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430 results for “Forest Structure”
NEON forest and woodland plots: diversity, structure and climate
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Changes in tree community structures in defaunated forests are not driven only by dispersal limitation
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Pasture trees contribute to structural heterogeneity and plant distributions in post-agricultural forests decades after canopy closure
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Assessing the effects of elephant foraging on the structure and diversity of an Afrotropical forest
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The vegetation composition, structure and regeneration status of Gole Natural Forest, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
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Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Eulaema nigrita (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) as a factor of habitat type in Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments
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Forest structure database for plantation forests over China-CPSDv0
<p>A country-wide synthetic structure database for plantation forests over China was developed by surveying more than 600 peer-reviewed literatures using a meta-analysis protocol. This new database covers tree species, mean tree age, mean tree height, stand density, canopy coverage, diameter at breast height, as well as the associated ancillary <em>in-situ</em> topographical and soil properties. Totally 594 published studies concerning diverse forest structure parameters were compiled for 46 tree species over China.</p> <p>For the convenience of users, the data is stored in the format of EXCEL, and the file name is CPSDv0-final.xlsx. Blanks in the EXCEL file indicate no available records.</p>
Fixed or mixed? variation in tree functional types and vegetation structure in a forest-savanna ecotone in West Africa
<p></p><p>We analysed thirty-five 400-m<sup>2</sup> plots encompassing forest, savanna and intermediate vegetation types in an ecotonal area in Ghana, West Africa. Across all plots, fire frequency was over a period of 15 years relatively uniform (once in 2–4 years). Although woodlands were dominated by species typically associated with savanna-type formations, and with forest formations dominated by species usually associated with closed canopies, these associations were non-obligatory and with a discrete non-specialized species grouping also identified. Across all plots, crown area index, stem basal area and above-ground biomass were positively associated with higher soil exchangeable potassium and silt contents: this supporting recent suggestions of interplays between potassium and soil water storage potential as a significant influence on tropical vegetation structure. We also found an average NDVI cover increase of ~0.15% year<sup>−1</sup> (1984–2011) with plots dominated by non-specialized species increasing more than those dominated by either forest- or savanna-affiliated species. Our results challenge the traditional view of a simple forest vs. savanna dichotomy controlled by fire, and with our newly identified third non-specialized species grouping also potentially important in understanding ecotonal responses to climate change.</p><p></p>
Data and R code for What you see is where you go: visibility influences movement decisions of a forest bird navigating a 3D structured matrix
<p>Animal spatial behaviour is often presumed to reflect responses to visual cues. However, inference of behaviour in relation to the environment is challenged by the lack of objective methods to identify the information that effectively is available to an animal from a given location. In general, animals are assumed to have unconstrained information on the environment within a detection circle of a certain radius (the perceptual range; PR). However, visual cues are only available up to the first physical obstruction within an animal's PR, making information availability a function of an animal's location within the physical environment (the effective visual perceptual range; EVPR). By using LiDAR data and viewshed analysis, we model forest birds' EVPRs at each step along a movement path. We found that the EVPR was on average 0.063% that of an unconstrained PR and, by applying a step-selection analysis, that individuals are 1.57 times more likely to move to a tree within their EVPR than to an equivalent tree outside it. This demonstrates that behavioural choices can be substantially impacted by the characteristics of an individual's EVPR and highlights that inferences made from movement data may be improved by accounting for the EVPR.</p>
Figure 13 from: Vagmaker N, Pereira-Ribeiro J, Colombo Ferreguetti Á, Boazi A, Gama-Matos R, Bergallo HG, Duarte Rocha CF (2020) Structure of the leaf litter frog community in an area of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia 37: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e38877
Figure 13 Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) showing the similarity of the leaf litter anuran community in two areas of the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve. The points represent the plots sampled in the two areas between October 2017 to September 2018, with the circles representing the plots arranged in the Alto Alegre area and the triangles representing the plots arranged in the Represa Velha area.
Figures 2-12 from: Vagmaker N, Pereira-Ribeiro J, Colombo Ferreguetti Á, Boazi A, Gama-Matos R, Bergallo HG, Duarte Rocha CF (2020) Structure of the leaf litter frog community in an area of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia 37: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e38877
Figures 2-12 Species of anurans found in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve, Cariacica, Espírito Santo: (2) Proceratophrys schirchi; (3) Rhinella crucifer; (4) Proceratophrys laticeps; (5) Euparkerella tridactyla; (6) Crossodactylus aff. gaudichaudii; (7) Ischnocnema oea; (8) Ischnocnema abdita; (9) Physalaemus crombiei; (10) Ololygon kautskyi; (11) Haddadus binotatus; (12) Zachaenus carvalhoi .
Figure 14 from: Vagmaker N, Pereira-Ribeiro J, Colombo Ferreguetti Á, Boazi A, Gama-Matos R, Bergallo HG, Duarte Rocha CF (2020) Structure of the leaf litter frog community in an area of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia 37: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e38877
Figure 14 Density of forest leaf litter anurans by locality in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve, Espírito Santo, Brazil. (Rh_cr) Rhinella crucifer, (Ha_bi) Haddadus binotatus, (Pr_sc) Proceratophrys schirchi, (Is_oe) Ischnocnema oea, (Ph_cr) Physalaemus crombiei, (Cr_ga) Crossodactylus gaudichaudii, (Pr_la) Proceratophrys laticeps, (Ol_ka) Ololygon kautskyi,(Eu_tr) Euparkerella tridactyla, (Is_ab) I. abdita, (Za_ca) Zachaenus carvalhoi.
Figure 1 from: Vagmaker N, Pereira-Ribeiro J, Colombo Ferreguetti Á, Boazi A, Gama-Matos R, Bergallo HG, Duarte Rocha CF (2020) Structure of the leaf litter frog community in an area of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. Zoologia 37: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e38877
Figure 1 Location of the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve, Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. The black lines show the two localities sampled (1 = Represa Velha Trail, 2 = Alto Alegre Trail). Gray lines represent the contour lines of the area.
Legacy forest structure increases bird diversity and abundance in aging young forests
Many studies have demonstrated the importance of early successional forest habitat for breeding bird abundance, composition, and diversity. However, very few studies directly link measures of bird diversity, composition and abundance to measures of forest composition and structure and their dynamic change over early succession. This study examines the relationships between breeding bird community composition and forest structure in regenerating broadleaf forests of southern New England, USA, separating the influences of ecological succession from retained stand structure. We conducted bird point counts and vegetation surveys across a chronosequence of forest stands, that originated between 2 and 24 years previously in shelterwood timber harvests, a silvicultural method of regenerating oak-mixed broadleaf forests. We distinguish between vegetation variables that relate to condition of forest regeneration and those that reflect legacy stand structure. Using principal components analyses we confirmed the distinction between regeneration and legacy vegetation variables. We ran regression analysis to test for relationships between bird community variables, including nesting and foraging functional guild abundances, and vegetation variables. We confirmed these relationships with hierarchical partitioning. Our results demonstrate that regenerating and legacy vegetation correlate with bird community variables across stand phases, and that the strength with which they drive bird community composition changes with forest succession. While measures of regeneration condition explain bird abundance and diversity variables during late initiation, legacy stand structure explains them during stem exclusion. Canopy cover, ground-story diversity, and canopy structure diversity are the most powerful and consistent explanatory variables. Our results suggest that leaving varied legacy stand structure to promote habitat heterogeneity in shelterwood harvests contributes to greater bird community diversity. Interestingly, this is particularly important during the structurally depauperate phase of stem exclusion of young regenerating forests.
Figure 1 from: Silva JL, Silva RJ, Fernandes IM, Sousa WO, Vaz-de-Mello FZ (2020) Species composition and community structure of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compared among savanna and forest formations in the southwestern Brazilian Cerrado. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e58960
Figure 1 Map indicating the location of the study area within the Serra Azul State Park (SASP) in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The detail illustrates the spatial organization of the plots following the RAPELD protocol. Plots 1, 7, 8, and 9 – Typical savanna, Plots 2, 4, 5, and 10 – Open savanna, Plot 3 – Gallery forest, Plot 6 – Deciduous forest.
Figure 2 from: Silva JL, Silva RJ, Fernandes IM, Sousa WO, Vaz-de-Mello FZ (2020) Species composition and community structure of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compared among savanna and forest formations in the southwestern Brazilian Cerrado. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e58960
Figure 2 Sample-size-based rarefaction and extrapolation sampling curves (q = 0) of dung beetles collected with pitfall traps in the Serra Azul State Park (SASP), state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The numbers in parentheses are the sample size and the observed Hill numbers for each reference sample. Shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 5 from: Silva JL, Silva RJ, Fernandes IM, Sousa WO, Vaz-de-Mello FZ (2020) Species composition and community structure of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compared among savanna and forest formations in the southwestern Brazilian Cerrado. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e58960
Figure 5 Mantel correlogram between dung beetle community and pairwise distance of plots in the four plant formations of the Serra Azul State Park (SASP), state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Positive significant values indicate a positive autocorrelation, while significant negative values have the opposite interpretation. Significant values are represented by red circle.
Figure 4 from: Silva JL, Silva RJ, Fernandes IM, Sousa WO, Vaz-de-Mello FZ (2020) Species composition and community structure of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compared among savanna and forest formations in the southwestern Brazilian Cerrado. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e58960
Figure 4 Rank abundances of dung beetles compared among the four plant formations in the Serra Azul State Park (SASP), state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The letters indicate the more abundant species: (A) Eurysternus caribaeus, (B) Dichotomius aff. carbonarius, (C) Onthophagus aff. hirculus, (D) Eurysternus nigrovirens, (E) Canthon aff. simulans, (F) Onthophagus buculus, (G) Oxysternon palemo, (H) Canthon fortemarginatus, (I) Canthidium aff. barbacenicum.
Figure 3 from: Silva JL, Silva RJ, Fernandes IM, Sousa WO, Vaz-de-Mello FZ (2020) Species composition and community structure of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compared among savanna and forest formations in the southwestern Brazilian Cerrado. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e58960
Figure 3 Proportions of the three guilds of dung beetle by abundance and richness compared among the four plant formations in the Serra Azul State Park (SASP), summing both trap types (pitfall, FIT).
Figure 6 from: Silva JL, Silva RJ, Fernandes IM, Sousa WO, Vaz-de-Mello FZ (2020) Species composition and community structure of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) compared among savanna and forest formations in the southwestern Brazilian Cerrado. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e58960
Figure 6 Ordination (PCoA) of the beetle assemblages in each plant formation in Serra Azul State Park (SASP), state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, with the vectors of spatial attributes (dbMEM).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.