Find research datasets worth reusing

MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Coarse Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 5km

MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Coarse Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 5km (MOD29L2C) data set contains fields for sea ice by reflectance, sea ice by reflectance pixel Quality Assessment (QA), Ice Surface Temperature (IST), IST pixel QA, latitudes, and longitudes in Hierarchical Data Format-Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS) format, along with corresponding metadata. Latitude and longitude geolocation fields are at 5 km resolution, while all other fields are at 1 km resolution. The sea ice algorithm uses a Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) modified for sea ice to distinguish sea ice from open ocean based on reflective and thermal characteristics. Data are stored in HDF-EOS format, and are available from 24 February 2000 to present via FTP. Data can also be obtained in GeoTIFF format by ordering the data through the Data Pool.

Ground-Based GNSS-based Upper Atmospheric Realtime Disaster Information and Alert Network (GUARDIAN) GPS daily accumulated real-time Precise Orbit Determination (POD) Clock Corrections (60-second sampling, 24-hour files) from NASA CDDIS

This product contains a time series of clock biases for healthy satellites in the GPS constellation that are accumulated every minute throughout the day. In addition, formal 1-sigma uncertainties for the corrections are provided. The product is generated at JPL's Global Differential GPS Operations Centers in real-time. The data in this product can be concatenated with other daily products to provide larger coverage in time.

Ground-Based GNSS-based Upper Atmospheric Realtime Disaster Information and Alert Network (GUARDIAN) GPS daily accumulated real-time Precise Orbit Determination (POD) Attitude Quaternions (30-second sampling, 24-hour files) from NASA CDDIS

This product contains a time series of attitude quaternion components for healthy satellites in the GPS constellation that are accumulated every minute throughout the day. The product is generated at JPL's Global Differential GPS Operations Centers in real-time. The data in this product can be concatenated with other daily products to provide larger coverage in time.

MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid V006

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid product (MOD09GQK) provides MODIS bands 1 and 2, daily surface reflectance at 250 m resolution. The product is an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance for each band as it would have been measured at ground level if there were no atmospheric scattering or absorption. The quality information for this product is provided at three different levels of detail: for individual pixels for each band and each resolution and for the whole file.

Ground-Based GNSS-based Upper Atmospheric Realtime Disaster Information and Alert Network (GUARDIAN) Galileo daily accumulated real-time Precise Orbit Determination (POD) Clock Corrections (1-second sampling, 24-hour files) from NASA CDDIS

This product contains a time series of clock biases for healthy satellites in the Galileo constellation that are accumulated every minute throughout the day. In addition, formal 1-sigma uncertainties for the corrections are provided. The product is generated at JPL's Global Differential GPS Operations Centers in real-time. The data in this product can be concatenated with other daily products to provide larger coverage in time.

MODIS/Aqua Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 500m SIN Grid

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 500m SIN Grid product, MYD09GHK, is a seven-band product computed from the MODIS Level 1B land Bands 1-7. The product is an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance for each band as it would have been measured at ground level if there were no atmospheric scattering or absorption. The correction scheme includes corrections for the effect of atmospheric gases, aerosols, and thin cirrus clouds; it is applied to all Level 1B pixels that pass the Level 1B quality control. The correction uses Band 26 to detect cirrus clouds, the approach used in MYD04 and MYD05 for water vapor, aerosol correction, and NCEP for ozone; the best available climatology data are used if the MODIS water vapor, aerosol, or ozone products are unavailable.The Level 2G surface reflectance product is the input for the generation of several land products: 8-day Surface Reflectance, Vegetation Indices (VIs), Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), thermal anomaly, snow/ice, and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation/Leaf Area Index (FPAR/LAI).

Ground-Based GNSS-based Upper Atmospheric Realtime Disaster Information and Alert Network (GUARDIAN) GLONASS daily accumulated real-time Precise Orbit Determination (POD) Clock Corrections (1-second sampling, 24-hour files) from NASA CDDIS

This product contains a high-rate time series of clock biases for healthy satellites in the GLONASS constellation that are accumulated every minute throughout the day. In addition, formal 1-sigma uncertainties for the corrections are provided. The product is generated at JPL's Global Differential GPS Operations Centers in real-time. The data in this product can be concatenated with other daily products to provide larger coverage in time.

MODIS/Aqua Near Real Time (NRT) Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 1km

MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 1km, MYD29, data set contains fields for sea ice by reflectance, sea ice by reflectance pixel Quality Assessment (QA), Ice Surface Temperature (IST), IST pixel QA, latitudes and longitudes in Hierarchical Data Format Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS) format along with corresponding metadata. Latitude and longitude geolocation fields are at 5km resolution while all other fields are at 1km resolution. The sea ice algorithm uses a Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) modified for sea ice to distinguish sea ice from open ocean based on reflective and thermal characteristics.

restrictednotspecifiedMar 2025View details →

AIRS/Aqua L2 Near Real Time (NRT) Cloud-Cleared Infrared Radiances (AIRS-only) V006 (AIRS2CCF_NRT) at GES DISC

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) Level 2 Near Real Time (NRT) Cloud-Cleared Infrared Radiances (AIRS-only) product (AIRS2CCF_NRT_006) differs from the routine product (AIRS2CCF_006) in four ways to meet the three hour latency requirements of the Land Atmosphere NRT Capability Earth Observing System (LANCE): (1) The NRT granules are produced without previous or subsequent granules if those granules are not available within 5 minutes, (2) the predictive ephemeris/attitude data are used rather than the definitive ephemeris/attitude, (3) if the forecast surface pressure is unavailable, a surface climatology is used, and (4) no ice cloud properties retrievals are performed. The consequences of these differences are described in the AIRS Near Real Time (NRT) data products document. The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is a grating spectrometer (R = 1200) aboard the second Earth Observing System (EOS) polar-orbiting platform, EOS Aqua. In combination with the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) and the Humidity Sounder for Brazil (HSB), AIRS constitutes an innovative atmospheric sounding group of visible, infrared, and microwave sensors. This product is produced using AIRS IR only because the radiometric noise in AMSU channel 4 started to increase significantly (since June 2007). Cloud-Cleared Radiances contain calibrated, geolocated channel-by-channel AIRS infrared radiances (milliWatts/m2/cm-1/steradian) that would have been observed within each AMSU footprint if there were no clouds in the FOV and produced along with the AIRS Standard Product, as they are the radiances used to retrieve the Standard Product. Nevertheless, they are an order of magnitude larger in data volume than the remainder of the Standard Products and, many Standard Product users are expected to have little interest in the Cloud Cleared Radiance. For these reasons they are a separate output file. The AIRS2CCF_NRT_006 products are stored in files (often referred to as "granules") that contain 6 minutes of data, 30 footprints across track by 45 lines along track.

restrictednotspecifiedMar 2025View details →

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near-Real-Time (NRT) Total Ozone Column 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L2__O3_TOT_HiR_NRT) at GES DISC

The Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near Real Time (NRT) Total Ozone Column 1-Orbit L2 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L2__O3_TOT_HiR_NRT) at GES DISC is the near real time version of the offline S5P_L2__O3_TOT_HiR data product. These data are typically available within three hours of measurement as required by the Land Atmosphere NRT Capability Earth Observing System (LANCE). These data are intended for a rapid turnaround assessment and are only archived for up to ten days. Users who require a longer data record, or wish to conduct rigorous analysis should use the offline version of this product S5P_L2__O3_TOT_HiR. The Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (Sentinel-5P or S5P) satellite mission is one of the European Space Agency's (ESA) new mission family - Sentinels, and it is a joint initiative between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the ESA. The sole payload on Sentinel-5P is the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), which is a nadir-viewing 108 degree Field-of-View push-broom grating hyperspectral spectrometer, covering the wavelength of ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS, 270nm to 495nm), near infrared (NIR, 675nm to 775nm), and shortwave infrared (SWIR, 2305nm-2385nm). Sentinel-5P is the first of the Atmospheric Composition Sentinels and is expected to provide measurements of ozone, NO2, SO2, CH4, CO, formaldehyde, aerosols and cloud at high spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions. This total column ozone product (S5P_L2__O3_TOT, aka ESA's S5P_L2__O3____) applies the the Direct-fitting algorithm (S5P_TO3_GODFIT), comprising a non-linear least squares inversion by comparing the simulated and measured backscattered radiances. The main products include total vertical column ozone, ozone effective temperature, and the error information in NetCDF-4 format. Data are stored in individual files, or granules, that contain one orbit of information. The data are stored in netCDF4 data format and files and complete files are ~40 MB.

restrictednotspecifiedApr 2025View details →

MLS/Aura Near-Real-Time L2 Ozone (O3) Mixing Ratio V005 (ML2O3_NRT) at GES DISC

ML2O3_NRT is the EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Near-Real-Time (NRT) product for ozone (O3). This product contains O3 profiles derived from the 240 GHz region. The NRT data are typically available within 3 hours of observation and are broken into files containing about 15 minutes of data. The most recent 7 days of data are available online. Spatial coverage is near-global (-82 degrees to +82 degrees latitude), with each profile spaced 1.5 degrees or ~165 km along the orbit track (roughly 15 orbits per day). The vertical coverage is from 261 to 0.1 hPa. The MLS NRT algorithm uses a simplified fast forward model to meet Near Real Time data latency requirements and are therefore not as accurate as the retrievals that constitute the standard MLS products. Nevertheless the results are scientifically useful in selected regions of the Earth's atmosphere provided that the data are screened according to the recommendations in the MLS NRT User Guide and the MLS L2 Data Quality Document for Standard Products.

restrictednotspecifiedApr 2025View details →

CYGNSS Level 3 MRG Science Data Record Near Real Time Version 3.2

This dataset contains the version 3.2 CYGNSS Level 3 Merged (MRG) Science Data Record Near Real Time (NRT) Storm Wind Speed derived from the Delay Doppler Mapping Instrument aboard the CYGNSS satellite constellation. It combines CYGNSS storm-centric gridded (SCG) wind speeds, which are derived from the L2 Young Seas Limited Fetch (YSLF) winds for a region surrounding a given tropical cyclone (TC), with L2 Fully Developed Seas (FDS) winds away from the TC center on a 0.2x0.2 degree latitude by longitude equirectangular grid.<br><br>L3 MRG is a product which combines the L2 FDS and YSLF winds and eliminates the need to choose between them depending on sea state development and the proximity to storms. The data are provided in netCDF-4 format and starts from the June 11, 2024 through the present with an approximate latency between 2 and 24 hours . A tapered weighted averaging scheme is used centered on the 34-knot wind radius (R34) of the storm. The R34 value in each storm quadrant is also reported. The algorithm produces global (+/- 40 deg latitude) wind speeds reported on a 0.1x0.1 deg grid every 6 hours for each tropical cyclone, although some 6-hourly increments may be missing if there are an insufficient number of satellite overpasses of the storm during that time interval. The netCDF files are output on a storm-by-storm basis.<br><br>The CYGNSS is a NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder Mission that is intended to collect the first frequent space‐based measurements of surface wind speeds in the inner core of tropical cyclones. Made up of a constellation of eight micro-satellites, the observatories provide nearly gap-free Earth coverage using an orbital inclination of approximately 35° from the equator, with a mean (i.e., average) revisit time of seven hours and a median revisit time of three hours. This inclination allows CYGNSS to measure ocean surface winds between approximately 38° N and 38° S latitude. This range includes the critical latitude band for tropical cyclone formation and movement

restrictednotspecifiedMar 2025View details →

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near-Real-Time (NRT) Radiance product band 3 (UVIS detector) L1B 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L1B_RA_BD3_HiR_NRT) at GES DISC

The Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near Real Time (NRT) Radiance product band 3 (UVIS detector) L1B 5.5km x 21km V2 (S5P_L1B_RA_BD3_HiR_NRT_NRT) product at GES DISC is the near real time version of the offline S5P_L1B_RA_BD3_HiR data product. These data are typically available within three hours of measurement as required by the Land Atmosphere NRT Capability Earth Observing System (LANCE). These data are intended for a rapid turnaround assessment and are only archived for up to ten days. Users who require a longer data record, or wish to conduct rigorous analysis should use the offline version of this product S5P_L1B_RA_BD3_HiR. The Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (Sentinel-5P or S5P) satellite mission is one of the European Space Agency's (ESA) new mission family - Sentinels, and it is a joint initiative between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the ESA. The sole payload on Sentinel-5P is the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), which is a nadir-viewing 108 degree Field-of-View push-broom grating hyperspectral spectrometer, covering the wavelength of ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS, 270nm to 495nm), near infrared (NIR, 675nm to 775nm), and shortwave infrared (SWIR, 2305nm-2385nm). TROPOMI Level-1B (L1B) product is generated by the Koninklijk Nederlands Meteoroligisch Instituut (KNMI) TROPOMI L01B processor from Level-0 input data and auxiliary data products with the netCDF-4 enhanced model. It provides users with radiance, irradiance, calibration and engineering products. Data are stored in individual files, or granules, that contain one orbit of information. The data are stored in netCDF4 data format and files and complete files are ~0.650 GB.

restrictednotspecifiedApr 2025View details →

Near-Real-Time NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration, Version 3

This data set provides a near-real-time Climate Data Record (CDR) of sea ice concentration from passive microwave data. The Near-real-time NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration (NRT CDR) data set is the near-real-time version of the final NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration (G02202). The NRT CDR is designed to fill the temporal gap between updates of the final CDR, occurring every three to six months, and to provide the most recent data.

MODIS/Aqua Near Real Time (NRT) Calibrated Radiances 5-Min L1B Swath 250m

The 250 meter MODIS Level 1B Near Real Time (NRT) data set contains calibrated and geolocated at-aperture radiances for 2 discrete bands located in the 0.62 to 0.88 micron region of the electromagnetic spectrum. These data are generated from the MODIS Level 1A scans of raw radiance and in the process converted to geophysical units of W / (m^2 um sr). In addition, the Earth Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) may be determined for these solar reflective bands through knowledge of the solar irradiance (e.g., determined from MODIS solar diffuser data, and from the target illumination geometry). Additional data are provided including quality flags, error estimates and calibration data. Channel locations for the MODIS 250 meter data are as follows: Band Center Wavelength (um) Primary Use ---- ---------------------- ----------- 1 0.620 - 0.670 Land/Cloud Boundaries 2 0.841 - 0.876 Land/Cloud Boundaries Separate L1B products are available for the five 500 m resolution channels (MYD02HKM) and the twenty-nine 1 km resolution channels (MYD021KM). For the 500 m product, there are actually seven channels available since the data from the two 250 m channels have been aggregated to 500 m resolution. Similarly, for the 1 km product, all 36 MODIS channels are available since the data from the two 250 m and five 500 m channels have been aggregated into equivalent 1 km pixel values. Spatial resolution for pixels at nadir is 250 m, degrading to 1.2 km in the along-scan direction and 0.5 km in the along-track direction for pixels located at the scan extremes. A 55 degree scanning pattern at the EOS orbit of 705 km results in a 2330 km orbital swath width and provides global coverage every one to two days. A single MODIS Level 1B 250 m granule will contain a scene built from 203 scans sampled 5416 times in the cross-track direction, corresponding to approximately 5 minutes worth of data; thus 288 granules will be produced per day. Since an individual MODIS scan will contain 40 along-track spatial elements for the 250 m channels, the scene will be composed of (5416 x 8120) pixels, resulting in a spatial coverage of (2330 km x 2040 km). Due to the MODIS scan geometry, there will be increasing scan overlap beyond about 17 degrees scan angle. To summarize, the MODIS L1B 250 m data product consists of: 1. Calibrated radiances and uncertainties for (2) 250 m reflected solar bands 2. Subsampled geolocation at every 4th 250 m pixel across and along track, i.e., a geolocation point every kilometer 3. Satellite and solar angles subsampled at the above frequency 4. Calibration data for all channels (scale and offset) 5. Comprehensive set of file-level metadata summarizing the spatial, temporal and parameter attributes of the data, as well as auxiliary information pertaining to instrument status and data quality characterization The MODIS L1B 250 m data are stored in the Earth Observing System Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS) which is an extension of HDF as developed by the National Center for Supercomputer Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois. A typical file size will be approximately 170 MB. Environmental information derived from MODIS L1B measurements will offer a comprehensive and unprecedented look at terrestrial, atmospheric, and ocean phenomenology for a wide and diverse community of users throughout the world. The Shortname for this product is MYD02QKM

MODIS/Aqua Near Real Time (NRT) Thermal Anomalies/Fire 5-Min L2 Swath 1km

MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Thermal Anomalies/Fire products are primarily derived from MODIS 4- and 11-micrometer radiances. The fire detection strategy is based on absolute detection of a fire (when the fire strength is sufficient to detect), and on detection relative to its background (to account for variability of the surface temperature and reflection by sunlight). Numerous tests are employed to reject typical false alarm sources like sun glint or an unmasked coastline.MYD14 is level-2 swath data provided daily at 1-kilometer resolution. The Science Data Sets in this product include fire-mask, algorithm quality, radiative power, and numerous layers describing fire pixel attributes.The Aqua MODIS instrument acquires data twice daily (1:30 PM and AM), as does the Terra MODIS (10:30 AM and PM). These four daily MODIS fire observations serve to advance global monitoring of the fire process and its effects on ecosystems, the atmosphere, and climate.

MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) L2G Daytime Pointers, Daily 250m

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Global Observation Pointers (MODPTQKM) files stores information about the spatial relationship between each sensor observation and output grid cell.MODPTQKM files are used as input to higher-level products such as MODIS Surface Reflectance. Geometric information for each sensor observation is stored on a geolocated grid with Level-2 geophysical parameters stored as Level-2G gridded products. The multiple observations stored in the L2G grids are examined by the Level-3 processes to extract only the most relevant observations per grid cell.

Ground-Based GNSS-based Upper Atmospheric Realtime Disaster Information and Alert Network (GUARDIAN) Galileo daily accumulated real-time Precise Orbit Determination (POD) Attitude Quaternions (30-second sampling, 24-hour files) from NASA CDDIS

This product contains a time series of attitude quaternion components for healthy satellites in the Galileo constellation that are accumulated every minute throughout the day. The product is generated at JPL's Global Differential GPS Operations Centers in real-time. The data in this product can be concatenated with other daily products to provide larger coverage in time.

MODIS/Aqua Near Real Time (NRT) Geolocation Angles Daily L2G Global 1km SIN Grid Day

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Global Geolocation Angle (MODMGGAD) files contain information on solar illumination and instrument viewing geometry angles. These data can be used to model the geometric relationship and distance between the area of the Earth's surface imaged, the sun, and the sensor. This is often required to perform atmospheric corrections, or to convert or calibrate spectral data to known (absolute) radiance or reflectance units.MYDMGGAD files are used as input to higher-level products such as MODIS Surface Reflectance (MYD09). Geometric information for each sensor observation is stored on a geolocated grid with Level-2 geophysical parameters stored as Level-2G (gridded) products. The multiple observations stored in the L2G grids are examined by the Level-3 processes to extract only the most relevant observations per grid cell.

MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 500m SIN Grid

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 500m SIN Grid product, MOD09GHK, is a seven-band product computed from the MODIS Level 1B land Bands 1-7. The product is an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance for each band as it would have been measured at ground level if there were no atmospheric scattering or absorption. The correction scheme includes corrections for the effect of atmospheric gases, aerosols, and thin cirrus clouds; it is applied to all Level 1B pixels that pass the Level 1B quality control. The correction uses Band 26 to detect cirrus clouds, the approach used in MOD04 and MOD05 for water vapor, aerosol correction, and NCEP for ozone; the best available climatology data are used if the MODIS water vapor, aerosol, or ozone products are unavailable.The Level 2G surface reflectance product is the input for the generation of several land products: 8-day Surface Reflectance, Vegetation Indices (VIs), Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), thermal anomaly, snow/ice, and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation/Leaf Area Index (FPAR/LAI).