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FIGURE 10. Carineta digitata n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 10. Carineta digitata n. sp.: A, Holotype male habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, holotype male operculum; E, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; F, holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–D, 2 mm; E–F, 1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Carineta nigrafissura n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 11. Carineta nigrafissura n. sp.: A, Holotype male habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; F, holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–D, 2 mm; E–F, 1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Carineta bitorquata n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 7. Carineta bitorquata n. sp.: A, Holotype male habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, holotype male operculum; E, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; F, holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–D, 2 mm; E–F, 1 mm.

FIGURE 5. Guyalna spilonotophora n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 5. Guyalna spilonotophora n. sp.: A, Holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, holotype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–E, 2 mm; F–G, 1 mm; H–I, 1 mm.

FIGURE 8. Carineta castaneopercula n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 8. Carineta castaneopercula n. sp.: A, Holotype male habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, holotype male operculum; E, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; F, holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–D, 2 mm; E–F, 1 mm.

FIGURE 6. Carineta acommosis n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 6. Carineta acommosis n. sp.: A, Holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, holotype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–E, 2 mm; F–G, 1 mm; H–I, 1 mm.

FIGURE 3. Guyalna chrysinothrix n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 3. Guyalna chrysinothrix n. sp.: A, Holotype male habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, holotype male operculum; E, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; F, holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–D, 2 mm; E–F, 1 mm.

FIGURE 4. Guyalna dyticamazona n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 4. Guyalna dyticamazona n. sp.: A, Holotype male habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; F, holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–D, 2 mm; E–F, 1 mm.

FIGURE 1. Fidicinoides ptychodiropeda n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 1. Fidicinoides ptychodiropeda n. sp.: A, Holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, paratype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–E, 2 mm; F–G, 1 mm; H–I, 1 mm.

FIGURE 2. Guyalna capnopteryx n in The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Peru including the description of twenty-four new species, three new synonymies, and thirty-seven new records

FIGURE 2. Guyalna capnopteryx n. sp.: A, Holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, paratype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 5 mm; C–E, 2 mm; F–G, 1 mm; H–I, 1 mm.

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

dryad32/100

Acoustic data in four species of macaques

We provide comparative data on vocal signals in adult females of four species of macaque : Tonkean macaques (Macaca tonkeana), crested macaques (M. nigra), Japanese macaques (M. fuscata), and rhesus macaques (M. mulatta). We distinguished three social contexts: agonistic, affiliative and neutral. The agonistic context included aggression (supplantation, lunge, chase, slap, grab, bite, facial threat display) and response to aggression (aggression, avoidance, flight, crouch, submissive facial displays). The affiliative context included affiliative behaviours (approach, sitting in contact, social grooming, social play, grasp, embrace, mount, affiliative facial display). In the neutral context, the caller was not involved in a social interaction. We drew spectrograms using the sofware Raven Pro v1.4' (Cornell Lab of Ornithology, <a href="http://www.birds.cornell.edu/raven">www.birds.cornell.edu/raven</a>) with a 256 fast Fourier transform length and a Hanning window. With the same software, we measured the following variables: Duration: duration from the beginning to the end of a call, in seconds; Q2 ratio: ratio between duration that divides a call into two intervals of equal energy and duration in percentage; Q1 frequency: value of the frequency that divides a call into two intervals containing 25% and 75% of the energy, in Herz; Q2 frequency: value of the frequency that divides a call into two intervals of equal energy, in Herz; Q3 frequency: value of the frequency that divides a call into two intervals containing 75% and 25% of the energy, in Herz; Wiener's aggregate entropy: degree of disorder (i.e. noisiness) of the call, which uses the total energy in a frequency bin over the entire call; Wiener's average entropy: mean of the mean entropies of the different time slices of a call. Our objective was to compare the four species on tonal and atonal calls, so we did not take into account the variables associated with fundamental frequencies since they are absent in atonal calls.

FIGURE 9 in First record of Synagelides Strand, 1906 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sri Lanka description of four endemic species from tropical wet forest of the island

FIGURE 9. Synagelides orlandoi sp. nov. A–B, male (A, dorsal view; B, ventral view). C–E left palp (C, prolateral view; D, ventral view; E, retrolateral view). Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm, C–E = 0.1 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2020View details →

A Publicly Available Virtual Cohort of Four-chamber Heart Meshes for Cardiac Electro-mechanics Simulations

Motivation:  Computational models of the heart are increasingly being used in the development of devices, patient diagnosis and therapy guidance. While software techniques have been developed for simulating single hearts, there remain significant challenges in simulating cohorts of virtual hearts from multiple patients. Dataset Description: We present the first database of four-chamber heart models suitable for electro-mechanical simulations. Our database consists of twenty-four four-chamber heart models generated from end-diastolic CT acquired from heart failure patients recruited for cardiac resynchronization therapy upgrade. We also provide a higher resolution version for each of the twenty-four meshes. We segmented end-diastolic CT. The segmentation was then upsampled and smoothed. The final multi-label segmentation was used to generate a tetrahedral mesh. The resulting meshes had an average edge length of 1.1mm. The elements of all the twenty-four meshes are labelled as follows: 1) Left ventricle myocardium 2) Right ventricle myocardium 3) Left atrium myocardium 4) Right atrium myocardium 5) Aorta wall 6) Pulmonary artery wall 7) Left atrium appendage ring 8) Left superior pulmonary vein ring 9) Left inferior pulmonary vein ring 10) Right inferior pulmonary vein ring 11) Right superior pulmonary vein ring 12) Superior vena cava ring 13) Inferior vena cava ring 14) Mitral valve plane 15) Tricuspid valve plane 16) Aortic valve plane 17) Pulmonary valve plane 18) Left atrial appendage valve plane 19) Left superior pulmonary vein valve plane 20) Left inferior pulmonary vein valve plane 21) Right inferior pulmonary vein valve plane 22) Right superior pulmonary vein valve plane 23) Superior vena cava valve plane 24) Inferior vena cava valve plane. Ventricular fibres were generated using a rule-based method, with a fibre orientation varying transmurally from endocardium to epicardium from 80˚ to -60˚, respectively.  We defined a system of universal ventricular coordinates on the meshes, see Figure 1B: an apico-basal coordinate varying continuously from 0 at the apex to 1 at the base; a transmural coordinate varying continuously from 0 at the endocardium to 1 at the epicardium; a rotational coordinate varying continuously from – π at the left ventricular free wall, 0 at the septum and then back to + π at the left ventricular free wall; intra-ventricular coordinate defined at -1 at the left ventricle and +1 at the right ventricle. This coordinate system was assigned to the ventricles in the four-chamber meshes and all the other labels were assigned with -100.   We also refined each mesh from 1.1mm resolution down to 0.39mm resolution. Each refined mesh has tags defined on its elements (same numbering as described above) and ventricular fibres. Database format: We provide a zipped folder for each mesh. Each folder contains the coarse and the finer versions of the same mesh. All twenty-four 1mm-meshes are supplied in case format, readable with paraview. All binary files containing the meshes data (ens and geo formats) are provided within the zipped folder. Points coordinates are given in mm. Element tags are assigned to the elements of the mesh as well as fibres and sheet directions. Fibres and sheet directions are assigned to the ventricles according to a rule-based method, while non-ventricular elements are assigned with default vectors [1; 0; 0] and [0; 1; 0]. UVCs are assigned to the nodes of the meshes. We also provide the location of the cardiac resynchronisation therapy right-ventricular electrode used to initiate ventricular excitation. This is given as a label on the nodes called electrode endo rv, which is 1 at the stimulated nodes. Finer meshes are provided in vtk format, also readable in paraview. For these meshes, we provide element tags, fibres and sheet directions on the ventricles, all in the same file.

FIGURE 4 in Four new species of Amynthas earthworms in southeastern Vietnam (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae)

FIGURE 4. Amynthas ocularius sp. nov. Holotype (CTU–EW.167.h01). A. Male region, ventral view. B. Left spermatheca. C. Spermathecal region, ventral view. D. Left intestinal caecum. E. Left prostate gland. F. Testis sacs and seminal vesicle. G. Spermathecae (comp. B). H. Male region (comp. A). I. Prostate gland (comp. E). J. Intestinal caecum (comp. D). K. Transverse section on genital markings (Paratype: CTU-EW.167.p03). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Four new species of Amynthas earthworms in southeastern Vietnam (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae)

FIGURE 1. Locations of the four new species. Triangle: Amynthas longiprostaticus sp. nov. Square: Amynthas dorsomorrioides sp. nov. Circle: Amynthas ocularius sp. nov. Star: Amynthas minhdam sp. nov.

FIGURES 7–14 in Taxonomic revision of the genus Chaethippus Duda, 1930 (Diptera: Chloropidae) with the description of four species

FIGURES 7–14. Chaethippus carioca sp.nov. paratypes. 7, habitus (scale bar 1 mm). 8, head in dorsal view. 9, head and thorax in profile (arrow indicates the fore coxa strong setae). 10, detail of the head in dorsal view. 11, tibial organ. 12, femoral organ. 13–14, male terminalia in terminal view (scale bar 0.1 mm). Abbreviations: bas, basiphallus; cer, cercus; dis, distiphallus; ep, epandrium; fr, frons; oc tr, ocellar triangle.

FIGURES 1–6. Chaethippus mellinus. 1 in Taxonomic revision of the genus Chaethippus Duda, 1930 (Diptera: Chloropidae) with the description of four species

FIGURES 1–6. Chaethippus mellinus. 1, habitus (scale bar 1 mm). 2, head in frontal view (arrow points to the strong seta on the fore coxa). 3, wing. 4, head and thorax in dorsal view. 5, epandrium in terminal view. 6, male terminalia in ventral view (scale bar 0.1 mm). Abbreviations: bas, basiphallus; cer, cercus; dis, distiphallus; ep, epandrium; gon, gonites; hyp, hypandrium; phal, phallapodeme; phal s, phallapodemic sclerite; st 6, remnant of the 6th sternite.

FIGURES 25–29 in Taxonomic revision of the genus Chaethippus Duda, 1930 (Diptera: Chloropidae) with the description of four species

FIGURES 25–29. Chaethippus notatus sp.nov. holotype. 25, habitus (scale bar 1 mm). 26, head and thorax in dorsal view. 27, femoral organ. 28, male terminalia terminal (scale bar 0.1 mm). 29, male terminalia ventral. Abbreviations: bas, basiphallus; cer, cercus; dis, distiphallus; ep, epandrium; gon, gonites; hyp, hypandrium; phal, phallapodeme; phal s, phallapodemic sclerite.

FIGURE 17 in Two new species of the whip-spider genus Heterophrynus (Arachnida: Amblypygi) with complementary information of four species

FIGURE 17. Heterophrynus origamii sp. nov. Female (MZUSP 68451): A. Carapace. B. Sternum. C. Dorsal opisthosoma. D. Chelicera, mesal view. E. Trochanter (Tr). F. Chelicera, ectal view.

FIGURE 16 in Two new species of the whip-spider genus Heterophrynus (Arachnida: Amblypygi) with complementary information of four species

FIGURE 16. Male genital: Heterophrynus awa sp. nov. (ICN-Am-108): A. ventral view. B. Detail of ornamentation of LoL 1 and LoL 2. C. Dorsal view. Fi = fistula; LaM = lamina medialis; LoD = lobus dorsalis; LoL 1= lobus lateralis primus; LoL 2 = lobus lateralis secundus; Pi = processus internus of gonopod. D. Female genital (ICN-Am-75), black arrow indicates the sclerotized area of the seminal receptacle.