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7,370 results for “supplementation”
StrattonCh/msocc_supplemental_code: msocc Supplemental Code Release
<p>Supplemental code for the manuscript entitled msocc: Fit and analyze computationally efficient multi-scale occupancy models in R</p>
Adequate vitamin A liver stores estimated by the Modified-Relative Dose Response test are positively associated with breastfeeding but not vitamin A supplementation in Senegalese urban children 9-23 months old: a comparative cross-sectional study
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) in 6-59 month old children is recommended but its sustainability is currently questioned. In Senegal, data suggest that VAS should be maintained, but geographic and age-related specificities need to be addressed by gathering more evidence on the impact of this program. The objective of this comparative cross-sectional study, conducted in urban settings of Dakar, was to evaluate the effectiveness of VAS on vitamin A liver stores (VALS) among 9-23 month old children. The supplemented group (n = 119) received VAS (either 100 000 UI or 200 000 UI) 2 to 6 months before evaluation while the non-supplemented group (n = 110) had not received VAS during the past 6 months. VALS were assessed using the modified-relative dose response (MRDR) test. Serum retinol concentrations (SR) and biomarkers of subclinical inflammation were measured. Children's health-related data and feeding patterns were collected. Mean MRDR values (VAS: 0.030 ± 0.017, non-VAS: 0.028 ± 0.016, P = 0.39) and inflammation-adjusted SR (VAS: 1.34 ± 0.37, non-VAS: 1.3 ± 0.35, P = 0.51) of children were adequate. Low prevalence of VALS (VAS: 5.2%, non-VAS: 5.4%) and inflammation-adjusted VAD (VAS: 2.6%, non-VAS: 0.9%) were detected despite high presence of infections and inflammation. Children were mostly still being breastfed (VAS: 85.7%, non-VAS: 77.3%) and complementary feeding indicators were similar in both groups. Only breastfeeding was associated with VALS (adjusted OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.07-0.8, P = 0.02). Based on MRDR values, VAS was not related to improved VALS and SR as well as VAD reduction among these children with adequate VALS. Reinforcing breastfeeding advocacy and morbidity prevention/control are essential in this setting. Scaling-back VAS in this subpopulation should be examined regarding the risk of hypervitaminosis A. However, an evaluation of dietary VA intake sufficiency and a more quantitative assessment of VALS should be prior considered.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Supplemental data
<p>Datasets for machine learning as described in "Genome-wide predictions of genetic redundancy in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>" (https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.13.250225):</p> <ul> <li>Dataset_1.txt: Training set only, RD4</li> <li>Dataset_2.txt: Training set only, RD9</li> <li>Dataset_3.txt: Training set = RD4, testing set = whole genome and tandem duplicates (WG/TD set) + RD9 pairs not included in RD4</li> <li>Dataset_4.txt: Training set = RD4, testing set = kinases (Kin set) + RD9 pairs not included in RD4</li> </ul>
Supplemental Materials
<p>Supplemental Materials</p>
Supplemental Material for Paper 'Taxonomy Extraction Using Knowledge Graph Embeddings and Hierarchical Clustering'
<p>Contains input data and gold standard for the non-expressive extraction task, as well as examples of extracted taxonomies for both the non-expressive and expressive cases. Extracted taxonomies can also be found at <a href="http://labowest.ca/sdb2020/">labowest.ca</a>.</p>
Supplemental information for McClelland et al. (2020). Management of cover crops in temperate climates influences soil organic carbon stocks – A meta-analysis
<p>All supplemental information for McClelland et al. (2020). Management of cover crops in temperate climates influences soil organic carbon stocks – A meta-analysis. </p>
Figure 1 from: Ivankiv YI, Oleshchuk OM (2020) Immunomodulatory effect of melatonin supplementation in experimental diabetes. Pharmacia 67(4): 223-228. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.67.e55437
Figure 1 Immunoglobulins A, M, G data diversity at different diabetes models with melatonin introduction. DM1 + MT – diabetes mellitus type 1 plus melatonin; DM2 + MT – diabetes mellitus type 2 plus melatonin; Ig A – immunoglobulin A; Ig M – immunoglobulin M; Ig G – immunoglobulin G; g/l – gram per liter.
Supplement (interactive Excel tool) to MAGIC Deliverable 6.4 'Intervention directed towards environmental protection: Biodiversity conservation on agricultural land'
<p>Interactive Excel data sheets to analyse potential interventions (i.e. changes in land use type and intensity) in the Dutch dairy production system towards conserving biodiversity. The tool uses the Dutch dairy sector as a case study and represents the current land use by dairy farmers in the Netherlands. The measures applied result in different landscapes that satisfy different biodiversity targets. At the same time, the tool measures the (negative) impact on food production.</p> <p>This interactive Excel tool is a supplement to: Kok A., Ripoll Bosch R., de Olde E.M., Muscat A., de Boer I.J.M. (2020), 'Intervention directed towards environmental protection: Biodiversity conservation on agricultural land', MAGIC (H2020–GA 689669) Project Deliverable 6.4, 24 February 2020, available online: <a href="https://magic-nexus.eu/documents/d64-intervention-directed-towards-environmental-protection">https://magic-nexus.eu/documents/d64-intervention-directed-towards-environmental-protection</a>.</p> <p> </p>
Supplemental Information for: Late Paleozoic Gondanide deformation in the central Andes: Insights from RSCM thermometry and thermal modeling
<p>This supplemental information is data to accompany the article "<strong>Late Paleozoic Gondanide deformation in the central Andes: Insights from RSCM thermometry and thermal modeling"</strong>. The supplemental data includes information on Raman spectroscopy analytical methods (instrument parameters, settings, and procedures), Time temperature path model parameter setup and composite sample selection used in HeFTy, and an excel file of individual RSCM spot analysis for each sample that we analyzed. </p> <p>Data were collected in the field in the Eastern Cordillera of Bolivia in 2013 and 2014, and analyzed at Arizona State University in 2015 and 2016.</p>
Shortcomings of Event-Based Metrics [Supplement to PhD "Machine-Actionable Assessment of Research Data Products"]
<p>This deposition includes a tabular overview of all publications analyzed by my PhD to identify and classify shortcomings of event-based metrics for research data products. The tabular overview is linked via its field "Key" to the bibtex file which holds the bibliographic information to replicate the results shown in the table.</p> <p>The deposition is supplementary material to the dissertation "Machine-Actionable Assessment of Research Data Products" (Tobias Weber, yet unpublished), especially chapter 3.</p>
Supplemental data for article: DNA content variation and SNP diversity within a single population of asexual snails
<p>A growing body of research suggests that many clonal populations maintain genetic diversity even without occasional sexual reproduction. The purpose of our study was to document variation in SNP diversity, DNA content, and pathogen susceptibility in clonal lineages of the New Zealand freshwater snail, <em>Potamopyrgus antipodarum</em>. We studied snails that were collected from multiple field sites around a single lake (Lake Alexandrina), as well as isofemale clonal lineages that had been isolated and maintained in the laboratory. We used the KASP method to genotype our samples at 46 nuclear SNP sites, and we used flow cytometry to estimate DNA content. We found high levels of SNP diversity, both in our field samples and in our clonal laboratory lines. We also found evidence of high variation in DNA content among clones, even among clones with identical genotypes across all SNP sites. Controlled pathogen exposures of the laboratory populations revealed variation in susceptibility among distinct clonal genotypes, which was independent of DNA content. Taken together, these results show high levels of diversity among asexual snails, especially for DNA content, and they suggest rapid genome evolution in asexuals.</p>
Effects of diet fermentability and supplementation of 2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio) butanoic acid and isoacids on milk fat depression: 2. Ruminal fermentation, fatty acid, and bacterial community structure
<p>The experiment was conducted to understand ruminal effects of diet modification during moderate milk fat depression (MFD) and ruminal effects of HMTBa and isoacids on alleviating MFD. Five ruminally cannulated cows were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design with the following 5 dietary treatments (dry matter basis): HF-C, a high forage and low starch control diet with 1.5% safflower oil; LF-C, a low forage and high starch control diet with 1.5% safflower oil; LF-HMTBa, the LF-C diet supplemented with HMTBa (0.11%; 28 g/d); LF-IA, the LF-C diet supplemented with isoacids (0.24%; 60 g/d; IA); and LF-COMB, the LF-C diet supplemented with HMTBa and IA. The experiment consisted of 5 periods with 21 d per period (14-d diet adaptation and 7-d sampling). Ruminal samples were collected to determine fermentation characteristics (0, 1, 3, and 6 h after feeding), long chain fatty acids (FA) profile (6 h after feeding), and bacterial community structure by analyzing 16S gene amplicon sequences (3 h after feeding). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS in a Latin square design. Preplanned comparison between HF-C and LF-C were conducted and the main effects of HMTBa and IA and their interaction within the LF diets were examined. The LF-C diet decreased ruminal pH and the ratio of acetate to propionate, with no major changes detected in ruminal FA profile compared with HF-C. The alpha diversity for LF-C was lower compared with HF-C, and beta diversity also differed between LF-C and HF-C. The relative abundance of bacterial phyla and genera associated indirectly with fiber degradation was influenced by LF-C versus HF-C. As the main effect of HMTBa within the LF diets, HMTBa increased the ratio of acetate to propionate and butyrate molar proportion. Ruminal saturated FA were increased and unsaturated FA concentration were decreased by HMTBa, with minimal changes detected in ruminal bacterial diversity and community. As the main effect of IA, IA supplementation increased ruminal concentration of all branched chain volatile FA and valerate and increased the percentage of trans-10 C18 isomers in total FA. In addition, alpha diversity and the number of functional features were increased for IA. Changes in the abundances of bacterial phyla and genera were minimal for IA. Interactions between HMTBa and IA were observed for ruminal variables and some bacterial taxa abundances. In conclusion, increasing trans-10 C18 isomers did not decrease milk fat yield for LF-C versus HF-C when dietary PUFA level was similar. Supplementation of HMTBa increased biohydrogenation capacity, and supplemental IA increased bacterial diversity, possibly alleviating MFD. The combination of HMTBa and IA had no associative effects in the rumen and need further studies to understand the interactive mechanism.</p>
Supplemental videos for "Composition and decomposition of visuomotor maps during manual tracking", by Bernier et al.,
<p>The videos depict representative trials of naïve participants being exposed to each mapping.</p>
Data from: Long-term evaluation of fitness and demographic effects of a Chinook salmon supplementation program
While the goal of supplementation programs is to provide positive, population-level effects for species of conservation concern, these programs can also present an inherent fitness risk when captive-born individuals are fully integrated into the natural population. In order to evaluate the long-term effects of a supplementation program and estimate the demographic and phenotypic factors influencing the fitness of a threatened population of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), we genotyped tissue samples spanning a 19-year period (1998-2016) to generate pedigrees from adult fish returning to Johnson Creek, Idaho USA. We expanded upon previous estimates of relative reproductive success (RRS) to include two full generations and used generalized linear models to determine if origin (hatchery or natural) or phenotypic traits (timing of arrival to spawning grounds, body length, and age) significantly predicted reproductive success (RS) across multiple years. Our results provide evidence that this supplementation program with 100% natural-origin broodstock provided a long-term demographic boost to the population (mean of 4.56 times in the 1st generation and mean of 2.52 times in the 2nd generation). Overall when spawning in nature, hatchery-origin fish demonstrated a trend towards lower RS compared to natural-origin fish (p<0.05). However, when hatchery-origin fish successfully spawned with natural-origin fish, they had similar RS compared to natural by natural crosses (1st generation mean hatchery by natural cross RRS = 1.11 females, 1.13 males; 2nd generation mean hatchery by natural cross RRS = 1.03 females, 1.08 males). While origin, return year, and body length were significant predictors of fitness for both males and females (p<0.05), return day was significant for males but not females (p>0.05). These results indicate that supplementation programs that reduce the potential for genetic adaptation to captivity can be effective at increasing population abundance while limiting long-term fitness effects on wild populations.
Figure 2 from: Sousa FB, Milanin T, Morandini AC, Espinoza LL, Flores-Gonzales A, Gomes AL.S, Matoso DA, Mathews PD (2021) Molecular diagnostic based on 18S rDNA and supplemental taxonomic data of the cnidarian coelozoic Ceratomyxa (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) and comments on the intraspecific morphological variation. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(2): 307-314. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.64769
Figure 2 Transmission electron microscopy images of Ceratomyxa amazonensis isolated of Symphysodon discus from the Unini River, Amazonas State, Brazil. a. Myxospore showing two sub-spherical polar capsules and sporoplasm (sp) occupying most of the myxospore volume; b. Detail of the apical suture (black arrow) and sporoplasmosomes (arrowheads); c. Detail of lateral suture (black arrow); d. Polar capsule displaying still uncoiled internal polar tubule (black arrow). Scale bars: 2 µm (a); 1 µm (c); 500 nm (b, d).
Figure 1 from: Sousa FB, Milanin T, Morandini AC, Espinoza LL, Flores-Gonzales A, Gomes AL.S, Matoso DA, Mathews PD (2021) Molecular diagnostic based on 18S rDNA and supplemental taxonomic data of the cnidarian coelozoic Ceratomyxa (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) and comments on the intraspecific morphological variation. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97(2): 307-314. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.64769
Figure 1 Light photomicrographs of Ceratomyxa amazonensis plasmodia. a, b. Slightly elongated plasmodia showing mature myxospores (white asterisks) and few early sporogonic stages (arrows); c. Spherical plasmodium with two slightly crescent-shaped mature myxospores (ms) and containing early sporogonic stages (arrows); d. Differential interference contrast microscopy snapshot of a slightly crescent-shaped mature myxospore. Scale bars: 10 µm.
Supplemental material for: The dynamics of bird diversity in the new world
<p>Three prominent explanations have been proposed to explain the dramatic differences in species richness across regions and elevations, (1) time for speciation, (2) diversification rates, and (3) ecological limits. But the relative importance of these explanations and, especially, their interplay and possible synthesis remain largely elusive. Integrating diversification analyses, null models, and GIS, I study avian richness across regions and elevations of the New World. My results reveal that even though the three explanations are differentially important (with ecological limits playing the dominant role), each contributes uniquely to the formation of richness gradients. Further, my results reveal the likely interplay between the explanations. They indicate that ecological limits hinder the diversification process, such that the accumulation of species within a region gradually slows down over time. Yet, it does not seem to converge toward a hard ceiling on regional richness. Instead, species-rich regions show suppressed, but continued, diversification, coupled with signatures of possible competition (esp. Neotropical lowlands). Conversely, species-poor, newly-colonized regions show fast diversification and weak to no signs of competition (esp. Nearctic highlands). These results held across five families of birds, across grid cells, biomes, and elevations. Together, my findings begin to illuminate the rich, yet highly consistent, interplay of the mechanisms that together shape richness gradients in the New World, including the most species-rich biodiversity hotspots on the planet, the Andes and the Amazon.</p>
Data from: Resveratrol supplementation reduces oxidative stress and modulates the immune response in free-living animals during a viral infection
1. Diet quality may have an important effect on the regulation of oxidative status and the immune system during an infectious disease. However, the relationship among intake of specific dietary molecules, an individual's oxidative status and the occurrence and progress of a viral disease remains almost unexplored in free-living organisms. 2. Here, we study a wild, long-lived animal, the Magnificent frigatebird Fregata magnificens to investigate: i) the differences in a number of physiological traits (biomarkers of blood oxidative status, corticosterone (CORT), immunity, and inflammation) between sick and healthy nestlings; and ii) whether experimentally increased intake of resveratrol (a polyphenol with antioxidant and antiviral properties) affects these physiological markers during the progress of a severe viral disease. 3. Birds with visible clinical signs showed higher oxidative damage, hemolysis and hemagglutination scores, and lower antioxidant defenses in comparison to birds without clinical signs. At the end of the experiment, supplemented birds showed: i) increased plasma haptoglobin levels and circulating antioxidant defenses; ii) reduced generation of lipid oxidative damage; and iii) negligible to no influence on immune markers, baseline CORT levels, and activity of antioxidant enzymes. 4. Our work illustrates how the availability of specific organic molecules in the diet may constrain the individuals' capacity to cope with viral infections in free-living animals.
Supplemental Data for Cerebral Oxygen Metabolic Stress, Microstructural Injury, and Infarction in Adults With Sickle Cell Disease
<p>Supplemental data to manuscript</p>
Data from: Cognitive function and mood at high altitude following acclimatization and use of supplemental oxygen and adaptive servoventilation sleep treatments
Impairments in cognitive function, mood, and sleep quality occur following ascent to high altitude. Low oxygen (hypoxia) and poor sleep quality are both linked to impaired cognitive performance but their independent contributions at high altitude remain unknown. Adaptive servoventilation (ASV) improves sleep quality by stabilizing breathing and preventing central apneas without supplemental oxygen. We compared the efficacy of ASV and supplemental oxygen sleep treatments for improving daytime cognitive function and mood in high-altitude visitors (N = 18) during acclimatization to 3,800 m. Each night, subjects were randomly provided with ASV, supplemental oxygen (SpO₂ > 95%), or no treatment. Each morning subjects completed a series of cognitive function tests and questionnaires to assess mood and multiple aspects of cognitive performance. We found that both ASV and supplemental oxygen (O2) improved daytime feelings of confusion (ASV: p < 0.01; O₂: p < 0.05) and fatigue (ASV: p < 0.01; O₂: p < 0.01) but did not improve other measures of cognitive performance at high altitude. However, performance improved on the trail making tests (TMT) A and B (p < 0.001), the balloon analog risk test (p < 0.0001), and the psychomotor vigilance test (p < 0.01) over the course of three days at altitude after controlling for effects of sleep treatments. Compared to sea level, subjects reported higher levels of confusion (p < 0.01) and performed worse on the TMT A (p < 0.05) and the emotion recognition test (p < 0.05) on nights when they received no treatment at high altitude. These results suggest that stabilizing breathing (ASV) or increasing oxygenation (supplemental oxygen) during sleep can reduce feelings of fatigue and confusion but that daytime hypoxia may play a larger role in other cognitive impairments reported at high altitude. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that some aspects of cognition (executive control, risk inhibition, sustained attention) improve with acclimatization.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.