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Subspecies and Distribution. M.f.fuscusThomas,1882—nowrestrictedtoN&WTasmania,butsubfossilevidence(owlpellets)indicatesaformerlymoreextensiverangeacrossTasmania. M. f. mordicus Thomas, 1922 — highly fragmented in mainland SE Australia, including the Otway and Dandenong ranges, coastal areas of Gippsland and SE New South Wales, and the Great Dividing Range around Barrington Tops and from near the Brindabella Range S to Warburton. in Muridae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.f.fuscusThomas,1882—nowrestrictedtoN&WTasmania,butsubfossilevidence(owlpellets)indicatesaformerlymoreextensiverangeacrossTasmania. M. f. mordicus Thomas, 1922 — highly fragmented in mainland SE Australia, including the Otway and Dandenong ranges, coastal areas of Gippsland and SE New South Wales, and the Great Dividing Range around Barrington Tops and from near the Brindabella Range S to Warburton.
Distribution. Known only from seven localities in Central Cordillera of New Guinea, including Star (= Jayawijaya) Mts and the Hindenburg, Victor Emanuel, and Blucher ranges. A subfossil specimen from an owl pellet deposit at 3450 m on Mt Jaya, W New Guinea, may also represent this species; if confirmed, this would extend both the geographic and elevational range of Mirza's Western Moss Rat. in Muridae
Distribution. Known only from seven localities in Central Cordillera of New Guinea, including Star (= Jayawijaya) Mts and the Hindenburg, Victor Emanuel, and Blucher ranges. A subfossil specimen from an owl pellet deposit at 3450 m on Mt Jaya, W New Guinea, may also represent this species; if confirmed, this would extend both the geographic and elevational range of Mirza's Western Moss Rat.
The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996). in Muridae
The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996).
Distribution. Known from three localities along the Central Range of New Guinea (Mt Trikora, Tifalmin Valley, and Star Mts), at elevations of 1800-2800 m. in Muridae
Distribution. Known from three localities along the Central Range of New Guinea (Mt Trikora, Tifalmin Valley, and Star Mts), at elevations of 1800-2800 m.
Distribution. New Guinea, including the Central Cordillera from Weyland Range E to Owen Stanley Range, Cromwell and Rawlinson ranges on Huon Peninsula, and Mt Dayman in Maneau Range on SE peninsula, at elevations of ¢.500-3500 m. in Muridae
Distribution. New Guinea, including the Central Cordillera from Weyland Range E to Owen Stanley Range, Cromwell and Rawlinson ranges on Huon Peninsula, and Mt Dayman in Maneau Range on SE peninsula, at elevations of ¢.500-3500 m.
Subspecies and Distribution. M.r.rufescensAlston,1877—NewBritainandNewIrelandIs. M.r.calidiorThomas,1911—lowlandsofSWNewGuinea. M.r.gracilisThomas,1906—SescarpmentoftheCentralCordilleraofNewGuineafromMtBosaviEtotheOwenStanleyRange. M.r.hageniTroughton,1937—mountainsofNewGuineafromCWestPapua(=IrianJaya])EtotheKratkeRange. M.r.niviventerTate,1951—lowerDigulandFlyriverbasins,SCNewGuinea. M.r.stalkeriThomas,1904—lowlandsofN&SENewGuinea. M. r. wisselensis Menzies, 1996 — known only from the Wissel Lakes area ofW New Guinea. Known also from islands of Waigeo, Salawati, Yapen, Blup Blup, Karkar, and Sideia (off NW, N & SE New Guinea), but subspecies involved not identified. in Muridae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.r.rufescensAlston,1877—NewBritainandNewIrelandIs. M.r.calidiorThomas,1911—lowlandsofSWNewGuinea. M.r.gracilisThomas,1906—SescarpmentoftheCentralCordilleraofNewGuineafromMtBosaviEtotheOwenStanleyRange. M.r.hageniTroughton,1937—mountainsofNewGuineafromCWestPapua(=IrianJaya])EtotheKratkeRange. M.r.niviventerTate,1951—lowerDigulandFlyriverbasins,SCNewGuinea. M.r.stalkeriThomas,1904—lowlandsofN&SENewGuinea. M. r. wisselensis Menzies, 1996 — known only from the Wissel Lakes area ofW New Guinea. Known also from islands of Waigeo, Salawati, Yapen, Blup Blup, Karkar, and Sideia (off NW, N & SE New Guinea), but subspecies involved not identified.
Rusia, Lake Rudolf, Ethiopia. Taxonomic status and constitution of G. pulvinatus have been disputed by some authors, but D. M. Lay in 1983, G. G. Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005, D. C. D. Happold in 2013, and A. Monadjem and colleagues in 2015 considered it valid. Standard karyotype was provided by B. Hubert in 1978. Monotypic. Distribution. Djibouti, SW Ethiopia, and NW Kenya; it may occur in extreme SE South Sudan. in Muridae
Rusia, Lake Rudolf, Ethiopia. Taxonomic status and constitution of G. pulvinatus have been disputed by some authors, but D. M. Lay in 1983, G. G. Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005, D. C. D. Happold in 2013, and A. Monadjem and colleagues in 2015 considered it valid. Standard karyotype was provided by B. Hubert in 1978. Monotypic. Distribution. Djibouti, SW Ethiopia, and NW Kenya; it may occur in extreme SE South Sudan.
Supplementary material 3 from: Swenson SJ, Eichler L, Hörren T, Kolter A, Köthe S, Lehmann GUC, Meinel G, Mühlethaler R, Sorg M, Gemeinholzer B (2022) The potential of metabarcoding plant components of Malaise trap samples to enhance knowledge of plant-insect interactions. Metabarcoding and Metagenomics 6: e85213. https://doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.6.85213
Supplementary material 3 from: Swenson SJ, Eichler L, Hörren T, Kolter A, Köthe S, Lehmann GUC, Meinel G, Mühlethaler R, Sorg M, Gemeinholzer B (2022) The potential of metabarcoding plant components of Malaise trap samples to enhance knowledge of plant-insect interactions. Metabarcoding and Metagenomics 6: e85213. https://doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.6.85213
Otomys cheesmani previously was included in O.typus but shown to be a distinct spe-cies based on morphological and molecular grounds. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to two known lo-calities in NW Ethiopia, S ofLake Tana. Descriptive notes. Head-body 165-210 mm, tail 77-106 mm, ear 22-24 mm, hindfoot 28-31 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Cheesman's Vlei Rat has shaggy dark pelage and is larger than all other species of Otomys, except the Angolan Vlei Rat (O. anchietae). Fur of Cheesman's Vlei Rat is bright brown, with reddish shade above and pale yellowish gray below. Ears are blackish, and inner surfaces are covered with short rufous hairs. Forefeet and hindfeet are dark gray above. Tail is relatively short (49-3% of head-body length), blackish above and pale yellowish below but notappearing distinctly bicolored. Lower incisors with two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M" has eight or nine laminae. in Muridae
Otomys cheesmani previously was included in O.typus but shown to be a distinct spe-cies based on morphological and molecular grounds. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to two known lo-calities in NW Ethiopia, S ofLake Tana. Descriptive notes. Head-body 165-210 mm, tail 77-106 mm, ear 22-24 mm, hindfoot 28-31 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Cheesman's Vlei Rat has shaggy dark pelage and is larger than all other species of Otomys, except the Angolan Vlei Rat (O. anchietae). Fur of Cheesman's Vlei Rat is bright brown, with reddish shade above and pale yellowish gray below. Ears are blackish, and inner surfaces are covered with short rufous hairs. Forefeet and hindfeet are dark gray above. Tail is relatively short (49-3% of head-body length), blackish above and pale yellowish below but notappearing distinctly bicolored. Lower incisors with two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M" has eight or nine laminae.
First described as a member of genus Uro-mys, arctum was placed in Melomys by O. Thomas in 1922 and in subgenus Melomys by H. Riummler in 1936 as a subspecies Of M. leucogaster. In his 1996 revision, J. I. Menzies found M. arcium to be close to M. leucogaster, and T. F. Flannery in 1995 suggested it as a valid species, an opinion followed by G. G. Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005. Monotypic. | Distribution. Rossel I, Louisiade Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. in Muridae
First described as a member of genus Uro-mys, arctum was placed in Melomys by O. Thomas in 1922 and in subgenus Melomys by H. Riummler in 1936 as a subspecies Of M. leucogaster. In his 1996 revision, J. I. Menzies found M. arcium to be close to M. leucogaster, and T. F. Flannery in 1995 suggested it as a valid species, an opinion followed by G. G. Musser and M. D. Carleton in 2005. Monotypic. | Distribution. Rossel I, Louisiade Archipelago, Papua New Guinea.
Subspecies and Distribution. M.r.rothschildiThomas,1898—ECentralCordilleraofNewGuinea. M. r. weylandi Rothschild & Dollman, 1932 — W Central Cordillera of New Guinea. in Muridae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.r.rothschildiThomas,1898—ECentralCordilleraofNewGuinea. M. r. weylandi Rothschild & Dollman, 1932 — W Central Cordillera of New Guinea.
Subspecies and Distribution. M.a.aroaensisDeVis,1907—ECentralCordilleraofNewGuinea. M. a. hercules Thomas, 1912 — Huon Peninsula, NE New Guinea. in Muridae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.a.aroaensisDeVis,1907—ECentralCordilleraofNewGuinea. M. a. hercules Thomas, 1912 — Huon Peninsula, NE New Guinea.
Distribution. Known only from the Mingan Mts, E LuzonI, Philippines, at elevations of 1540-1785 m; it may be present also in adjacent S Sierra Madre and the poorly surveyed Dingalan Mts. in Muridae
Distribution. Known only from the Mingan Mts, E LuzonI, Philippines, at elevations of 1540-1785 m; it may be present also in adjacent S Sierra Madre and the poorly surveyed Dingalan Mts.
Distribution. Known only from the catchment of Paniai Lake, W New Guinea, at elevations of 1750-1765 m. in Muridae
Distribution. Known only from the catchment of Paniai Lake, W New Guinea, at elevations of 1750-1765 m.
Distribution. Recorded as living animal from the vicinity of Lake Habbema (3225 m) and an area close to Mt Trikora, WC New Guinea. Late Quaternary subfossils reported (as Hydromys habbema) from Kelangurr Cave and from alluvial terrace of West Baliem River, at 280-2950 m,Papua Province. Tentative record of habbema from a fissure deposit at 3450 m on Mt Jaya requires confirmation. in Muridae
Distribution. Recorded as living animal from the vicinity of Lake Habbema (3225 m) and an area close to Mt Trikora, WC New Guinea. Late Quaternary subfossils reported (as Hydromys habbema) from Kelangurr Cave and from alluvial terrace of West Baliem River, at 280-2950 m,Papua Province. Tentative record of habbema from a fissure deposit at 3450 m on Mt Jaya requires confirmation.
Distribution. Morocco up to Atlas Mts above 2000 m; E limit not clarified, possibly extending into Algeria and Tunisia. in Muridae
Distribution. Morocco up to Atlas Mts above 2000 m; E limit not clarified, possibly extending into Algeria and Tunisia.
Subspecies and Distribution. M.p.persicusBlanford,1875—NC&ECIran,Afghanistan,andextremeWPakistan. M.p.ambrosiusThomas,1919—narrowbandfromWCtoSEIran. M.p.baptistaeThomas,1920—SEIran,extremeSAfghanistan,andSWPakistan. M.p.gurganensisGoodwin,1939—NEIran. M.p.rossicusHeptner,1931—ETurkey,SArmenia,SW&SAzerbaijan,andNWIran. M. p. suschkini Kashkarov, 1925 — W Turkmenistan. Present also in N Iraq and W & C Iran, but subspecies involved not known. in Muridae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.p.persicusBlanford,1875—NC&ECIran,Afghanistan,andextremeWPakistan. M.p.ambrosiusThomas,1919—narrowbandfromWCtoSEIran. M.p.baptistaeThomas,1920—SEIran,extremeSAfghanistan,andSWPakistan. M.p.gurganensisGoodwin,1939—NEIran. M.p.rossicusHeptner,1931—ETurkey,SArmenia,SW&SAzerbaijan,andNWIran. M. p. suschkini Kashkarov, 1925 — W Turkmenistan. Present also in N Iraq and W & C Iran, but subspecies involved not known.
Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information. in Muridae
Lophuromys stanley: is member of the L. flavopunctatus species complex and was named during partial revision of the L. aguilus species complex. It is characterized by craniometric and genetic character-istics; its skull proportions are similar to L. laticeps, and molecularly, it is similar to L. margarettae and L. zena (cytochrome-b). Lophuromys stanleyi is one of four endemic species in the Rwenzori Mountains diversity hotspot. Monotypic. Distribution. Rwenzori Mts, E DR Congo and SW Uganda. Descriptive notes. Head-body 113-126 mm, tail 40-80 mm, ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 22-24 mm; weight 36-55 g. The Rwenzori Brush-furred Rat has a speckled pelage similar to other speciesin the L. flavopunctatus species complex. Tail is short, 50-60% of head-body length. Habitat. Poorly known, but type specimen was collected at an elevation of 3700 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. No information.
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).
Supplementary material 1 from: Liston A, Mutanen M, Heidemaa M, Blank SM, Kiljunen N, Taeger A, Viitasaari M, Vikberg V, Wutke S, Prous M (2022) Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69(2): 151-218. https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.69.84080
Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta): studied specimens
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