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5,931 results for “laterality”
Predation shapes behavioral lateralization: insights from an adaptive radiation of livebearing fish
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Hemispheric brain lateralization can drive the expression of behavioral asymmetry, or laterality, which varies notably both within and among species. To explain these left–right behavioral asymmetries in animals, predator-mediated selection is often invoked. Recent studies have revealed that a relatively high degree of lateralization correlates positively with traits known to confer survival benefits against predators, including escape performance, multitasking abilities, and group coordination. Yet, we still know comparatively little about 1) how consistently predators shape behavioral lateralization, 2) the importance of sex-specific variation, and 3) the degree to which behavioral lateralization is heritable. Here, we take advantage of the model system of the radiation of Bahamas mosquitofish (<i>Gambusia hubbsi) </i>and measure behavioral lateralization in<i> </i>hundreds of wild fish<i> </i>originating from multiple blue holes that differ in natural predation pressure. Moreover, we estimated the heritability of this trait using laboratory-born fish from one focal population. We found that the degree of lateralization but not the particular direction of lateralization (left or right) differed significantly across high and low predation risk environments. Fish originating from high-predation environments were more strongly lateralized, especially females. We further confirmed a genetic basis to behavioral lateralization in this species, with significant additive genetic variation in the population examined. Our results reveal that predation risk represents one key ecological factor that has likely shaped the origin and maintenance of this widespread behavioral phenomenon, even potentially explaining some of the sex-specific patterns of laterality recently described in some animals. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
FIGURE 9. Cypella rivularis Chauveau & L.Eggers. A–C. Flower. A. apical view B. lateral view C. basal view D–F. Inner tepal D. adaxial view E. abaxial view F. lateral view G. Ovary H in Overlooked diversity in Brazilian Cypella (Iridaceae, Iridoideae): four new taxa from the Río de la Plata grasslands
FIGURE 9. Cypella rivularis Chauveau & L.Eggers. A–C. Flower. A. apical view B. lateral view C. basal view D–F. Inner tepal D. adaxial view E. abaxial view F. lateral view G. Ovary H. Stamens and style in lateral view I. Style crests and stigmatic replicatures. From L. Eggers et al. 869 (ICN!).
FIGURE 7. Cypella hauthalii subsp. minuticristata Chauveau & L.Eggers. A–C. Flower. A. apical view B. lateral view C. basal view D–F. Inner tepal D. adaxial view E. abaxial view F. lateral view G. Ovary H in Overlooked diversity in Brazilian Cypella (Iridaceae, Iridoideae): four new taxa from the Río de la Plata grasslands
FIGURE 7. Cypella hauthalii subsp. minuticristata Chauveau & L.Eggers. A–C. Flower. A. apical view B. lateral view C. basal view D–F. Inner tepal D. adaxial view E. abaxial view F. lateral view G. Ovary H. Stamens and style in lateral view I. Style crests and stigmatic replicatures. From L. Eggers & O. Chauveau 728 (ICN!).
FIGURE 4. Cypella amplimaculata Chauveau & L.Eggers. A–C. Flower. A. apical view B. lateral view C. basal view D–F. Inner tepal D. adaxial view E. abaxial view F. lateral view G. Ovary H in Overlooked diversity in Brazilian Cypella (Iridaceae, Iridoideae): four new taxa from the Río de la Plata grasslands
FIGURE 4. Cypella amplimaculata Chauveau & L.Eggers. A–C. Flower. A. apical view B. lateral view C. basal view D–F. Inner tepal D. adaxial view E. abaxial view F. lateral view G. Ovary H. Stamens and style in lateral view I. Style crests and stigmatic replicatures. From A.M. Aita 49 (ICN!).
FIGURE 2. Thorax, lateral view. Females. A in New records of the predaceous midge genus Palpomyia from Mexico, with a new species in the Palpomyia distincta group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
FIGURE 2. Thorax, lateral view. Females. A. Palpomyia aspina; B. P. auakua sp. nov. Scale bars= 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 3. Legs, lateral view. A−C in New records of the predaceous midge genus Palpomyia from Mexico, with a new species in the Palpomyia distincta group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
FIGURE 3. Legs, lateral view. A−C. Palpomyia subaspera, male; D−F. P. auakua sp. nov., female. A, D= fore legs; B, E= mid legs; C, F= hind legs. Scale bars= 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 8. Dixella shannoni. A. Thorax, lateral view. B in A new species of Dixella, the first Mexican record of Dixella shannoni, and a summary of dixid records from Mexico (Diptera: Dixidae)
FIGURE 8. Dixella shannoni. A. Thorax, lateral view. B. Male genitalia, ventral view. Scale: A= 0.5 mm, B= 0.1 mm.
text-fig. 37. Left manus of an undetermined ornithomimosaur (probably Ornithomimus edmontonicus', TMP 93.104.1), illustrating states for several manual characters; metacarpals in dorsal view, phalanges in lateral view. Scale bar represents 50 mm. in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 37. Left manus of an undetermined ornithomimosaur (probably Ornithomimus edmontonicus', TMP 93.104.1), illustrating states for several manual characters; metacarpals in dorsal view, phalanges in lateral view. Scale bar represents 50 mm.
FIGURE 1. Cosmocercella diaglenae A. Male anterior region. B. Caudal male region. C. Female lateral view. D in A new species of Cosmocercella parasite of Diaglena spatulata and Triprion petasatus (Anura: Hylidae) from Mexico, based on new morphological information for the genus
FIGURE 1. Cosmocercella diaglenae A. Male anterior region. B. Caudal male region. C. Female lateral view. D. Reproductive female system showing vulva, vagina and eggs. E. Female tail.
FIGURES 56–66. Hormius minialatus Tobias, female. 56. Head, front view. 57. Head, dorsal view. 58. Head, lateral view. 59 in Review of the brachypterous, micropterous, and apterous Braconidae of the cyclostome lineage (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from the Palearctic Region 3240
FIGURES 56–66. Hormius minialatus Tobias, female. 56. Head, front view. 57. Head, dorsal view. 58. Head, lateral view. 59. Basal and apical segments of antenna, lateral view. 60. Mesosoma and wings, dorsal view. 61. Mesosoma and wings, lateral view. 62. Hind wing. 63. Fore wing. 64. Hind femur, lateral view. 65. Apex of metasoma and ovipositor, lateral view. 66. Metasoma, dorsal view.
FIGURES 195–202. Curtonotum punctithorax Fischer. 195. Male terminalia, left lateral. 196. Distiphallus, dorsal. 197. Male terminalia, posterior. 198. Female sternite 8, ventral. 199. Female sternite 10, ventral. 200. Spermatheca. 201. Ventral receptacle. 202 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 195–202. Curtonotum punctithorax Fischer. 195. Male terminalia, left lateral. 196. Distiphallus, dorsal. 197. Male terminalia, posterior. 198. Female sternite 8, ventral. 199. Female sternite 10, ventral. 200. Spermatheca. 201. Ventral receptacle. 202. Ovipositor, left lateral.
FIGURES 138–142. Curtonotum tumidum Enderlein. 138. Male terminalia, left lateral. 139. Male terminalia, posterior. 140. Distiphallus, dorsal. 141. Male sternite 5, ventral. 142 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 138–142. Curtonotum tumidum Enderlein. 138. Male terminalia, left lateral. 139. Male terminalia, posterior. 140. Distiphallus, dorsal. 141. Male sternite 5, ventral. 142. Fore femur, anterior.
FIGURES 131–137. Curtonotum taeniatum Hendel. 131. Male terminalia, left lateral. 132. Male terminalia, posterior. 133. Distiphallus, dorsal. 134. Female sternite 8, ventral. 135. Female sternite 10, ventral. 136. Ventral receptacle. 137 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 131–137. Curtonotum taeniatum Hendel. 131. Male terminalia, left lateral. 132. Male terminalia, posterior. 133. Distiphallus, dorsal. 134. Female sternite 8, ventral. 135. Female sternite 10, ventral. 136. Ventral receptacle. 137. Spermatheca.
FIGURES 73–76. Curtonotum apicale Hendel. 73. Scutellum, dorsal. 74. Male terminalia, left lateral. 75. Male terminalia, posterior. 76 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 73–76. Curtonotum apicale Hendel. 73. Scutellum, dorsal. 74. Male terminalia, left lateral. 75. Male terminalia, posterior. 76. Distiphallus, dorsal.
FIGURES 58–61. Curtonotum magnum Malloch. 58. Male terminalia, left lateral. 59. Distiphallus, dorsal. 60. Male terminalia, posterior. 61 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 58–61. Curtonotum magnum Malloch. 58. Male terminalia, left lateral. 59. Distiphallus, dorsal. 60. Male terminalia, posterior. 61. Head, anterior.
FIGURES 51–57. Curtonotum bathmedum Hendel. 51. Male terminalia, left lateral. 52. Male terminalia, posterior. 53. Distiphallus, dorsal. 54. Female sternite 8, ventral. 55. Female sternite 10, ventral. 56. Spermatheca. 57 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 51–57. Curtonotum bathmedum Hendel. 51. Male terminalia, left lateral. 52. Male terminalia, posterior. 53. Distiphallus, dorsal. 54. Female sternite 8, ventral. 55. Female sternite 10, ventral. 56. Spermatheca. 57. Ventral receptacle.
FIGURES 90–93. Curtonotum impunctatum Hendel. 90. Male terminalia, left lateral. 91. Distiphallus, dorsal. 92. Male sternite 5, ventral. 93 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 90–93. Curtonotum impunctatum Hendel. 90. Male terminalia, left lateral. 91. Distiphallus, dorsal. 92. Male sternite 5, ventral. 93. Male terminalia, posterior.
FIGURES 82–89. Curtonotum trypetipenne Hendel. 82. Male terminalia, left lateral. 83. Distiphallus, dorsal. 84. Male terminalia, posterior. 85. Ovipositor, dorsal. 86. Ventral receptacle. 87. Female sternite 8, ventral. 88. Female sternite 10, ventral. 89 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 82–89. Curtonotum trypetipenne Hendel. 82. Male terminalia, left lateral. 83. Distiphallus, dorsal. 84. Male terminalia, posterior. 85. Ovipositor, dorsal. 86. Ventral receptacle. 87. Female sternite 8, ventral. 88. Female sternite 10, ventral. 89. Spermatheca.
FIGURES 94–98. Curtonotum impunctatum Hendel. 94. Ovipositor, left lateral. 95. Female sternite 8, ventral. 96. Female sternite 10, ventral. 97. Ventral receptacle. 98 in Systematics of New World Curtonotum Macquart (Diptera: Curtonotidae) 3079
FIGURES 94–98. Curtonotum impunctatum Hendel. 94. Ovipositor, left lateral. 95. Female sternite 8, ventral. 96. Female sternite 10, ventral. 97. Ventral receptacle. 98. Spermatheca.
FIGURES 292–301. Pinodytes capizzii. 292. Male right antenna, dorsal. 293. Male right protibia and protarsus. 294. Male right mesotibia. 295. Male right metafemur and metatibia. 296. Aedeagus, lateral. 297. Aedeagus, dorsal. 298 in Systematics, distributions and bionomics of the Catopocerini (eyeless soil fungivore beetles) of North America (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Catopocerinae) 3077
FIGURES 292–301. Pinodytes capizzii. 292. Male right antenna, dorsal. 293. Male right protibia and protarsus. 294. Male right mesotibia. 295. Male right metafemur and metatibia. 296. Aedeagus, lateral. 297. Aedeagus, dorsal. 298. Variation in apex of aedeagus, dorsal (Lane Co., Oregon). 299. Variation in apex of aedeagus, dorsal (Columbia Co., Oregon). 300. Spermatheca. 301. Mesoventrite, lateral. Scale bar = 0.1 mm (Fig. 300), 0.3 mm (Figs. 292–299, 301).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.