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Fig. 8 in A new subdisarticulated machaeridian from the Middle Devonian of China: Insights into taphonomy and taxonomy using X-ray microtomography and 3D-analysis

Fig. 8. Orientation of the 70 dacryoconarids in the sample. A. Rose diagram showing the lineations of the dacryoconarids (numbers 5 and 8 refer to dacryoconarid counts; note that both the tip and aperture where counted of each object resulting in double counts). B. Rose diagram showing dacryoconarids whose apices are higher (open rectangles) and lower (closed rectangles) positioned than their corresponding open ends in relation to an imagined x-y-plane.

Fig. 9 in A new subdisarticulated machaeridian from the Middle Devonian of China: Insights into taphonomy and taxonomy using X-ray microtomography and 3D-analysis

Fig. 9. Comparison between the known species of Lepidocoleus and L. kuangguoduni sp. nov. with number of sclerites, age, and geographic occurrence indicated; lateral (A) and dorsal (E) views of the fossils, images of sclerites (B), outlines of sclerites (C), cross sections, to show the proportions of the dorsal depression (D).

Fig. 4 in A new subdisarticulated machaeridian from the Middle Devonian of China: Insights into taphonomy and taxonomy using X-ray microtomography and 3D-analysis

Fig. 4. Overview of the almost complete sclerites from the 3D-analysis (orthographic perspective). Group I: sclerites 1, 4, 6 (A–C) and group II: sclerites 2, 5, 7, 10 (D–G). Internal (A1–G1), lateral (A2–G2), dorsal (A3–G3), posterior (A4–G4), and anterior (A5–G5) views.

Fig. 7 in A new subdisarticulated machaeridian from the Middle Devonian of China: Insights into taphonomy and taxonomy using X-ray microtomography and 3D-analysis

Fig. 7. Overview of objects interpreted as dacryoconarids surrounding the machaeridian sclerites. A. All objects including the ones discarded for further analysis (light grey). B. Dacryoconarids selected for measurements (red).

Fig. 3 in A new subdisarticulated machaeridian from the Middle Devonian of China: Insights into taphonomy and taxonomy using X-ray microtomography and 3D-analysis

Fig. 3. Overview over the assemblage of the sixteen 3D-objects which were created from different viewpoints. Orthographic top (A) and front (B) views. Orthographic top view (C), projected on the sample to show the position of the 3D-model in the correct position on the x-y-plane and corresponding viewing directions. Orthographic left side (D) and right side (E) views.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2011View details →

Fig. 2 in X-ray Microtomography (XMT) of Fossil Brachiopod Shell Interiors for Taxonomy

Fig. 2. Transverse serial sections of Terebratula terebratula (Linnaeus, 1758), through specimen ZPAL Bp.XLIV/9; Pliocene, Velerín, Spain. Numbers indicate distance in mm from the tip of the ventral umbo.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2011View details →

Fig. 1 in X-ray Microtomography (XMT) of Fossil Brachiopod Shell Interiors for Taxonomy

Fig. 1. Terebratulide brachiopod Terebratula terebratula (Linnaeus, 1758), Pliocene, Velerín, Spain; complete specimen, ZPAL Bp.XLIV/9. A. Dorsal view. B. Reconstruction of 3−D internal structure with virtually cut out part of the ventral valve.

FIGURE 2 in Non-destructive analysis of in situ ammonoid jaws by synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography

FIGURE 2. Reconstructed tomographic images of the specimen (1) and its internal structure in median section (2). The lower and upper jaws are enlarged in (3) and (4), respectively.

FIGURE 5 in Non-destructive analysis of in situ ammonoid jaws by synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography

FIGURE 5. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the upper and lower jaws preserved in the body chamber of the specimen. The reconstructed parts are inside the specimen (1). The jaws are preserved close to each other (2).

FIGURE 1 in Non-destructive analysis of in situ ammonoid jaws by synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography

FIGURE 1. Left lateral (1), dorsal (2) and ventral (3) views of Phyllopachyceras ezoensis with preserved upper and lower jaws in situ within the body chamber. UMUT MM 27831 (modified from Tanabe et al., 2013).

FIGURE 7 in Non-destructive analysis of in situ ammonoid jaws by synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography

FIGURE 7. Result of segmentation of the upper jaw of the specimen, from frontal (1), rear (2), left-lateral (3) views and the transverse section of the area (4) indicated as a square in (3). The three-dimensional reconstruction (5) shows areal distributions of the "chitinous" lamellae and the calcareous covering. The reconstruction of the transverse section (6), which corresponds to (4), shows the architecture of the outer lamella. The abbreviations are indicated in (5).

FIGURE 6 in Non-destructive analysis of in situ ammonoid jaws by synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography

FIGURE 6. Result of segmentation of the lower jaw of the specimen, from lateral view which is restricted to its anterior and posterior portion (1). Three-dimensional reconstruction (2) suggests a wide distribution of calcareous material. The outer calcareous layer on the outer "chitinous" layer is partly taken off in (2). The transverse section of the area indicated as a square in (1) shows that the calcareous covering of the lower jaw also covers the internal surface of the "chitinous" lamella (3). The abbreviation is indicated in (2).

FIGURE 4 in Non-destructive analysis of in situ ammonoid jaws by synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography

FIGURE 4. Linear absorption coefficient (LAC) of the internal portions of the specimen estimated by their mean luminance values in the tomographic images. The numbers (1)-(10) correspond to the materials in Table 1. The dashed lines indicate the known values for the materials (Chantler et al., 2005) that could be expected to be observed in the specimen. Note that glycine is the most dominant amino acid in jaws of Octopus vulgaris (Hunt and Nixon, 1981). The relationship between LAC values and luminance values is based on the assumption that the LAC values for the surrounding air are zero and that the crystals precipitated in the phragmocone are calcite.

FIGURE 3 in Non-destructive analysis of in situ ammonoid jaws by synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography

FIGURE 3. Serial cross-sections of the body chamber portion of the specimen cut from the venter (1) to the dorsum (4), in which sectioned images of the upper jaw are shown. Note that the vertical stripes are due to the separated scanning.

FIGURE 2 in Late Jurassic jaw bones of Halecomorph fish (Actinopterygii: Halecomorphi) studied with X-ray microcomputed tomography

FIGURE 2. Panoramic view of the highest level of exploitation in Owadów-Brzezinki quarry (i.e., unit III and most fossiliferous 'Corbulomima horizon' occurring in the middle of the quarry wall).

FIGURE 4 in Late Jurassic jaw bones of Halecomorph fish (Actinopterygii: Halecomorphi) studied with X-ray microcomputed tomography

FIGURE 4. Maxillary bone of osteichthyan fish Caturus sp. (ZPAL P.16/O-B/2): 1-2. reconstruction of 3-D 'virtual fossils'— the same specimen after digital processing and analysis of tomographic data (scale bars equal 10 mm). 3. vertical sections of Caturus sp. teeth. 4. just after discovery.

FIGURE 1 in Late Jurassic jaw bones of Halecomorph fish (Actinopterygii: Halecomorphi) studied with X-ray microcomputed tomography

FIGURE 1. Map of Poland (1) with the location of the Owadów-Brzezinki Quarry (2B) near Tomaszów Mazowiecki.

FIGURE 3 in Late Jurassic jaw bones of Halecomorph fish (Actinopterygii: Halecomorphi) studied with X-ray microcomputed tomography

FIGURE 3. Jaw bone of osteichthyan fish Furo sp. (ZPAL P.16/O-B/1): 1-2. 3-D model of 'virtual fossils'—a different view of the same specimen after digital processing and analysis of tomographic data. 4. vertical sections of Furo sp. teeth. 5. 3-D printed dentary – 'virtual fossils'. 6. specimen in piece of limestone (scale bars equal 10 mm).

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2016View details →

FIGURE 3 in Using X-ray computed tomography analysis tools to compare the skeletal element morphology of fossil and modern frog (Anura) species

FIGURE 3. Morphological bone-to-bone comparison between the 'nominal' male (CP001) and 'actual' female (CP002) Xenopus laevis. The differences are colour-coded and show female (CP002) variance relative to the nominal bone of the male (CP001) which is depicted in the figure.