sexual development between constant and fluctuating incubation temperatures, we exposed <em>Trachemys scripta</em> embryos to two conditions that produce males (constant 26°C and 26 ± 3°C) and two that produce females (constant 31°C and 31 ± 3°C), and sampled embryonic gonads for gene expression analysis via qPCR.We analyzed three genes involved in testis differentiation (<em>Kdm6b</em>, <em>Dmrt1</em>, and <em>Sox9</em>) and two genes involved in ovary differentiation (<em>Foxl2</em> and <em>Cyp19A1</em>). Results show that <em>Kdm6b</em> expression was significantly lower under fluctuating temperatures compared to constant temperatures. <em>Foxl2 </em>and <em>Cyp19A1</em> expression were also lower under fluctuating temperatures, but not at all stages of development. These results suggest that constant temperatures caused increases in both <em>Foxl2</em> and <em>Cyp19A1</em> expression earlier (developmental stage 20) than fluctuating temperatures (stages 22 and 23). <em>Dmrt1</em> and <em>Sox9</em> expression did not differ between constant and fluctuating temperatures. These results highlight that not all genes in a temperature-dependent process respond to temperature in the same manner. Whether there are functional consequences of this variation remains to be determined.</p>
Biological and physiological responses of Bradysia odoriphaga 4th instar larvae to long-term constant and fluctuating mild heat stress
<p>Global climate change can expose insects to high-temperature stress, including extreme and mild heat stress. For soil insects, mild heat stress is more common than extreme heat stress. High summer temperature is a key barrier for Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae), a devastating soil pest of vegetables in China. The 4th instar larvae possess the strongest thermal tolerance to high temperatures. To determine whether the 4th instar larvae of B. odoriphaga possess other adaptations to summer mild heat stress besides thermal plasticity, we evaluated the biological performance of 4th instar larvae under constant and fluctuating long-term mild heat stress. The physiological responses were studied including energy storage, hormone level, and expression of related genes. Bioassay results indicated that 4th instar larvae survived, without pupation, for more than 40 days under long-term mild heat stress (34°C). Combined with constant and fluctuating treatment, mild heat stress delayed larval development, reduced longevity, and reduced fecundity. However, a summer diapause-like phenomenon was observed, including larval development stasis under mild heat stress and a prolonged recovery time after mild heat stress. Protective physiological responses were involved in regulating the larval stage including accumulating fat and glycogen, a high level of juvenile hormone, and a low level of molting hormone. Also, high expression levels of hsp70 and hsp90 were detected. The delayed development of B. odoriphaga 4th instar larvae appears to be a special adaptation strategy to withstand mild heat stress in summer, and it is regulated by complex physiological processes.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.