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553 results for “soil communities”
Tea seed meal application promoted microbial community diversity in the soil of peach orchard
<p><span>Soil microbes are indispensable in agricultural production, and they respond differently to different fertilization regimes. However, there is limited understating of microbial composition and function responses to an organic fertilizer tea seed meal (TSM) and conventional fertilizer. Here we first reported the change rules and functions of soil microbial community in peach orchard soil after application of compound fertilizer plus urea (CFU) and different amounts (1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.00 kg) of TSM. Compared to CFU, the application of 1.25, 2.50 and 3.75 kg TSM significantly decreased the Chao1 index of bacterial community in peach orchard soil. The Shannon index of bacterial and fungal communities in 2.50 kg TSM treatment was significantly higher than that in CFU. Beta diversity analysis of bacteria and fungi (based on Bray-Curtis matrix and OTUs level) revealed significant structural differences among all five experimental groups (ANOSIM, bacteria: R= 0.665, p = 0.001; fungi: R= 0.996, p = 0.001). The TSM treatments significantly decreased the relative abundances of potentially unfriendly bacteria (<em>Acidothermus</em>, <em>Acidicaldus</em>, </span><span><em>Sphingomonas</em>,</span><span> <em>Candidatus</em> <em>Koribacter</em> and <em>Candidatus</em> <em>Solibacter</em>) and fungi (<em>Fusarium</em>), and significantly increased the relative abundances of potentially beneficial fungi (<em>Trechispora</em>, <em>Sagenomella</em>, <em>Penicillium</em>, <em>Acaulium</em> <em>caviariforme</em>, <em>Leucoagaricus</em> and <em>Chlorophyllum</em>) compared with CFU. These changes were more obvious when the application amount of TSM was 2.50 kg. This study provides insights into the potential of application of TSM as an organic fertilizer in agricultural production.</span></p>
Data from: Soil arthropod communities associated with Berberis thunbergii invasion in a temperate deciduous forest harbor more detritivores
<ol> <li><span>Barberry (<em>Berberis</em> <em>thunbergii</em>) is a widely established invasive shrub in temperate forests of the northeastern U.S. with the potential to alter soil arthropod communities through changes to soil nutrient cycling and acidity.</span></li> <li><span>We compared soil arthropod taxa and functional feeding groups between invaded and nearby control areas in a paired observational survey.</span></li> <li><span>Community ordination analysis suggested minimal differences between barberry and control samples. In contrast, pairwise differences revealed elevated densities of multiple taxa in barberry-invaded soils. </span></li> <li><span>Among taxa that were able to be defined by functional feeding group and were collected at higher densities under barberry, all were detritivores. For example, barberry-invaded soils harbored an average of 40% more Isopoda and more than twice as many Diplopoda per unit dry compared to control samples. Differences we observed between barberry and control samples despite the limited study spatiotemporal scope demonstrate the potential for invasions to restructure soil arthropod communities.</span></li> <li><span>Observed patterns potentially reflect elevated leaf litter decomposition rates associated with the invasion; results also highlight the need to integrate site-specific environmental attributes when assessing the impact of invading plants on soil ecosystems.</span></li> </ol>
Climate warming alters the relative importance of plant root and microbial community in regulating the accumulation of soil microbial necromass carbon in a Tibetan alpine meadow
<p><span>Climate warming is predicted to considerably affect variations in soil organic carbon (SOC), especially in alpine ecosystems. Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is an important contributor to stable soil organic carbon pools. However, accumulation and persistence of soil MNC across a gradient of warming are still poorly understood. An eight-year field experiment with four levels of warming was conducted in a Tibetan meadow</span><span>.</span> <span>We found that low-level (+0</span><span>-</span><span>1.5 ℃) warming mostly enhanced bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), fungal necromass carbon (FNC), and total MNC compared with control treatment across soil layers, while no significant effect was caused between high-level (+1.5</span><span>-</span><span>2.5 ℃) treatments and control treatments. The contributions of both MNC and BNC to soil organic carbon were not significantly affected by warming treatments across depths. Structural equation modeling analysis demonstrated that the effect of plant root traits on MNC persistence strengthened with warming intensity, while the influence of microbial community characteristics waned along with strengthened warming. Overall, our study provides novel evidence that the major determinants of MNC production and stabilization may vary with warming magnitude in alpine meadows. This finding is critical for updating our knowledge of soil carbon storage in response to climate warming.</span></p>
Multidimensional specialization and generalization are pervasive in soil prokaryotes with generalists dominating communities and specialists more central in networks
<p>Project folder to run analyses in the manuscript "<strong>Multidimensional specialization and generalization are pervasive in soil prokaryotes with generalists dominating communities and specialists more central in networks</strong>" with necessary raw and processed data.</p> <p>Manuscript abstract:</p> <p>Habitat specialization underpins biological processes from species distributions to speciation. However, organisms are often described as specialists or generalists based on a single niche axis, despite facing complex, multidimensional environments. Here, we analyzed 236 prokaryotic communities across the United States demonstrating for the first time that 90% of >1,200 prokaryotes followed one of two trajectories: specialization on all niche axes (multidimensional specialization) or generalization on all axes (multidimensional generalization). We then documented that this pervasive multidimensional specialization/generalization had a wide range of ecological and evolutionary consequences. First, multidimensional specialization and generalization are highly conserved with very few transitions between these two trajectories. Second, multidimensional generalists dominated communities because they were 73 times more abundant than specialists. Lastly, multidimensional specialists played important roles in community structure with ~220% more connections in microbiome networks. These results indicate that multidimensional generalization and specialization are evolutionarily stable with multidimensional generalists supporting larger populations and multidimensional specialists playing important roles within communities likely stemming from their overrepresentation among pollutant detoxifiers and nutrient cyclers. Taken together, we demonstrate that the vast majority of soil prokaryotes are restricted to one of two multidimensional niche trajectories, multidimensional specialization or multidimensional generalization, which then has far-reaching consequences for evolutionary transitions, microbial dominance, and community roles. </p>
Plant litter chemistry drives long-lasting changes in the catabolic capacities of soil microbial communities
<p><span>Although </span><span>microbial communities play an important role in explaining plant litter decomposition rates, whether and how litter chemistry may alter catabolic capacities of soil microbial communities remains poorly studied.</span></p> <p><span>During a one-year litter decomposition experiment of twelve herbaceous species with contrasting litter chemistry, we examined the effect of plant litter type (roots vs leaves) and litter chemical traits on the resulting capacity of soil microbial communities to degrade a wide range of carbon substrates of variable complexity (MicroRespTM method).</span></p> <p><span>Litter chemistry impacted both the total catabolic activity as well as specific catabolic capacities of microbial communities. In early stages of litter decomposition total catabolic activity was mainly influenced by the amount of C and N in litter leachates, and litter N, P and Mg, then, later, by lignin concentrations. Some specific catabolic capacities could also be related to litter initial chemistry. Overall, litter trait effects on soil microbial communities decreased over time and the relative importance of traits shifted during the decomposition process.</span></p> <p><span>Our results highlight that litter chemistry is a strong driver of catabolic capacities of microbial decomposers and, whilst its effect fades with time, it remains substantial throughout the litter decomposition process. These long-lasting effects of litter chemistry suggest a persistent control on microbial catabolic capacities in ecosystems with recurrent litter production. Soil microbial catabolic activities were driven by broadly the same chemical traits across leaf and root litters. </span></p> <p><span>Synthesis.</span><span> Such long-lasting effects of litter chemistry on catabolic capacities of microbial communities may represent a substantial indirect driver of the decomposition process. Disentangling the relative importance of this overlooked effect of litter chemistry on decomposition represents the next challenge. We argue that such research line should open ground-breaking perspectives for reconsidering our current understanding of the mechanistic links between litter traits and decomposition rate. </span></p>
Dataset of manuscript "Divergent responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to climate warming in an alpine tundra ecosystem"
<p>Our study conducts a translocation experiment in the alpine tundra of the Changbai Mountains to explore how climate warming will affect soil bacterial and fungal communities in the alpine tundra and what are the underlying ecological mechanisms for their potential community changes. Soil samples (n = 24) were respectively collected during the early growing season (June 5, EGS), peak growing season (July 30, PGS), and late growing season (September 20, LGS) of 2021. The uploaded data contains the soil properties and OTU abundance measurements for these soil samples, as well as air and soil temperature from June 1, 2020 to September 15, 2021. </p>
Soil fauna-microbial interactions complexity triggers shifts in both fungal and bacterial communities under a contamination disturbance
<p>meta.otu.june2020.txt : Willow morphological data, data related to qPCR of PAH-RHD genes and phenanthrene amounts found by GC-MS in soil, associated to the paper entitled: Soil fauna-microbial interactions complexity triggers shifts in both fungal and bacterial communities under a contamination disturbance.</p> <p>Files starting by 16s, its, gn and gp are data tables of bioinformatically processed amplicon sequencing data containing filtered and rarefied counts corresponding to 4 set of genes (16S rRNA gene, fungal ITS, PAH-RHD Gram Negative and Gram Positive bacteria) and corresponding taxonomy. </p>
Community Directed Treatment of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Among Young Children in Zambia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00349323. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: High-throughput sequencing of nematode communities from total soil DNA extractions
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Plant litter chemistry drives long-lasting changes in the catabolic capacities of soil microbial communities
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Data from: Belowground community responses to fire: meta-analysis reveals contrasting responses of soil microorganisms and mesofauna
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Data from: A survey of invasive plants on grassland soil microbial communities and ecosystem services
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Data from: Tree functional strategies and soil microbial communities regulate forest ecosystem services
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Data from: Scale-dependent variation in nitrogen cycling and soil fungal communities along gradients of forest composition and age in regenerating tropical dry forests
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Data from: Above-belowground linkages of functionally dissimilar plant communities and soil properties in a grassland experiment
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Data from: Partitioning the effect of composition and diversity of tree communities on leaf litter decomposition and soil respiration
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Changes in soil fungal communities following anthropogenic disturbance are linked to decreased lodgepole pine seedling performance
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Data from: Grazing disturbance promotes exotic annual grasses by degrading soil biocrust communities
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Data from: Soil microbial communities alter leaf chemistry and influence allelopathic potential among coexisting plant species
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Data from: The influence of range-wide plant genetic variation on soil invertebrate communities
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