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364 results for “Late Pleistocene”
Figure 2 in Osteology and ecology of Megantereon cultridens SE311 (Mammalia; Felidae; Machairodontinae), a sabrecat from the Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene of Senéze, France
Figure 2. Comparative skull morphology of Megantereon cultridens SE311 (A, left lateral, and B, ventral view), Smilodon populator CN52 (C, left lateral, and D, ventral view) and a jaguar (Panthera onca) CN843 (E, left lateral, and F, ventral view). Scale bars = 5 cm. Only the portions which are preserved in Megantereon are indicated for all three species.
Figure 1 in Osteology and ecology of Megantereon cultridens SE311 (Mammalia; Felidae; Machairodontinae), a sabrecat from the Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene of Senéze, France
Figure 1. Skull of Megantereon cultridens SE311 in left lateral (A), ventral (B), dorsal (C), posterior (D) and anterior (E) view. Notice the obvious restoration of the entire posterior part of the skull.
Figure 2 in Postcranial morphology of the extinct caviine rodent Microcavia criolloensis (late Pleistocene, South America)
Figure 2. Bivariate diagrams: A, upper and lower molar series length (range and mean) (statistical data of M. shiptoni, M. chapalmalensis, M. reigi and M. robusta from Quintana, 1996: 69); B, length and distal transverse width of metacarpal III (McIII); C, length and distal transverse width of metatarsal III (MtIII).
Figure 5. A–C in Postcranial morphology of the extinct caviine rodent Microcavia criolloensis (late Pleistocene, South America)
Figure 5. A–C, lateral view of digit III: A, Microcavia niata (JCT-1515) (inverted image from right); B, Microcavia criolloensis (BRA-3-355); C, Galea spixii (MN-34417) (inverted image from right). D, E, lateral view of digit V: D, Microcavia australis (MLP-DZV-26.VIII.01.21); E, Microcavia criolloensis (BRA-3-355). Abbreviations as in Figure 4.
Figure 1 from: (2011) Sub-fossil beetle assemblages associated with the "mammoth fauna" in the Late Pleistocene localities of the Ural Mountains and West Siberia. ZooKeys 100: 149-169. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.100.1524
Figure 1 - Geographical location of the study sites in the Ural Mountains and Western Siberia. Numbers of sites: 1 Syoyakha-Mutnaya 2 430 km from Ob 3 Aganskiy uval-1290/2 4 Mega 5 Lokosovo 6 Kul'egan-2247 Point I 7 Kul'egan -2247 Point II 8 Skorodum 9 Andriyshino 10 Nizhnyaya Tavda 11 Mal'kovo 12 Nikitino 13 Shurala. Bold line - Borders of vegetation types, reconstructed for the beginning of MIS 2 on the basis of palynological data: I periglacial tundra II periglacial steppe and forest-steppe III boreal forest and parklands (after Grichuk and Borisova 2009)
Detrital thermochronology reveals drainage capture in the eastern Tibetan Plateau after Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene
<p>dataset for manuscript</p>
Data from: Amplicon pyrosequencing late Pleistocene permafrost: the removal of putative contaminant sequences and small-scale reproducibility
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Supplementary material for Roca-Neyra Equids: Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene Hipparion - Equus database for multivariate and statistical analysis for European fossil Equids
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Winter insolation modulates boreal tropical monsoonal temperatures in the Late Pleistocene
<p>These data are calculated by our model output.</p>
Data used in the paper entitled: "Hidden faults: the Late Pleistocene transpression of the Königssee–Lammertal–Traunsee Fault inferred from caves deformation (Eastern Alps)"
<p><strong>Manuscript Abstract: </strong>The Eastern Alps have undergone lateral extrusion since the late Oligocene, with major crustal-scale strike-slip faults still active, as evidenced by earthquakes up to M6, despite scant geological record. Research has focused more on the Salzach-Ennstal-Mariazell-Puchberg (SEMP) and Mur-Mürz faults, leaving the central part of the Northern Calcareous Alps cut by the 110 km long Königssee–Lammertal–Traunsee (KLT) fault system under-studied. We took advantage of a cave environment isolated from erosion, providing unparalleled structural indicators exposure to fill the Pleistocene deformation history gap of the KLT. We reconstruct paleostress for 26 reverse, strike-slip, and oblique reactivated faults that offset passages in seven caves close to sinistral KLT and dextral Lammertal faults. <sup>230</sup>Th/U dating of faulted and broken speleothems revealed two reactivation events since the Middle Pleistocene. The older event dates can be constrained to 331 (+89/-54) to 287 ± 6 ka, or 297-281 ka if the KLT and Lammertal faults were reactivated simultaneously. The younger event occurred between 130 and 90 ka, aligning with fault reactivations in the eastern Alps.</p> <p>Cave observations allowed us to analyze reverse faults in the positive flower structure of the KLT and mode I fracture with minor antithetic dextral slip, suggesting a sinistral component of regional rejuvenation. Our findings indicate that the KLT was reactivated due to simple shear with NNE compression. Along the Lammertal fault, we recorded a strike-slip regime driven by NNW compression. The KLT and Lammertal faults form a system of conjugated shears that efficiently accommodate N-S shortening compared to the SEMP fault, which is perpendicular to the compression. Combining our neotectonic data with current seismicity shows that the KLT plays a key role in the Quaternary extrusion process in the studied Alpine sector, surpassing the more prominent SEMP fault.</p> <p><strong>In this dataset, we make available:</strong></p> <p>iPhone13Pro LiDAR scan of the two cave passage offsets: one in the Dependance cave and Gamssteig cave</p> <p>PDF file with dated sample location and description</p> <p> </p> <p>Published in:</p> <p><strong>Szczygieł, J., Plan, L., Hellstrom, J., & Grasemann, B. (2024). Hidden Faults : The Late Pleistocene Transpression of the Königs- see – Lammertal – Traunsee Fault Inferred from Caves Deformation ( Eastern Alps ). Lithosphere, (Number Special 15), lithosphere_2024_177, 14. https://doi.org/10.2113/2024/lithosphere</strong></p> <p><strong>This research was founded by the NCN Polish National Science Center [grant No 2020/39/D/ST10/00615]</strong></p>
Text-fig. 1: Topographical location of the Fukov gravel pit. in Fossils In Late Cretaceous To Early Palaeocene Flint Nodules Embedded In Pleistocene Glaciofluvial Sediments Near Fukov (Děčín District, Northern Bohemia)
Text-fig. 1: Topographical location of the Fukov gravel pit.
Data used in the manuscript entitled: The Curious Case of Short Fault Scarp in the Podhale Basin (Western Carpathians): implications for Late Pleistocene geodynamics
<p><strong>Manuscript Abstract: </strong>Areas with low deformation rates, such as continental interiors or mature orogens like the Western Carpathians, may represent significant seismic hazard zones, albeit still insufficiently recognized. Relatively low-magnitude earthquakes occurring in such regions pose challenges for paleoseismology, despite occasional documented surface fault ruptures. However, all these ruptures fit the empirical displacement-length scaling relationships. This study focuses on a scarp located in the Podhale Basin (Central Western Carpathians) that deviates from these empirical laws. Despite its relatively short length of only 3 km, the scarp, measuring up to 8 m in height, presents several indications of its tectonic origin. Geophysical GPR and ERT surveys revealed a vertical discontinuity directly beneath the scarp. We identified distinct features interpreted as a fault zone in a trench across the scarp. Lacking material suitable for dating, we estimated the age of the fault scarp at 26.3 ± 14.5 ka using simple linear diffusion modeling. However, this result requires caution due to assumptions like scarp formation from a single event. Yet, the consistency of the estimated age with the superposition of the scarp relative to the morphology and weathered covers from the last glaciation is noteworthy. Furthermore, morphological and geological mapping suggests the dextral oblique kinematics of the studied fault. The prevailing trend of NE (NNE) compression across the Podhale and Orava basins and the Tatra Mountains aligns the dextral Brzegi fault with the broader Alpine-Carpathian geodynamic framework. The Brzegi fault, as part of the broader Białka fault zone, provides evidence of far-field effects, serving as an NNW-striking dextral antithetic fault to major sinistral NE-SW striking faults. The recognized pattern indicates the continued post-Miocene Alpine extrusion toward the Carpathians. </p> <p><strong>In this dataset, we make available:</strong></p> <p>iPhone13Pro LiDAR scan of the trench (texture_output)</p> <p>high-resolution orthophotomosaic (Brzegi_trench.tif)</p> <p>PDF file with methods and results of simple linear scarp diffusion modeling</p> <p>PDF file with methods and all geophysical profiles surveyed with electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), induced polarization tomography (IP), and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) </p> <p> </p>
Figure 1 in An extremely large saber-tooth cat skull from Uruguay (late Pleistocene -early Holocene, Dolores Formation): body size and paleobiological implications
Figure 1. Map of Uruguay showing the approximate geographic location where the Smilodon populator skull (MNHN-P 957) was found (black triangle): Limetas Creek (Department of Colonia), Dolores Formation.
Extended Data Fig. 4 in A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Extended Data Fig. 4 | Procrustes analyses of the premolar and molar EDJ. a, Landmarks placed on the main dentine horns (in red) and semilandmarks (in white) positioned along the marginal ridges of the premolar EDJ. b, Landmarks placed on the main dentine horns (in red) and the semilandmarks (in white) positioned along the marginal ridges and on the oblique crest of the molar EDJ. c, Key for d–i. d–g, PCAs of the three-dimensional landmarks Procrustes-registered shape coordinates of the P3s (d), P4s (e), M1s (f) and M2s (g). h, i, bgPCAs of the three- dimensional landmarks Procrustes-registered shape coordinates of the M1s (h) and M2s (i). Sample sizes for d, e, f and h, and g and i, respectively: H. erectus, n = 2, 3, 5, and 3; H. neanderthalensis, n = 5, 6, 5, and 6; fossil H. sapiens, n = 3, 3, 4, and 3; extant H. sapiens, n = 8, 9, 7, and 9; H. floresiensis, n = 1, 0, 0, and 0; H. luzonensis, n = 2, 2, 1, and 1. A detailed list of specimens can be found in Supplementary Table 6.
Extended Data Fig. 8 in A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Extended Data Fig. 8 | CCH4, proximal pedal phalanx of H. luzonensis. a, Photograph of the original specimen CCH4 in lateral view. b, Threedimensional rendering of CCH4. From left to right: plantar, lateral, dorsal, medial, distal (top), proximal (bottom), disto-lateral and proximo-lateral aspects. c, Comparison of CCH4 with Pliocene (A.L.333-115h, left third proximal phalanx, mirrored), Pleistocene (LB1/36, unknown side and rays 2–5) and recent ('Negrito' 9764, right third proximal pedal phalanx), proximal pedal phalanges in plantar (top) and side (bottom) views. d, Transverse (1, 2, 3) and mid-sagittal (4) micro-CT slices of CCH4 (plantar aspect of three-dimensional rendering, during the segmentation process; 1, 2, 3, dorsal is up, plantar is down, lateral is left, medial is right; 4, distal is up, proximal is down, dorsal is left, plantar is right). e, Protocol for three-dimensional Procrustes analysis: landmarks placed on the main anatomical features (n = 20, in red) and equally spaced semilandmarks (n = 250, in green) placed on the whole surface of the proximal pedal phalanx (template shown on the proximal pedal phalanx, ray 2 of the right foot of the recent H. sapiens 35071). f, g, Box-and-whisker plots depicting comparisons of the articular angle a (f) and the dorsal canting angle α (g) of the proximal pedal phalanx CCH4. Box, 25–75th percentiles; centre line, median; whiskers, non-outlier range; dots, outliers; dotted line, value for CCH4. A detailed list of specimens can be found in Supplementary Table 11. Scale bars, 10 mm.
Extended Data Fig. 7 in A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Extended Data Fig. 7 | CCH5, distal manual phalanx of H. luzonensis. a, Photograph of the original specimen CCH5 in palmar view. b, Three- dimensional rendering of CCH5. From left to right: palmar, lateral/medial, dorsal, medial/lateral, distal (top), proximal (bottom), disto-lateral/ medial and proximo-lateral/medial aspects. c, Comparison of CCH5 with Pliocene (A.L.333-11 and A.L.333-50), Lower Pleistocene (OH7 (FLK- NN-B) and SKX 27504), Upper Pleistocene (LB6/12) and recent distal manual phalanges (PAPO-74-53 and PAPO-74-11) in palmar (top) and side (bottom) views. All specimens are from rays 2–5 of unknown side, except for OH7 (second to fourth ray, probably from the right hand of a juvenile individual). d, e, Box-and-whisker plots depicting the expansion index ((apical tuft maximum medio-lateral width/maximum mediolateral width of the base) × 100)) (d) and the robusticity index ((apical tuft maximum medio-lateral width/biomechanical length) × 100) (e) of the distal manual phalanx CCH5. Box, 25–75th percentiles, centre line, median; whiskers, non-outlier range; dots, outliers; dotted line, value for CCH5. A detailed list of specimens can be found in Supplementary Table 10. For conservative reasons, taxonomic assignation of hand remains OH7 and SKX 27504 are considered to be uncertain (see main text and Methods). Scale bars, 10 mm.
Extended Data Fig. 6 in A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Extended Data Fig. 6 | Procrustes analyses of the intermediate manual phalanx of H. luzonensis. CCH2 compared to specimens attributed to Australopithecus (A. afarensis, n = 1; A. africanus, n = 1; A. sediba, n = 2), Paranthropus/early Homo (Swartkrans, Member 1, n = 3; Member 3, n = 2), H. naledi (Hand 1, n = 2), H. floresiensis (LB1/48 and LB6/9) and recent H. sapiens separated into 3 samples corresponding to ray number (n = 15, 21 and 19 for rays 2, 3 and 4, respectively). A detailed list of specimens can be found in Supplementary Table 9. a–c, bgPCA of Procrustes-registered landmarks and semilandmarks (H. sapiens sample includes ray 3 only): scatter plot of individual scores for bgPC1 versus bgPC2 (a); scatter plot of individual scores for bgPC2 versus bgPC3 (b); shape variation associated with bgPC1, bgPC2 and bgPC3 (c). d, bgPCA of Procrustes-registered landmarks and semilandmarks (H. sapiens sample includes ray 4 only): scatter plot of individual scores for bgPC1 versus bgPC2. e, bgPCA of Procrustes-registered landmarks and semilandmarks (H. sapiens sample includes ray 2 only): scatter plot of individual scores for bgPC1 versus bgPC2. f, Box-and-whisker plot depicting centroid size (Procrustes registration of all specimens together). Box, 25–75th percentiles; centre line, median; whiskers, non-outlier range; dots, outliers; dotted line, value for CCH2. g, Protocol for three-dimensional Procrustes analysis: landmarks placed on the main anatomical features (n = 23, in red) and equally spaced semilandmarks (n = 250, in green) placed on the whole surface of the intermediate manual phalanx (template shown on the intermediate manual phalanx, ray 3, of the recent H. sapiens 17980).
Extended Data Fig. 3 in A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Extended Data Fig. 3 | Elliptic Fourier analysis of M1 crown contour. CCH6-c compared to the holotype of H. floresiensis (LB1) and large samples of archaeological and recent H. sapiens individuals. a, PCA of shape data for all specimens, scatter plot of individual scores for PC1 versus PC2 (see Methods; elliptic Fourier descriptors applied to Procrustes-aligned outlines, ten harmonics included). LGM, Last Glacial Maximum. Sample sizes: H. luzonensis, n = 1; H. floresiensis, n = 2; pre- LGM, n = 2; pre-Neolithic post-LGM, n = 12; Neolithic/post-Neolithic, n = 232; recent 'Negritos', n = 19. A detailed list of specimens can be found in Supplementary Table 5. b, Bar plot of eigenvalues (%) of PC1–PC6. c, Extreme shape variations along PC1 and PC2. The scores of H. luzonensis M1 along PC1 and PC2 reflects a crown outline shape that is mesio-distally compressed, but not as much as that of H. floresiensis (two versions of the LB1 right M1). d, Right M1 of the holotype of H. floresiensis LB1 showing the two different versions of the crown outline (see Methods): the original contour (V1; in blue) published in a previous study7, and the contour (V2; in red) drawn by J.C. differ in the compensation of the mesial IPCF. These two versions differ minimally in the results of the elliptic Fourier analysis (see d and h). e, PCA of Fourier descriptors for the means of 16 groups of H. sapiens (sample sizes in brackets, see details in Supplementary Table 5), H. luzonensis CCH6-c and H. floresiensis LB1 (V1 and V2 treated as 2 groups): scatter plot of mean scores for PC1 versus PC2 with a superimposed minimum spanning tree indicating distances between groups. f, Extreme shape variations along PC1 and PC2: H. floresiensis differs from H. luzonensis in having a M1 crown contour shape that is more compressed mesio-distally, with a more developed protocone
Fig. 3 in A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Fig. 3 | Dental metrics. a, Square root of the computed occlusal surface area of P3 (n = 166), P4 (n = 167), M1 (n = 216), M2 (n = 185) and M3 (n = 129). Dots correspond to the group average, vertical bars and shaded areas correspond to ±2 s.e.m. √OS, square root of the occlusal surface. b, Bivariate scatter plot of the summed square root of computed occlusal surface areas of premolars (P3 and P4) versus molars (M1 and M2), with regression lines (solid lines) and 95% confidence intervals (shaded areas) for all groups, except H. floresiensis and H. luzonensis. Sample sizes for a, b, respectively: Australopithecus, n = 119, 6; Paranthropus, n = 111, 5; African and European early Homo, n = 114, 13; Asian early Homo, n = 74, 5; H. neanderthalensis, n = 126, 12; H. sapiens, n = 307,47; H. floresiensis, n = 4, 1; H. luzonensis, n = 8∗, 1 (∗CCH8 treated as P3 and P4 in a). A detailed list of specimens can be found in Supplementary Table 4.
Extended Data Fig. 1 in A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines
Extended Data Fig. 1 | Inventory of the fossil elements attributed to H. luzonensis and detailed views of the dental remains. a, The hominin fossils recovered from Callao Cave. R, right; L, left; P, premolar; M, molar. b, Three-dimensional rendering of the postcanine maxillary teeth CCH6-b to CCH6-e (M2–P3): occlusal (top row) and buccal (bottom row) aspects. Enamel is shown in dark blue, dentine and cement in light brown and pulp cavity in dark grey. In all views, mesial is to the right, distal to the left. c, CCH6-a, right M3: occlusal, buccal, lingual, mesial and distal aspects (from top to bottom and left to right). Occlusal view: mesial is to the right, distal to the left. d, CCH6-a to CCH6-e, right M3–P3: photograph of occlusal aspect. Mesial is to the right, distal to the left. The numbers indicate the locations of the detailed views of the inter-proximal contact facets (IPCFs): P3 (CCH6-e), mesial IPCF 1: note the small size of this IPCF, indicating that the canine was probably not large; 2–5: note the perfect match between corresponding pairs of mesial (top row) and distal (bottom row, mirrored images) IPCFs, from the P3 (CCH6-e) to the M3 (CCH6-a). e, CCH6-c, right M1: distal aspect, showing the partially fused lingual and disto-buccal roots. Lingual is to the left, buccal to the right. f, CCH8, left P3 or P4, photograph of the original fossil (occlusal view) and three-dimensional rendering: occlusal (top row), buccal (middle row) and mesio-buccal (bottom row) aspects. Enamel is shown in dark blue, dentine and cement in light brown and pulp cavity in dark grey. g, CCH9, right M3: occlusal, buccal, lingual, mesial and distal aspects (from top to bottom and left to right). Occlusal view: mesial is to the right, distal to the left; captures of the three-dimensional surface model. Scale bars, 10 mm (IPCF views in d (1–5) are not to scale); the mirrored image is indicated by an asterisk.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.