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FIGURES 1–4 in Systematics of Indobaetis Müller-Liebenau & Morihara 1982, and related implications for some other Baetidae genera (Ephemeroptera)

FIGURES 1–4. Fore tarsus of female. 1, female subimago of Nigrobaetis (Takobia) muticus; 2, female subimago of Indobaetis costai; 3, imago of the same specimen; 4, female subimaginal tarsus of Indobaetis microfolius sp.n. visible through larval cuticle. Abbreviations: t1–t5, tarsomeres 1–5; t1&2, fused first and second tarsomeres.

FIGURE 5 in Complete mitochondrial genome of a Neotropical dobsonfly Chloronia mirifica Navás, 1925 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), with phylogenetic implications for the genus Chloronia Banks, 1908

FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic relationships among the dobsonfly genera inferred from mt genome sequences. Numbers at the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities (left) and ML bootstrap values (right).

FIGURE 3 in Complete mitochondrial genome of a Neotropical dobsonfly Chloronia mirifica Navás, 1925 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), with phylogenetic implications for the genus Chloronia Banks, 1908

FIGURE 3. Predicted secondary structure of the rnnL in the Chloronia mirifica mt genome. Roman numerals denote the conserved domain structure. Dash (-) indicates Watson-Crick base pairing and dot () indicates G-U base pairing.

FIGURE 1 in Complete mitochondrial genome of a Neotropical dobsonfly Chloronia mirifica Navás, 1925 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), with phylogenetic implications for the genus Chloronia Banks, 1908

FIGURE 1. Mitochondrial map of Chloronia mirifica. Circular maps were drawn with CGView (Grant et al. 2008). The arrows indicated the orientation of gene transcription. The tRNAs are denoted by the color blocks and are labelled according to the IUPACIUB single-letter amino acid codes (L1: UUR; L2: CNU; S1: AGN; S2: UCN). The GC content was plotted using a black sliding window, as the deviation from the average GC content of the entire sequence. GC-skew was plotted as the deviation from the average GC-skew of the entire sequence. The inner cycle indicated the location of the genes in the mt genome.

FIGURE 2 in Complete mitochondrial genome of a Neotropical dobsonfly Chloronia mirifica Navás, 1925 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), with phylogenetic implications for the genus Chloronia Banks, 1908

FIGURE 2. Inferred secondary structure of 22 tRNAs in the Chloronia mirifica mt genome. Most tRNAs are labeled with the abbreviations of their corresponding amino acids. Dash (-) indicates Watson-Crick bonds and dot () indicates GU bonds.

FIGURE 6 in Antennal sensory organs of Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Scathophagidae): ultramorphology and phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 6. Setigerous plaques of different families in Calyptratae (modified from Kutty et al. 2010).

FIGURE 5 in Antennal sensory organs of Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Scathophagidae): ultramorphology and phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 5. SEM micrographs of sensory pit on the antennal funiculus of male Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758). A. Overview of sensory pit. B. Section of sensory pit, showing basiconic sensilla III and microtrichiae in it. C. Magnification of one cluster of basiconic sensilla III. D. Magnification of basiconic sensilla III in sensory pit. (Abbreviations: Ar (arista); Ba III (basiconic sensillum III); Fn (funiculus); SP (sensory pit). Scale bars: A. 50 µm; B. 10 µm; C. 4 µm; D. 2.5 µm.)

FIGURE 2 in Antennal sensory organs of Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Scathophagidae): ultramorphology and phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 2. SEM micrographs of setiferous plaque and pedicellar button on the antennal pedicel of male Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758). A. Overview of pedicellar dorsal surface. B. Magnification of setiferous plaque. C. Details of antennal pedicel after removal of antennal funiculus. D. Magnification of pedicellar button. (Abbreviations: AR (annular ridge); Ch (chaetic sensillum); PB (pedicellar button); Pd (pedicel); Pl (plaque); Po (pore). Scale bars: A. 25 µm; B. 2.5 µm; C. 50 µm; D. 5 µm.)

FIGURE 4 in Antennal sensory organs of Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Scathophagidae): ultramorphology and phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 4. SEM micrographs of coeloconic sensilla and clavate sensilla on the antennal funiculus of male Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758). A. Distribution of coeloconic sensilla in the proximal region of antennal funiculus. B. Overview of distal region of antennal funiculus. C. Magnification of coeloconic sensillum. D. Magnification of clavate sensillum. E. Distal surface of clavate sensillum, showing pores on it. (Abbreviations: Ba I (basiconic sensillum I); Ba II (basiconic sensillum II); Co (coeloconic sensillum); Cl (clavate sensillum); Mt (microtrichia); Tr (trichoid sensillum). Scale bars: A–B. 15 µm; C–E. 2.5 µm.)

FIGURE 1 in Antennal sensory organs of Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Scathophagidae): ultramorphology and phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 1. Antennal features of male Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758). A. Lateral view of the male head with antennae located between compound eyes. B. Posteroventral and dorsolateral surface of antennal funiculus. C. Anterodorsal and dorsolateral surface of antennal funiculus. D. Anterodorsal surface of antennal pedicel and scape. E. Posteroventral surface of antennal pedicel and scape. F. Antennal arista. G. Magnification of mechanoreceptor on antennal pedicel. (Abbreviations: Ad (anterodorsal surface); Ar (arista); Ch (chaetic sensillum); Dl (dorsolateral surface); Fn (funiculus); Pd (pedicel); Pv (posteroventral surface); Sc (scape); SP (sensory pit). Scale bars: A. 1 mm; B–E. 100 µm; F. 250 µm; G. 100 µm.)

FIGURE 3 in Antennal sensory organs of Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Scathophagidae): ultramorphology and phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 3. SEM micrographs of trichoid sensilla and basiconic sensilla on the antennal funiculus of male Scathophaga stercoraria (Linnaeus, 1758). A. Magnification of trichoid sensilla and basiconic sensilla within microtrichiae. B. Trichoid sensillum extending above the microtrichiae. C. Magnification of basiconic sensillum. I. D. Magnification of basiconic sensillum II. (Abbreviations: Ba I (basiconic sensillum I); Ba II (basiconic sensillum II); Mt (microtrichia); Tr (trichoid sensillum). Scale bars: A. 15 µm; B. 5 µm; C–D. 2.5 µm.)

FIGURE 15 in Euconnus octosetosus Franz transferred to Plaumanniola Costa Lima: implications for the systematics of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

FIGURE 15. Distribution of Plaumanniola. Plaumanniola octosetosa (Franz) (a), P. simplicissima Jałoszyński (b), P. regina Jałoszyński (c), and P. sanctaecatharinae Costa Lima (d).

FIGURES 10–14 in Euconnus octosetosus Franz transferred to Plaumanniola Costa Lima: implications for the systematics of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

FIGURES 10–14. Aedeagus in ventral (10, 12–14) and lateral (11) view. Plaumanniola octosetosa (Franz) (10–11), P. simplicissima Jałoszyński (12), P. sanctaecatharinae Costa Lima (13) and P. regina Jałoszyński (14).

FIGURES 5–9 in Euconnus octosetosus Franz transferred to Plaumanniola Costa Lima: implications for the systematics of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

FIGURES 5–9. Plaumanniola octosetosa (Franz). Head in ventral view (5), mouthparts in ventral view (6), left antennal club in ventral view (7), prothorax and mesothorax in ventral view (8), pterothorax in ventral view (9). Abbreviations: ar, anterior ridge; bst, basisternal part of prosternum; bst, basistipes; gal, galea; gp, gular plate; gs, gular suture; hr, hypostomal ridge; hyr, hypomeral ridge; lig, ligula; lp, labial palp; mn, mentum; mst, mediostipes; msvp, mesoventral intercoxal process; mtvp, metaventral intercoxal process; nss, notosternal suture; pcr, procoxal rest; ppf, palpifer; ptp, posterior tentorial pit; smn, submentum; v3, metaventrite.

FIGURES 1–4 in Euconnus octosetosus Franz transferred to Plaumanniola Costa Lima: implications for the systematics of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)

FIGURES 1–4. Dorsal habitus of Plaumanniola octosetosa (Franz) (1), P. simplicissima Jałoszyński (2), P. sanctaecatharinae Costa Lima (3) and P. regina Jałoszyński (4).

FIGURE 4 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications

FIGURE 4. Height/length diagram for Evlanella peranensis Maillet n. sp.. The trendline equation (y) is indicated.

FIGURE 3 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications

FIGURE 3. Stratigraphical distribution of ostracod taxa through the Candás Formation in the Peran-Perlora and Carranques sections. Samples numbers are replaced on a detailed stratigraphical column of the series, on which macro- and microfaunas' occurrences are indicated.

FIGURE 2 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications

FIGURE 2. Simplified stratigraphical column of the Candás Formation, standard conodont zonation and chronostratigraphy (according to García-Alcalde et al. 1979; García-López 1986 and García-López et al. 2002).

FIGURE 1 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications

FIGURE 1. Location maps of the studied area. A. Devonian deposits cropping out in the Cantabrian Zone (adapted from García-Alcalde et al. 2012); B. Simplified geological map of the Luanco-Candás area showing the Naranco, the Candás and the Piñeres Fms (modified from García-López et al. 2002), with location of the Peran-Perlora and Carranques sections; C. Detailed location map of the Peran-Perlora section (adapted from García-López et al. 2002); D. Detailed location map of the Carranques section (adapted from Fernández et al. 1996).

FIGURE 6 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications

FIGURE 6. Faunal relations and Middle Devonian palaeogeographic reconstruction. Abbreviations: Ard: Ardenne (Namur and Dinant Synclinoria); Arm: Armorican Massif; Bhm: Bohemian Massif; Bln: Boulonnais; CcA: Carnic Alps; Ctz: Cantabrian Zone; Dvs: Devonshire; Grm: Germany (Eifel, Ruhr, Sauerland, Bergisches Land, Thuringia, Harz); IbC: Iberian Cordillera; Mth: Mouthoumet Massif; MtN: Montagne Noire; NMc: North Morocco (Doukkala, Meseta); OMZ: Ossa Morena Zone; Pld: Poland (Holy Cross Mountains, Pomerania); Ptd: Pontides; Rus: Russia (Volga and Urals areas; Baschkiria); Sao: Saoura; SMc: South Morocco (Anti-Atlas, Tafilalt); Tns: Tunisia; Trd: Taurides; Ygv: Ex-Yugoslavia (Serbia). For the reviewed literature on Givetian ostracods of those areas, see text. A. Faunal affinities between the Cantabrian Zone and other places in Europe and neighbouring areas during the Givetian; B. Middle Devonian palaeogeographic reconstruction (adapted from Blakey 2007).