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11,506 results for “Dynamics”
Soil potassium: Herbivory by Nitrogen Interactive Effects on Community and Ecosystem Processes and Dynamics
E172 is an herbivory experiment established by Dave Tilman in fall 2004 by enclosing in deer fences three randomly selected plots from the six replicates of each control and each treatment in the N addition E001 experiment in field C. These plots still receive the nutrient treatments prescribed in the Experiment 001 protocols. From 1982-2004 a fence containing all of e001 plots in Field C was designed to exclude deer and all small mammals, including mice, voles and pocket gophers. This fence was removed in Fall of 2004 and individual plots designated for e172 were enclosed in deer fences. The purpose of E001 was to measure how adding nitrogen over a long time would affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. The plots are in a 6 by 9 grid and are 4 by 4 meters in size with 1 meter aisles between plots. Nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June.
2007 pre-treatment soils pH, nutrients, texture:Nutrient Network: A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Multi-site grassland plant biomass, species richness and light (PAR):e247: Nutrient Network: A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Nutrient Network Oak Litter Decomposition:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
In situ soil respirations throughout the 2020 growing season across an N fertilization gradient:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Percent light penetration: Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
Nitrogen mineralization rate: Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
Fine root dynamics along an elevational gradient in the southern Appalachian mountains in the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1993 to 1994
The seasonal dynamics of root mass were measured on five gradient plots by harvesting roots.
SBC LTER: Beach: Dynamics of intertidal wrack consumer distributions on an SBC Beach
Distribution of Intertidal Wrack Consumer Beds Over Time Zonation of intertidal biota on sandy beaches is extremely dynamic and challenging to model due to the unstable nature of the sandy substrate and the high mobility of the biota. Distributions of these biota can shift strongly with tides, wave runup, storms, and beach conditions on a variety of temporal scales. High frequency measurements of the positions of intertidal beds of a mid and an upper shore invertebrate species, including wrack consuming talitrid amphipods (Megalorchestia spp) and a deposit feeding polychaete (Euzonus mucronata), were conducted on an SBC study beach, West Isla Vista, for one year.
Long-term Dynamics in Soil Field Available Nitrogen and Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen in a Chihuahuan Desert Grassland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1989-2014)
Associated with a project that was based upon the assumption that nitrogen may limit net primary plant production in desert grasslands, this project began measuring available inorganic soil N and potentially mineralizable N of soils at two desert grassland locations. Both available N and potentially mineralizable N were greatest following a drought period in 1989, declined during wetter periods that followed and remained relatively stable until another extended drought period. After drought in 1995-6, both forms of soil N increased, indicating the potential for greater NPP following drought and lower potential NPP during periods of normal precipitation.
Soil Surface Dynamics in the Chihuahuan Desert at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1994-2013)
Observations of the soil surface on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge indicate that the surface is very dynamic. During collections of decomposition bags it has been noted that the bags are frequently resting on pedestals of soil, often 2-3cm above the surrounding surface. This study will attempt to measure the dynamics of the soil surface using a specially designed soil bridge. The soil bridge will allow for repeated measurements of the relative height of the soil surface at several sites on the Sevilleta. These measurements will be used to assess the impact of the changing soil surface on nutrient cycling.
Marsh sediment dynamics and organic matter survey VCR/LTER 1987-1988
Data from a soil survey of marshes on the Virginia Coast Reserve.
Bacterial dynamics in tidal marsh creeks of the Eastern Shore of Virginia 1992-1993
There are 4 summary text files with data in fixed-width columns and 3 archives of raw data stored in either QuatroPro or Lotus123 files pkzipped together. The summary files are: conditio.txt: physical conditions of the creeks sampled during June91, July91, and Jan92. For each month, variables are: creek name, location : (U=upper reach L=lower reach), air temperature (degrees C), water temperature (degrees C),oxygen concentration (mg/L), salinity (ppt) surveys.txt: bacterial parameters and aspects of water quality for three seaside and three bayside tidal marsh creeks during June91, July91, and Jan92. For each record, the variables are: Time (REALLY month),creek name : (seaside=phillips creek(PC), greens creek(GC), box tree creek(BT), bayside=hungars creek(HC), nassawadox creek(NC), cherrystone creek(CS)), location : (U=upper reach L=lower reach), bacterial abundance (cells/mL), bacterial biovolume (ng C/mL), bacterial productivity (cells/mL/hr), bacterial productivity (ng C/mL/hr), DOC (mg/L) : dissolved oxygen concentration, POC (mg/L) : TSS (mg/L) : total suspended solids, OM (mg/L) : organic matter, chlorophyll (ug/L), phosphate (uMz), ammonia (uM), nitrate (uM), nitrite (uM) enrich.txt: bacterial parameters and dissolved organic carbon concentrations when two different communities of bacteria were incubated with two different types of DOC. Mean values of all parameters measured in enrichment experiment. Values are mean of three replicate flasks. For each record, the variables are: condition, coded as follows PP = Phillips Creek bacteria, phytoplankton derived DOC PS = Phillips Creek bacteria, marsh grass derived DOC HP = Hungars Creek bacteria, phytoplankton derived DOC HS = Hungars Creek bacteria, marsh grass derived DOC time (hours) Abundance (cells/mL) Biovolume (um^3) Biomass (ng C/mL) Productivity (ng C/mL/hr) Turnover (hr) DOC (mg/L) uptake.txt: bacterial uptake of carbon when two different communities of bacteria were incubated with two different types of
Influence of the thickness of the overriding plate on convergence zone dynamics
<p>Dataset associated with the paper entitled "Influence of the thickness of the overriding plate on convergence zone dynamics" by Hertgen et al. These links allow to download:</p> <p>- Input files for WOP and SOP models</p> <p>- Output files for WOP and SOP models</p> <p>Please, contact S. Hertgen for additional information</p>
The Effects of Tramadol and Paracetamol on Physical Performance, Brain Dynamics and Sustained Attention During Cycling Exercise: A Double Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
<p>The purposes of the current project are: 1) to investigate further the effect of Tramadol on cycling (at the physical, cognitive and brain levels) on the basis of the preliminary results of the TRAWADA2015 study (<a href="https://zenodo.org/deposit/1308615">https://zenodo.org/deposit/1308615</a>); 2) to study the effect of paracetamol at the physical, cognitive and brain levels during an aerobic and anaerobic exercise on cycle-ergometer, and compare it to that of tramadol</p>
The impact of team and athlete activist behaviors on fan loyalty and team identification: A study on the changing dynamics of fan loyalty in the Chinese Basketball Association
<p>This research examines brand loyalty and team identification among fans of professional basketball and Chinese Basketball Association (CBA) teams and how loyalty to basketball, CBA teams and athletes is impacted by the changing dynamics of the fanbase. Brand loyalty in sports is complex and fan attachment to teams often provoke intense emotional responses. The research employed a Likert-type survey questionnaire pre- and post-test and an emotional response pictorial assessment using Self-Assessment Manakin (SAM) to measure emotional dimensions (valence and arousal). Descriptive and parametric statistics were used to measure the relationships between CBA team loyalty, emotional response and team and player social activist behaviors. The research also assesses the relationships between demographics and background and team and player activist behaviors to determine changes in fan dynamics. The findings show moderate positive relationships between fan loyalty, team and player activist behaviors, younger age and middle income. These findings suggest that CBA fans who are committed to and identify with their favorite teams tend to have greater emotional responses to negative and positive media about their teams and that strong emotions toward team efforts for community activism and sustainability are likely to drive stronger feelings of loyalty to teams.</p>
Dynamics of phase separation of sheared inertialess binary mixtures
<p>Videos (gif files) of the simulated dynamics of phase separation report the maps of mass fraction of species <em>A</em> (<em>f</em>) at different time intervals within the simulated domain. File names are as follows:</p> <p>Sec3.<strong>s</strong>_gamma<strong>G</strong>_Nalpha<strong>N</strong>_MC<strong>n</strong>_tstep<strong>T</strong>-phi</p> <p>where:</p> <p><strong>s</strong> identifies the section number as in the main text (i.e., Sec3.1, Sec3.2, Sec3.3, Sec3.4)</p> <p><strong>G</strong> identifies the value of the dimensionless shear rate (e.g., 0, 10<sup>-2</sup>, etc.)</p> <p><strong>N</strong> identifies the value of the fluidity parameter <em>N</em><em><sub>a</sub></em> (e.g., 10<sup>-2</sup>, 10<sup>2</sup>, etc.)</p> <p><strong>n</strong> identifies the different realizations of the initial random noise (i.e., MC1, MC2)</p> <p><strong>T</strong> identifies the time step in dimensionless time (i.e., tstep20, tstep200)</p>
Collective magnetic dynamics in artificial spin ice probed by AC susceptibility
<p>A collection of data presented and analysed in a manuscript under the same title and author list, posted on arXiv.</p>
Function and evolution of B-Raf loop dynamics relevant to cancer recurrence under drug inhibition
<p>Oncogenic mutations in the kinase domain of the B-Raf protein have long been associated with cancers involving the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway. One constitutive ERK activating mutation in B-Raf, the V600E (valine to glutamate) replacement occurring adjacent to a site of threonine phosphorylation (T599) occurs in many types of cancer, and in a large percentage of certain cancers, such as melanoma. Because natural ATP binding activity and the V600E mutation are both known to alter the physical behavior of the activation loop in the ATP binding domain, this system is especially amenable to comparative functional analyses using molecular dynamics of drug classes and genetic variants at all-atom resolution. Here, we employ machine learning enabled identification of functionally conserved protein dynamics to compare how disease pertinent molecular variations impact conserved loop dynamics during the binding of four ATP competitive B-Raf inhibitors (sorafenib, vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and PLX7904) that differ in their effectiveness in preventing cancer recurrence. We demonstrate that drug development targeting B-Raf has progressively moved towards ATP competitive inhibitors that demonstrate less tendency to mimic the functional dynamic shifts associated with ATP binding in this domain. We argue this functional dynamic mimicry in first generation B-Raf inhibitors increases the side effect of hyperactivation (i.e. inducing MAPK activation in non-tumorous cells in the absence of secondary mutation). Within the context of the binding interaction of each inhibitor, we compare the functional dynamic impacts of V600E and other sensitizing and drug resistance causing mutations in the activation and P-loops, confirming sites of low mutational tolerance in these two functional regions. Lastly, we investigate V600E sensitivity of B-Raf loop dynamics in an evolutionary context, demonstrating that while it probably shares partial origin with its early evolution in primitive eukaryotes, the functional sensitivity to V600E was secondarily increased during early jawed vertebrate evolution.</p>
Towards deciphering dynamic changes and evolutionary mechanisms involved in the adaptation to low salinities in Ectocarpus (brown algae) - test dataset
<p><strong>Objectives :</strong></p> <p>Examine salinity tolerance and adaptations to low salinities in a freshwater strain of Ectocarpuson physiological and molecular levels.</p> <p><strong>Cohort :</strong></p> <p>Two clonal strains of Ectocarpus sp. (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae), the genome-sequenced marine strain (MS) (accession CCAP 1310/4, origin San Juan de Marcona, Peru) and a freshwater strain (FWS, accession CCAP 1310/196, origin Hopkins River Falls, Victoria, Australia) were used.</p> <p><strong>Mass spectrometer :</strong></p> <p><br> Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as described by Ritteret al.(2008) : samples were analysed with a Hewlett-Packard 5873 Mass Selective Detector interfaced to a Hewlett-Packard 6890 Series+ gas chromatograph (Agilent, Les Ullis, France).</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.