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9,671 results for “Leaf”
Whole-genome sequencing reveals asymmetric introgression between two sister species of cold-resistant leaf beetles
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Five-leaf generalizations of the D-statistic reveal the directionality of admixture
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Data from: Leaf functional traits predict timing of nutrient resorption and carbon depletion in deciduous subarctic plants
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Data from: Leaf metabolic traits reveal hidden dimensions of plant form and function
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Living in the litter: The influence of tree leaf litter on wetland communities, 2006.
Empirical research in streams has demonstrated that terrestrial subsidies of tree leaf litter infl uence multiple community factors including composition, diversity and growth of individuals. However, little research has examined the importance of tree litter species on wetlands, which are ubiquitous across the landscape and serve as important habitats for a unique and diverse community of organisms. Using outdoor mesocosms, we assessed the impact of 12 litter monocultures and three litter mixtures (from both broadleaf and conifer trees) on pond communities containing gray tree frog tadpoles Hyla versicolor , periphyton, phytoplankton and zooplankton. We found that leaf litter species had substantial and diff erential impacts on all trophic groups in the community including eff ects on algal abundance, zooplankton density and amphibian growth. In many instances, patterns of responses were specifi c to individual litter species yet some responses, including both pH values and periphyton biomass, were generalizable to broad taxonomic groups. In addition, while most responses of litter mixtures were additive, we found evidence for antagonistic eff ects of litter mixing among responses of periphyton and amphibian body mass. Our results highlight the potential impact of human and naturally driven changes in forest composition on wetland communities through associated changes in leaf litter.
Leaf litter quality induces morphological and developmental changes in larval amphibians.
Aquatic consumers exhibit many types of inducible phenotypic responses to variation in resource quantity and quality. Leaf litter constitutes a primary resource in freshwater systems and variation in litter quality can alter the growth and development of aquatic consumers. It is therefore reasonable to hypothesize that variation in litter quality might also induce phenotypic changes in consumers. To test this hypothesis, we exposed two densities of wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus [Rana sylvatica]) tadpoles to six chemically distinct species of leaf litter from temperate broadleaf and coniferous trees. After several weeks, we quantified development rate, growth rate, intestinal length, size of the oral disc, and five external dimensions of the tadpoles. In addition to substantial changes in growth and development rates, we found striking changes in all morphological responses among different leaf litter environments, including up to 14% longer intestines, 11% deeper tails, and 6% deeper tail muscles. In addition, we found strong relationships of total nitrogen content with all morphological features except growth rate. Our results indicate that differences in resource quality can induce phenotypic changes that are as large as or larger than changes induced by resource quantity. Our study also has substantial implications for the future of aquatic consumers living in forested wetlands given that these forests are currently experiencing widespread changes in tree composition.
Data for Global Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Reproductive and Leaf Litterfall, 1966 to 2022
Reproductive and leaf litterfall nitrogen and phosphorus data was compiled from previously published studies and is global in extent. The publication years from which data was obtained spans from 1966 to 2022. The data was compiled in order to assess global scale trends of nitrogen and phosphorus in both reproductive and leaf litterfall. This dataset was used in "Global Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Reproductive and Leaf Litterfall", published in Ecosystems, by Steven W. Gougherty and Pamela H. Templer.
Peatland Vascular Plant Leaf N Concentrations (10 Species) From Leaves Collected From N-Addition Plots in an Alberta Peatland, 2011-2015
Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N ha-1 yr-1; regional background levels <2 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Bogs, being ombrotrophic, may be especially susceptible to increasing N deposition. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a bog near Mariana Lakes, Alberta, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1, plus controls (no water or N addition). In July of each year, we collected new growth of ten species of vascular plants, returned them to the lab, cleaned them, dried and ground them, and ran them on a Flash EA 1112 Series CN Soil Analyzer. Leaf N concentration responses to increasing N input differed between species. Increasing N input led to increasing leaf N concentrations in A. polifolia, C. calyculata, V. vitis-idaea, and V. oxycoccos, with differences in N concentrations between years for all of these species except V. vitis-idaea. There was no leaf N concentration response to increasing N input for E. vaginatum, R. chamaemorus, S. trifolia, or K. polifolia. Water input alone had no significant effect on leaf N concentration for any of the species (p >= 0.18). Although aboveground growth of bog vascular plants may be a general response to increasing N deposition, we do not have a species-specific mechanistic understanding of how growth and leaf/needle N concentrations respond to increasing N deposition, however, there appeared to be no strong evidence for luxury consumption of N.
Picea mariana Growth, Leaf N Concentration and Assimilation in a Bog Exposed to Nitrogen Treatments, 2013-2015
Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N ha-1 yr-1; regional background levels <2 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Bogs, being ombrotrophic, may be especially susceptible to increasing N deposition. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a bog near Mariana Lakes, Alberta, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1, plus controls (no water or N addition). In September 2013-2015, we measured annual leader extension of Picea mariana on four trees (0.5-2.5 m tall) per plot. Using a visually estimated P. mariana density at Mariana Lakes Bog of 1 tree m-2, and N concentrations in P. mariana needles, we calculated annual N assimilation attributable to new needle production. Annual leader extension and tree growth increased with increasing N input, with the response becoming more pronounced from 2013 through 2015. Picea mariana needle N concentrations also increased with increasing N input, at a modest, but significant rate that was consistent across all years while water addition alone had no significant effect on P. mariana leader extension, growth, needle N concentration, or N assimilation in any of the years of measurement (p >= 0.54). At Mariana Lakes Bog, the effect of N addition on P. mariana NPP became more pronounced over time. We cannot determine the extent to which the progressively steeper P. mariana growth response to N deposition represents a cumulative effect of added N or is related to interannual differences in temporal climatic variables.
Peatland Vascular Plant Leaf N Concentrations (5 species) From Leaves collected from N-Addition plots in an Alberta Poor Fen, 2011-2015
Development of the oil sands has led to increasing atmospheric N deposition, with values as high as 17 kg N ha-1 yr-1; regional background levels <2 kg N ha-1 yr-1. To examine responses to N deposition, over five years, we experimentally applied N (as NH4NO3) to a poor fen near Mariana Lake, Alberta, at rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 kg N ha-1 yr-1, plus controls (no water or N addition). In July of each year, we collected new growth of 5 species of vascular plants, returned them to the lab, cleaned them, dried and ground them, and ran them on a Flash EA 1112 Series CN Soil Analyzer Leaf N concentrations in C. calyculata, A. polifolia, and V. oxycoccos increased significantly with increasing N addition (Fig. 5). For C. calyculata and A. polifolia, there were differences in N concentrations between years, but the regression slopes describing the response to N addition were consistent across all years. Leaf N concentrations were unaffected by N addition for E. vaginatum and S. palustris, with the latter exhibiting interannual differences in leaf N concentrations. Water addition alone had no significant effect on N concentrations for any of the vascular plant species (p >= 0.67).
The Interaction between Soil Nutrients and Leaf Loss during Early Establishment in Plant Invasion, 2004
Nitrogen availability is expected to affect both plant growth and the preferences of herbivores. We hypothesized that an interaction between these two factors could affect the early establishment of native and exotic species differently, promoting invasion in natural systems. Taxonomically paired native and invasive species (Acer platanoides, Acer rubrum, Lonicera maackii, Diervilla lonicera, Celastrus orbiculatus, Celastrus scandens, Elaeagnus umbellata, Ceanothus americanus, Ampelopsis brevipedunculata, and Vitis riparia) were grown in relatively high-resource (hardwood forests) and low-resource (pine barrens) communities on Long Island, New York, USA for a period of 3 months, in 2004. Plants were grown in ambient and nitrogen-enhanced conditions in both communities. Nitrogen additions produced an average 12% initial increase in leaf number of all plants. By the end of the experiment, invasive species outperformed native species in nitrogen-enhanced plots in hardwood forests, where all plants experienced increased damage relative to control plots. Native species experienced higher overall amounts of damage in hardwood forests, losing, on average, 45% more leaves than exotic species, and only native species experienced a decline in growth rates (32% compared with controls). In contrast, in pine barrens, there were no differences in damage and no differences in performance between native and invasive plants.
Percent C, Percent N and C:N ratio for leaf samples from ITEX flux survey plots for 2003-2004, Toolik Alaska.
Foliar carbon and nitrogen concentrations of the dominant species from within the ITEX flux survey plots 2003-2004. Plots were located in the Toolik Lake LTER moist acidic tussock experiment plots in Alaska; at Imnavait Creek, Alaska.
Leaf area, biomass, carbon and nitrogen content by species for harvests taken as part of the ITEX flux survey.
Leaf area, biomass, foliar carbon and nitrogen by species for destructive vegetation harvests. Plots were located in the Toolik Lake LTER fertilization experiment in Alaska; at Imnavait Creek, Alaska; at Paddus, Latnjajaure and the Stepps site near Abisko in northern Sweden; and at various sites in Adventdalen, Svalbard, in Zackenberg valley, Northeast Greenland, and at BEO near Barrow, Alaska. Harvests were taken during the growing seasons 2003 to 2009.
NDVI, leaf area index and total foliar N of harvests taken during the ITEX flux survey
Leaf area, biomass, foliar carbon and nitrogen by species for destructive vegetation harvests. Plots were located in the Toolik Lake LTER fertilization experiment in Alaska; at Imnavait Creek, Alaska; at Paddus, Latnjajaure and the Stepps site near Abisko in northern Sweden; and at various sites in Adventdalen, Svalbard, in Zackenberg valley, Northeast Greenland and at BEO near Barrow, Alaska. Harvests were taken during the growing seasons 2003 to 2009.
Leaf area for select species was measured in arctic tundra experimental sites from late June into early August,Toolik Field Sattion, Alaska, Arctic LTER 2000.
Leaf area for select species was measured in arctic tundra experimental sites from late June into early August. Measurements were made in acidic and non acidic tussock tundra and in shrub tundra in control and fertilized plots.
Long-term Carbon and Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Dynamics of Leaf and Fine Root Litter project (LIDET-Long-term Intersite Decomposition Experiment Team) data for the ARC, Arctic LTER. 1990 to 2000.
This file is from the Long-term Carbon and Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Dynamics of Leaf and Fine Root Litter project (LIDET-Long-term Intersite Decomposition Experiment Team). This file contains only the Arctic LTER data. In particular the mass looses over the ten year study. Three types of fine roots (graminoid, hardwood, and conifer), six types of leaf litter (which ranged in lignin/nitrogen ratio from 5 to 75), and wooden dowels were used for litter incubations over a ten year period.
Seasonal patterns of leaf exsertion, elongation and senescence for Eriophorum vaginatum and Carex bigelowii was measured in mesic tussock tundra sites 1985 to 1986, near Toolik Lake, AK.
Seasonal patterns of leaf exsertion, elongation and senescence for Eriophorum vaginatum and Carex bigelowii was measured in mesic tussock tundra sites near Toolik Lake, AK. In addition, the response of both species to NP fertilizer and to variation in site fertility (after track versus non-track areas) were also assayed and compared. The research was done over two full growing seasons.
Effects of stem canker disease on N fixation inputs by Alnus tenuifolia to early-successional floodplains in interior and south-central Alaska. I. Nitrogen fixation rates, leaf chemistry and soil chemistry.
This dataset contains data on nitrogen fixation rates, leaf chemistry, soil temperature and moisture, and soil chemistry on trees selected for studying disease-mediated declines in N-fixation inputs by Alnus tenuifolia to early-successional floodplains in interior and south-central Alaska
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): leaf C, N, delta-13C, delta-15N at peak biomass; 2009-2019
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This data set includes carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) elemental and isotope content in leaves collected from winter warming, summer warming, and control treatment plots at CiPEHR.
Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest Defoliating Insect Population Levels Per Leaf Beginning in 1975 - Kruse
The datafile has more detailed information including host species, a wider array of target species, date of sampling etc then the previous method of reporting found in Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest Defoliating Insect Population Levels Per Leaf Beginning in 1975 -Werner. The more detailed information was recorded starting in 2010.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.