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5,666 results for “Social”
Transcriptomic signatures of ageing vary in solitary and social forms of an orchid bee
<p>Eusocial insect queens are remarkable in their ability to maximise both fecundity and longevity, thus escaping the typical trade-off between these two traits. Several mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the remoulding of the trade-off, such as reshaping of the juvenile hormone pathway, or caste-specific susceptibility to oxidative stress. However, it remains a challenge to disentangle the molecular mechanisms underlying the remoulding of the trade-off in eusocial insects from caste-specific physiological attributes that have subsequently arisen. The socially polymorphic orchid bee <i>Euglossa viridissima</i> represents an excellent model to address the role of sociality <i>per se</i> in longevity as it allows direct comparisons of solitary and social individuals within a common genetic background. We investigated gene expression and juvenile hormone levels in young and old bees from both solitary and social nests. We found 902 genes to be differentially expressed with age in solitary females, including those involved in oxidative stress, <i>versus </i>only 100 genes in social dominant females, and 13 genes in subordinate females. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis further highlights pathways related to ageing in this species, including the target of rapamycin pathway. Eleven genes involved in translation, apoptosis and DNA repair show concurrent age-related expression changes in solitary but not in social females, representing potential differences based on social status. Juvenile hormone titres did not vary with age or social status. Our results represent an important step in understanding the proximate mechanisms underlying the remodelling of the fecundity/longevity trade-off that accompanies the evolutionary transition from solitary life to eusociality.</p>
Database methods for the evaluation of social learning (2017-2021)
<p>Database SLR methods</p>
Early‐life seasonal, weather and social effects on telomere length in a wild mammal
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Early-life environmental conditions can provide a source of individual variation in life-history strategies and senescence patterns. <a name="_Hlk65916590">Conditions experienced in early life can be quantified by measuring telomere length, which can act as a biomarker of survival probability in some species. </a>Here, we investigate whether seasonal changes, weather conditions, and group size are associated with early-life and/or early-adulthood telomere length in a wild population of European badgers (<i>Meles meles</i>). <a name="_Hlk68254810">We found substantial intra-annual changes in telomere length during the first three years of life (both between and within individuals), with shorter telomere lengths in the winter following the first spring and a trend for longer telomere lengths in the second spring compared to the first winter.</a> <a name="_Hlk65917227">In terms of weather conditions, cubs born in warmer, wetter springs with low rainfall variability had longer early-life (3–12 months old) telomere lengths</a>. Additionally, cubs born in groups with more cubs had marginally longer early-life telomeres, providing no evidence of resource constraint from cub competition. We also found that our previously documented positive association between early-life telomere length and cub survival probability remained when social and weather variables were included. Finally, after sexual maturity, in early adulthood (i.e. 12–36 months) we found no significant association between same-sex adult group size and telomere length (i.e. no effect of intra-sexual competition). Overall, we show that controlling for seasonal effects, which are linked to food availability and foraging success, is important in telomere length analyses, and that variation in telomere length in badgers reflects early-life conditions and also predicts first year cub survival.</p>
Figure 5 in The social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) of a fragment of Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, Brazil
Figure 5. Number of wasps collected at different times of the day in the three fragments.
Figure 1 in The social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) of a fragment of Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, Brazil
Figure 1. Location of the Michelin Ecological Reserve (MER).
Figure 3 in The social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) of a fragment of Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, Brazil
Figure 3. Dendrogram of similarity among wasp surveys carried out in the Atlantic Forest.
Figure 2 in The social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) of a fragment of Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, Brazil
Figure 2. Location of the transects carried out in the Atlantic Forest.
Figure 6 from: Starr CK, Jacobson RS, Krispyn JW, Spiers JA (2021) Caste and wing loading in a social wasp (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Dolichovespula maculata). In: Proshchalykin MYu, Gokhman VE (Eds) Hymenoptera studies through space and time: A collection of papers dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Arkady S. Lelej. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 84: 381-390. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.68800
Figure 6 Hind-tibia length as a function of A dry weight and B mesoscutum length in Dolichovespula maculata females.
Figure 5 from: Starr CK, Jacobson RS, Krispyn JW, Spiers JA (2021) Caste and wing loading in a social wasp (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Dolichovespula maculata). In: Proshchalykin MYu, Gokhman VE (Eds) Hymenoptera studies through space and time: A collection of papers dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Arkady S. Lelej. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 84: 381-390. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.68800
Figure 5 Forewing length as a function of A dry weight and B mesoscutum length in Dolichovespula maculata females.
Figure 3 from: Starr CK, Jacobson RS, Krispyn JW, Spiers JA (2021) Caste and wing loading in a social wasp (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Dolichovespula maculata). In: Proshchalykin MYu, Gokhman VE (Eds) Hymenoptera studies through space and time: A collection of papers dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Arkady S. Lelej. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 84: 381-390. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.68800
Figure 3 Linear measures of limbs in Dolichovespula maculataa forewing length from base of the costal vein to tip of the wing b length of first discal cell c maximum forewing width d length of fore-tibia.
FIGURES 7 in A phylogenetic analysis of the social wasp genus Brachygastra Perty, 1833, and description of a new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Epiponini)
FIGURES 7. (A) B. azteca and (B) B. scutellaris, pronotum in lateral view; (C) B. myersi and (D) B. scutellaris, scutum in dorsal view; (E) B. moulae and (F) B. buyssoni, pronotum in lateral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 10 in A phylogenetic analysis of the social wasp genus Brachygastra Perty, 1833, and description of a new species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Epiponini)
FIGURE 10. (A) B. baccalaurea, scutum in dorsolateral view; (B) B. baccalaurea, scutum in dorsal view; C) B. baccalaurea, metasomal tergum II in dorsal view; (D) B. buyssoni, metasomal tergum II in dorsal view; (E) B. smithii, propodeum in lateral view; (F) B. buyssoni, scutum in dorsal view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
Opinion of ethics committee representatives on the use of social networks and new technologies in clinical trials. Nominal group
<p>Nominal group database to find out the opinion of ethics committee representatives on the use of social networks and new technologies in clinical trials.</p>
Reproduction data and code for "The social cost of carbon dioxide under climate-economy feedbacks and temperature variability"
<p>### Data for Kikstra et al. 2021, ERL, The social cost of carbon dioxide under climate-economy feedbacks and temperature variability</p> <p>This repository contains data and scripts for the main text figures in the article Kikstra, J.S., Waidelich, P., Rising J., Yumashev, D., Hope, C., Brierley, C.M. (2021) The social cost of carbon dioxide under climate-economy feedbacks and temperature variability, Environmental Research Letters. DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1d0b">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1d0b</a></p> <p>##### Authors<br> - Jarmo S. Kikstra<br> - Paul Waidelich<br> - James Rising<br> - Dmitry Yumashev<br> - Chris Hope<br> - Chris M. Brierly</p> <p>Correspondence: kikstra@iiasa.ac.at</p> <p>##### Data repository structure<br> - data # hosts all data that is used to produce the main text figures<br> - growth-effects # hosts model data for results from model runs with persistent damages, for figure 3 and figure 4<br> - PAGE-ANN-Growth_ModelResults_PersistenceDistribution # annual PAGE version, empirical persistence distribution<br> - PAGE-arVAR-Growth_ModelResults_PersistenceDistribution # annual PAGE version with temperature variability, empirical persistence distribution<br> - PAGE-Growth_ModelResults_FixedPersistence # main version, with 10 time steps, fixed persistence levels<br> - PAGE-Growth_ModelResults_LowPassFilterPersistenceDistribution # main version, with 10 time steps, low pass filter persistence distribution<br> - PAGE-Growth_ModelResults_PersistenceDistribution # main version, with 10 time steps, empirical persistence distribution<br> - page-ice # model data for results from PAGE-ICE base model runs<br> - scco2-montecarlo # for figure 6 data<br> - update-page # for figure 2 data<br> - variability # for figure 5 data<br> - extended data # hosts other data used in the manuscript or which we simply want to publish alongside. Example for naming convention for each variable in […] behind the files.<br> - economic-impact # model output variables “EquityWeighting_ te_totaleffect{_ann_yr}.csv” [PAGE-ICE_SSP1-1.9_discountedimpacts.csv]<br> - montecarlo-draws # model output variable “trialdata.csv” [PAGE-ICE_SSP1-1.9_trialdata.csv]<br> - sensitivity # hosts selected sensitivity analysis data used in the appendix<br> - temperature # model output variable “ClimateTemperature_rt_g_globaltemperature.csv” [PAGE-ICE_SSP1-1.9_globaltemperature.csv]<br> - scripts # has one script for each main text figure,<br> - figures # hosts main text figures as they come out of the scripts<br> - README.md # explanation for the repository</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Eitzel M.V (2021) A modeler's manifesto: Synthesizing modeling best practices with social science frameworks to support critical approaches to data science. Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e71553. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e71553
Modeler's Manifesto: Self-Situating Appendix
Figure 1 from: Eitzel M.V (2021) A modeler's manifesto: Synthesizing modeling best practices with social science frameworks to support critical approaches to data science. Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e71553. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e71553
Figure 1 Workflow diagram for manifesto practices, showing which project stages may benefit from which practices. Interdisciplinary fluency, engaging with community-based modeling, and paying attention to power dynamics as well as impacts and implications are all important at all stages of modeling work. Epistemic consistency is important throughout model development (the three middle steps of model choice, construction, and description) and communication, while triangulation and mixed methods contribute largely to model development. The data biography is most important in the model description stage, though one may need to keep a journal and track details of the model development process in order to create the data biography. Treating uncertainty as openness is most important in model communication and application; however, this could feed back into iterative model development steps as well, or one could design models to aid in treating uncertainty as openness.
Data Set for Calculating Social Media Rating in Assam Assembly Election 2021
<p>This data set contains the data used for calculating the Social Media Rating (SMR) of selected political parties and party presidents contesting the Assam Assembly Election 2021.</p>
Sex, Digital Devices, Social Medias and Social Isolation: A study of sexual behavioral during COVID -19 Pandemic
<p>Study data</p>
Figure 2 from: Mitra A (2013) Function of the Dufour's gland in solitary and social Hymenoptera. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 35: 33-58. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.35.4783
Figure 2 - Diagram listing the categories of compounds reported from the Dufour's gland in various hymenopteran taxa, also showing the inter-relationships of the taxa. Dendrogram made following Brothers (1998), Schmitz and Moritz (1998), Whitfield and Cameron (1998), Grimaldi and Engel (2005), Brady et al. (2009), Vincent et al. (2010), and Cardinal et al. (2010). References cited in parenthesis below the names of compounds. Branch lengths do not have any significance.
Figure 1 from: Mitra A (2013) Function of the Dufour's gland in solitary and social Hymenoptera. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 35: 33-58. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.35.4783
Figure 1 - Diagram showing position of the Dufour's gland among other abdominal organs in the polistine wasp Ropalidia marginata. (Drawing: author, not to scale)
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.