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FIGURE 5 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 5. Habitat of Ecnomiohyla bailarina A) understory area where holotype was caught; B-C) forest structure from an open area; D) canopy forest; E) Cerro Bailarín, view from a ridge to 900 m a.s.l.; F) understory at Cerro Bailarín.
FIGURE 2 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood consensus tree of the 16S mtDNA gene, for the Ecnomiohyla spp. from lower Central America. Specimen labels refer to collection or museum number. Scale bar refers to number of substitutions per site. Maximum likelihood bootstrap values are shown in front of slash mark, Bayesian posterior probabilities (multiplied by 100) behind slash mark.
FIGURE 1 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 1. Distribution of the Ecnomiohyla spp. in lower Central America (main map). See Table 1 for detailed information on the localities.
FIGURE 7 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 7. Photographs of the holotype of Ecnomiohyla veraguensis in life. A) lateral view (night time); B) dorsal view (day time); C) frontal view; D) at the moment of encounter; E-F) voucher specimen of E. fimbrimembra (SMF89857).
FIGURE 9 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 9. Ecnomiohyla fimbrimembra (SMF89857), preserved male specimen from Panama. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view; C) head in profile; D) head dorsally; E) right hand dorsally; F) right hand ventrally; G) right foot dorsally; H) right foot ventrally. Scale bars= 10 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 4. Photographs of preserved holotype of Ecnomiohyla bailarina. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view; C) head in profile; D) head dorsally; E) right hand dorsally; F) right hand ventrally; G) right foot dorsally; H) right foot ventrally. Scale bars = 10 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 10. Details of the thumb and the keratinized black spines on prepollex, A) Ecnomiohyla fimbrimembra (SMF89857); B) E. veraguensis (SMF89877); C) E. bailarina (SMF97398); D) E. sukia (SMF94578). Scale bars= 1 mm
FIGURE 3 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 3. Photographs of the holotype of Ecnomiohyla bailarina in life. A) lateral view; B) dorsal view; C) frontal view; D) profile; E) ventral coloration; F) prepollical spines on right hand.
FIGURE 6 in Two new fringe-limbed frogs of the genus Ecnomiohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Panama
FIGURE 6. Ecnomiohyla thysanota, Holotype (USNM151080), preserved specimen. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view; C) head dorsally; D) head in profile; E) right hand dorsally; F) right hand ventrally; G) right foot dorsally; H) right foot ventrally.
Case Study Scenarios (CSS) 3 for Biomass Burning for Limb Nadir application
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
CAIRT/IASI-NG+S5/CAIRT+IASI-NG+S5 FL2S results of Case Study Scenario (CSS) 9 for filament for limb-nadir application
<p>Results of the fast level-2 simulator (FL2S) for Case Study Scenarios 9 (only Ozone files) for limb-nadir application. The files contain altitude-time cross-sections of atmospheric parameters along simulated CAIRT-orbits. The variable extensions denote the original field ('_ori'), the application of the averaging kernel ('_ak') and additional application of noise ('_aknoi') for CAIRT alone, IASI-NG + Sentinel 5 (Sentinel 5 only during day time), and the combined product CAIRT+IASI-NG+Sentinel 5.</p>
Investigation of cirrus clouds properties in the Tropical Tropopause Layer using high-altitude limb scanning near-IR spectroscopy during the NASA-ATTREX Experiment
<p>Data results of the findings of the AMT-2023-85 research article, titled: "Investigation of cirrus clouds properties in the Tropical Tropopause Layer using high-altitude limb scanning near-IR spectroscopy during the NASA-ATTREX Experiment", submitted to the Atmospheric Measurement Techniques journal on 20 Apr 2023.</p>
Error Related Potential in motion to stop the gait with a lower limb exoskeleton
<h2>Description</h2> <p>This dataset contains EEG signals from experiments designed to evoke Error-Related Potentials (ErrP) in motion, during gait using a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) to control a lower limb exoskeleton. The ErrP is elicited using Tactile stimuli that activates while walking and, once it deactivates, the exoskeleton stops.</p> <p>The experiment consists in a circuit with color marks on the floor, with 4 regions: 2 Gait Regions, where the subject has to keep walking, and 2 Stop Regions, where the subject tries to stop the exoskeleton using motor imagination. At the beginning of each repetition, the exoskeleton activates automatically and, while walking, they must perform two mental tasks: Relax (R), at Gair Regions to keep walking, and Motor Imagery (I) of stop, at Stop Regions to deactivate the exoskeleton and stop. These tasks can be executed correctly (RC, IC) or incorrectly (RE, IE). Since it is an open-loop experiment and the subject is never in control of the system, tasks are correctly performed 70% of the time (RC, IC), while the remaining 30% are incorrect (RE, IE). </p> <p>For instance, one the subject enters in the Gait Region and maintains an idle state while walking to continue with the gait. In RC (Relax Correct) they cross the region without any stop, but in RE (Relax Error) the feedback activates and the exoskeleton erroneously stops. Conversely, in IC (Imagination Correct, the subject imagines the sensation of stop walking in their muscles, and the feeedback activates and the exoskeleton stops the gait, but during IE (Imagination Error), they walk through the region and the exoskeleton does not stop despite the motor imagery. Therefore, ErrP is elicited by the stimuli in RE and can be compared with the absence of ErrP (NoErrP) in IC, where the stimulus activates but should not evoke an error.</p> <p>Each subject participates in three sessions, consisting of 20 trials. In each trial, 4 mental tasks are performed, 2 Relax and 2 Imagination, interleaved. Thus, in each session, a total of 12 ErrP and 28 NoErrP signals are recorded in the dataset. Except subject R06, who only participated in 2 sessions. </p> <p> </p> <h2>Data information</h2> <p>A trial consists of a Matlab structure that stores all information related to the trial experiment. </p> <ul> <li><em>data_EEG</em>: Original EEG signals recorded with a sampling rate of 250Hz, where each row is a channel (1-28 EEG, 29-32 EOG, 33-35 inertial electrodes).</li> <li><em>data_preprocessed_EEG</em>: Matrix that contains the preprocessed signals for each channel. Rows 1-35 are the original signals and then, the preprocessed signals in blocks of 35. Find the indexes of each filter in <em>session.conf.info.preprocessingSteps.ListPreprocessingSteps</em>.</li> <li><em>trigger_EEG</em>: Information related to signal quality and missing data while recording. </li> <li><em>data_EXO</em>: Exoskeleton recorded data with a sampling rate of 250Hz.</li> <li><em>data_preprocessed_EXO: </em>The same data recorded by the exoskeleton in <em>data_EXO</em>, since it does not require the application of any filter.</li> <li><em>trigger_EXO</em>: Empty vector. </li> <li><em>data_Actuators</em>: Arduino response when activates (1) and deactivates (-1) the feedback. </li> <li><em>data_preprocessed_Actuators: </em>The same Arduino resposes recorded in <em>data_Actuators</em>, because it does not require any filter application. </li> <li><em>trigger_Actuators</em>: Empty vector. </li> <li><em>task_EEG</em>: Vector that associates a task to each signal sample.</li> <li><em>task_index_EEG</em>: Zero vector with negative peaks at the samples indicating the start of a task. Each peak decrements by one unit with each task. </li> <li><em>task_order_EEG</em>: Vector that increments a unit with each task change. </li> <li><em>event_EEG</em>: Vector of commands to activate (1) and deactivate (-1) the feedback in Arduino. </li> <li><em>conf</em>: Configuration employed for data acquisition and preprocessing. <ul> <li><em>acquisition</em>: User and signals acquisition information. <ul> <li><em>user_code</em>: User code name.</li> <li><em>feedback</em>: Trial in openloop (User do not have control of the system).</li> <li><em>feedbackErrP</em>: Feedback type employed during the trial.</li> <li><em>readfile</em>: Path to read files after its acquisition.</li> <li><em>saveSession_Script</em>: Script used to save the recorded data.</li> <li><em>writeResults</em>: Path to save the recorded data.</li> <li><em>device</em>: List of connected devices during the trial and their related information, such as name, sampling rate, connection order, etc. </li> <li><em>task</em>: Information about tasks occurring during the trial. <ul> <li><em>task_list</em>: Decodes tasks numbers. The first number is the global task/mental activity, the second one is the physiological state of the user, and the third one indicates the task version (preparation or basic task).</li> <li><em>sequence_tasks</em>: List of tasks in order of execution.</li> <li><em>sequence_times</em>: List with the duration of each task in the sequence.</li> </ul> </li> <li><em>deviceOutput</em>: List of devices that receive commands to execute orders, such as the exoskeleton for walking and stopping and the VibroLed for turning feeedback on and off.</li> <li><em>eye_index</em>: Indexes of EOG electrodes.</li> <li><em>EEG_index</em>: Indexes of EEG electrodes.</li> <li><em>inertial_index</em>: Indexes of inertial electrodes.</li> <li><em>file_name</em>: Trial name.</li> <li><em>num_epochs</em>: Number of epochs within a trial. An epoch is the half of sampling rate (250Hz), this means that an epoch has a duration of 0.5s and 125 samples. </li> </ul> </li> <li><em>preadjustment</em>: Empty list. </li> <li><em>preprocessing</em>: Information of the preprocessing filters, parameters and order of application.</li> <li><em>processing</em>: Not necessary for this analysis. </li> <li><em>static</em>: Information used internally by the architecture for its correct operation.</li> <li><em>info</em>: Important information about filters, their order and indexes in <em>data_processed_EEG</em>.</li> </ul> </li> <li><em>times</em>: Struct with information of the devices synchronization and preprocessing times.</li> <li><em>times_processing</em>: Processing duration times. </li> </ul>
Ultrasound-guided four-nerve combined block and spinal anesthesia in below-the-knee limb amputation in the elderly and blood pressure fluctuations
<p>Here is a set of retrospective data from 72 samples of below-the-knee amputations, including gender, age, surgery time, anesthesia maintenance time, postoperative opioid dosage, and intraoperative blood pressure, as well as the calculated systolic and diastolic blood pressure variability, and the amount of fluid infusion and blood loss during surgery.</p>
The functional diversity of marsupial limbs is influenced by both ecology and developmental constraint
<p>Extant marsupials are less ecologically diverse than placentals, and this is reflected by placentals exhibiting a greater diversity of locomotor modes, including powered flight and fully aquatic swimming. One proposed explanation for this discrepancy is that the development of more disparate marsupial forelimbs is prevented by the neonate's crawl to the pouch, which requires precocious forelimb development for climbing adaptations. To test predictions of this Developmental Constraint Hypothesis, we pursue a comparative morphometric study on osteological traits of mammalian limbs, with an emphasis on functional differentiation of marsupial limbs among locomotor modes. We apply multivariate analyses to a large dataset of limb metrics and a diverse sample of mammals, with the placental sample limited to taxa whose locomotor modes are exhibited in marsupials. Overall, we do not find consistent evidence in support of the Developmental Constraint Hypothesis. Diprotodontia serves as an exception, with comparisons of their forelimbs to hind limbs supporting the Developmental Constraint Hypothesis. Our results suggest that developmental constraints on marsupial forelimbs may have limited marsupial diversity to some degree. Despite this, the marsupial locomotor groups show unexpectedly high levels of morphological differentiation relative to placentals of the same locomotor modes, indicating that ecological functions may overcome developmental constraints on a macroevolutionary scale.</p>
Thermal plasticity of setae of the second limb of Daphnia
<p>These data are associated with a study that tests the hypothesis of thermal plasticity in the rigid setae of the second limb of Daphnia. The data are body size and length measurements (mm) of three limb setae (limb 2; endite 2). The second seta is often called the "rigid" seta because it is heavily chitinized. In all, 300 specimens of Daphnia (including Daphnia umbra and Daphnia galeata) were dissected from four sets of clonal thermal transfers and seasonal variants from nature. Specimens of D. galeata were cultured under identical conditions save temperature (10 and 20◦C). Clonal neonates were reciprocally transferred across temperature regimes to determine the degree of postnatal plasticity.</p>
Raw data for "Preclinical upper- limb neurorobotic platform to assess, rehabilitate and develop therapies"
<p>Source data for all figures. Tabulated data underlying the data points in all plots of each individual figure.</p>
Developing an in-depth understanding of the prevalence, risk factors and treatment recommendations for phantom limb pain, and patient-generated care priorities for people who have undergone lower limb amputations.
<p>The file holds data collected for a series of four studies on phantom limb pain. </p>
FIGURE. Floral habit and structure of C. spongifolia. A. Type specimen in situ with open, spathe limb (apex is reflexed out of view), and green spathe tube (ca. 6 cm long). B. Adjacent plant with inflorescences and prophylls. C. Spadix showing from top: sterile appendix, staminate (male) zone, sterile interstice, and green pistillate (female) zone with tapered, conical form. D. Detail of female zone showing a few basal staminodes. E–G. Berries of the preserved type specimen. G. Dissected berry with orthotropous ovules (some outlined) attached by funicles to parietal placentae (arrows). H. Surface of male zone showing closely-packed synandria. I. Synandria separated to show fused anther sacs beneath apical pores (example in center has 8 pores, 8 anthers) J. Mature fruiting head, with single berry removed to show seed packing and 67 seeds extracted (scale bar units: 1 mm) (Bach Ma NP; type 2020; fruit and seeds 2018). Photos: NVD and PJM. in Colocasia spongifolia sp. nov. (Araceae) in southern China and central Vietnam
FIGURE. Floral habit and structure of C. spongifolia. A. Type specimen in situ with open, spathe limb (apex is reflexed out of view), and green spathe tube (ca. 6 cm long). B. Adjacent plant with inflorescences and prophylls. C. Spadix showing from top: sterile appendix, staminate (male) zone, sterile interstice, and green pistillate (female) zone with tapered, conical form. D. Detail of female zone showing a few basal staminodes. E–G. Berries of the preserved type specimen. G. Dissected berry with orthotropous ovules (some outlined) attached by funicles to parietal placentae (arrows). H. Surface of male zone showing closely-packed synandria. I. Synandria separated to show fused anther sacs beneath apical pores (example in center has 8 pores, 8 anthers) J. Mature fruiting head, with single berry removed to show seed packing and 67 seeds extracted (scale bar units: 1 mm) (Bach Ma NP; type 2020; fruit and seeds 2018). Photos: NVD and PJM.
FIGURE 9 in A new redescription of Daphnia pusilla (Serventy, 1929) (Cladocera: Daphniidae) with emphasis on the thoracic limbs of Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) Dybowski & Grochowski, 1895
FIGURE 9. Daphnia pusilla, thoracic limbs of adult male from a pond in Cape Portland, NE Tasmania. A–B, limb I. C, armature of seta of outer distal lobe of limb I. D, setae 2 and 2' on inner limb I portion. E, distal portion of limb II. F. seta 1 on inner-distal limb II portion. G, limb V. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.