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FIGURE 21 in A revision of the Pauropsalta annulata Goding & Froggatt species group (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on morphology, calling songs and ecology, with investigations into calling song structure, molecular phylogenetic relationships and a case of hybridisation between two subspecies

FIGURE 21. Waveform plots illustrating the male calling song of Pauropsalta tremula sp. nov. from six different localities, including: (i) Lake Broadwater (27°21'S 151°06'E), (ii) Coolmunda Dam (28°26'S 151°14'E), (iii) Miles (27°37'S 150°10'E), (iv) Benarkin (26°53'S 152°08'E), (v) Cooyar (26°59'S 151°50'E), and (vi) Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E). Mean phrase repetition rates (PRR) for each recording are provided to the right of each plot for reference. The Benarkin recording (iv) is a duet that includes the responses of a female, with each female wing-flick indicated by an arrow.

FIGURE 25 in A revision of the Pauropsalta annulata Goding & Froggatt species group (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on morphology, calling songs and ecology, with investigations into calling song structure, molecular phylogenetic relationships and a case of hybridisation between two subspecies

FIGURE 25. Male calling song structure of Pauropsalta simplex sp. nov. illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8). The spectrogram at the bottom of the figure displays song frequency. This specimen was recorded in the field at Atherton (17°16'S 145°29'E).

FIGURE 5 in A revision of the Pauropsalta annulata Goding & Froggatt species group (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on morphology, calling songs and ecology, with investigations into calling song structure, molecular phylogenetic relationships and a case of hybridisation between two subspecies

FIGURE 5. Illustrations of male right opercula, with medial margin at bottom. (A–B) Pauropsalta annulata Goding and Froggatt, (A) Lake Dyer (27°38'S 152°22'E), (B) Charlevue Creek (23°41'S 149°08'E); (C) P. notialis notialis subsp. nov., Concord (33°51'S 151°06'E), (D) P. n. incitata subsp. nov., Barakula State Forest via Chinchilla (26°15'S 150°49'E); (E) P. n. notialisxincitata hybrid, Atkinsons Dam (27°26'S 152°27'E); (F) P. tremula sp. nov., Lake Broadwater (27°21'S 151°06'E); (G) P. blackdownensis sp. nov., Blackdown Tableland (23°47'S 149°00'E); (H) P. simplex sp. nov., Atherton (17°16'S 145°29'E); (I) P. granitica sp. nov., 7km SE. of Mount Carbine (16°34'S 145°10'E).

FIGURE 4 in A revision of the Pauropsalta annulata Goding & Froggatt species group (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on morphology, calling songs and ecology, with investigations into calling song structure, molecular phylogenetic relationships and a case of hybridisation between two subspecies

FIGURE 4. Illustrations of male right timbals, with dorsal edge at left and posterior margin at bottom: (A–B) Pauropsalta annulata Goding and Froggatt, Lake Dyer (27°38'S 152°22'E) and Charlevue Creek (23°41'S 149°08'E) respectively; (C) P. notialis notialis subsp. nov., Concord (33°51'S 151°06'E); (D) P. n. incitata subsp. nov., Barakula State Forest via Chinchilla (26°15'S 150°49'E); (E) P. n. notialisxincitata hybrid, Atkinsons Dam (27°26'S 152°27'E); (F) P. tremula sp. nov., Lake Broadwater (27°21'S 151°06'E); (G) P. blackdownensis sp. nov., Blackdown Tableland (23°47'S 149°00'E); (H) P. simplex sp. nov., Atherton (17°16'S 145°29'E); (I) P. granitica sp. nov., 7km SE. of Mount Carbine (16°34'S 145°10'E); (J) P. subtropica sp. nov., 1km N. of Auburn River National Park (25°43'S 151°03'E); (K) P. torrensis sp. nov., Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E); (L) P. decora sp. nov., 82km N. of St George (27°23'S 148°52'E); (M) P. kobongoides sp. nov., 65km NNE. of St George (27°32'S 148°50'E); (N) P. corymbiae sp. nov., Bull's Gully via Adavale (25°58'S 144°59'E); (O) P. inversa sp. nov., Eidsvold (25°22'S 151°07'E); (P) P. rubristrigata (Goding and Froggatt), Mt Lofty (34°59'S 138°43'E); (Q–R) P. ayrensis Ewart, (Q) 1km N. of Maroon Dam (28°11'S 152°39'E), (R) Mount Surprise (18°09'S 144°19'E). Scaling is the same for all illustrations except (P), which is scaled differently to the rest.

FIGURE 26. Megalomma georgiense n in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 26. Megalomma georgiense n. sp. A) Thorax, dorsal view; B–C) same, ventral views; D) dorsalmost radiolar eye; F) eye and spot of a lateral radiole; G) eye and spot of a ventral radiole; H) thoracic paleate chaetae; I) thoracic narrowly hooded chaetae; J) abdominal parapodium; K) thoracic uncini; L) abdominal uncini. A–B, D–L) Holotype from Georgia, USNM, 061328; C) paratype, USNM, 061328. Scale bars: A–C) 1 mm; D–F) 0.3 mm; H–L) 0.02 mm.

FIGURE 20 in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 20. Selected structures of Megalomma pacifici (Grube, 1859). A) Tube; B) thorax, dorsal view; C, F) thorax, ventral views; D–E) thorax, lateral views; G) posterior abdomen; H) collar dorsal view; I) pygidium; J) dorsalmost radiolar eye. A–D, I–J) Megalomma pacifici (Grube, 1859); E–H) Pseudopotamilla panamica Chamberlin, 1919, MCZ, 72. A–D, J) Holotype from Costa Rica, ZMUC POL 1985; E–H) holotype from Panama, MCZ, 72; I) specimen from Costa Rica, ECOSUR. Scale bars: A: 5 mm; B–D: 3 mm; E–H: 2 mm; I–J: 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 18 in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 18. Selected structures of Megalomma species. A–B) Thorax, ventral views; C) thorax, lateral view; D–F, K, T) thorax, dorsal views; G) dorsal lips; H–J) dorsalmost radiolar eyes; L–M) superior narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae; N) companion chaeta; O) inferior thoracic chaetae type C; P) abdominal uncinus; Q) thoracic uncinus; R) narrowly hooded abdominal chaeta. A, D, G–H) Megalomma modestum (de Quatrefages, 1866); B, F, J) Potamilla anophthalma Hartmann-Schröder, 1960; C, E, I) Potamilla clara Chamberlin, 1919; K–R) Megalomma mushaense (Gravier, 1908a). A, D, G–H) Syntype from Perú, MNHN, 163; B, F, J) holotype from Perú, ZMH, 15435; C, E, I) holotype from California, MCZ, 2171; K–R) modified from Gravier, 1908a. Abbreviation: dl dorsal lip. Scale bars: A–B, D–F: 1 mm; C: 2 mm; G–J: 0.25 mm; K–R: not scaled.

FIGURE 16 in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 16. Megalomma lobiferum (Ehlers, 1887). A) Thorax, dorsal view; B) same, ventral view; C) same, lateral view; D) collar, dorsal view; E) dorsalmost radiolar eye; F) eye from a lateral radiole; G) eye from a ventral radiole; H) thoracic noto- and neurochaetae. A–B) Specimen from Florida, USNM, 67959; C–H) specimen from Isla Contoy, México, ECOSUR. Scale bars: A–D) 1 mm; E–G) 0.3 mm; H) 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 13 in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 13. Selected structures of Megalomma species. A, D, G, R) Thorax, lateral views; B, F, O–P) thorax, dorsal views; C, H, Q) thorax, ventral views; E) dorsalmost radiolar eye; I, K) eyes from ventral radioles; J) eye from lateral radiole; L) thoracic uncinus; M) abdominal uncinus; N) companion chaetae. A–E) Megalomma gesae Knight-Jones, 1997; F–N) Megalomma heterops Perkins, 1984; O–R) Megalomma lanigera (Grube, 1846). A–E) Paratype from El Salvador, ZMH, 15245; F–N) modified from Perkins, 1984; O–R) specimens from Naples, MCZ, 1517. Abbreviations: apr anterior peristomial ring; vs ventral sacs; vbf ventral basal flange. Scale bars: A–D) 0.5 mm; E) 0.25 mm; F–N) not scaled; O–P) 2 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 8. Scanning electronic micrographs of body and caruncle. A) Lateral view of Megalomma coloratum (Chamberlin, 1919) from Mazatlán, México, ECOSUR; B–C) lateral and dorsal views of caruncle of Megalomma lobiferum (Ehlers, 1887) from Ria Lagartos, México, ECOSUR. Scale bars: A) 1 mm, B–C) 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 6 in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 6. Megalomma circumspectum (Moore, 1923). A, D, G) Thorax, lateral views; B) thorax, ventral view; C, E–F) thorax, dorsal views; H) base of the dorsalmost radiole, lateral view; I) dorsalmost radiolar eye; J–K) eyes from lateral radioles; L) eye from a ventral radiole; M) base of 2nd dorsal radiole, lateral view; N) spermatozoon; O) oocytes; P, V) thoracic uncini; Q) abdominal uncinus; R–S) superior thoracic narrowly hooded chaetae; T–U) inferior thoracic chaetae type C. A–E, H–V) specimens from Nayarit, México, ECOSUR; F–G) specimen from Santa Cruz, California, LACM, 003489. In F–G parasitic copepods are indicated with arrows. Scale bars: A–G) 1 mm; H–M) 125 µm; N) not scaled; O) 25 µm; P–V) 20 µm.

FIGURE 3 in Megalomma Johansson, 1925 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from America and other world-wide localities, and phylogenetic relationships within the genus 2861

FIGURE 3. Megalomma bioculatum (Ehlers, 1887). A) Thorax, dorsal view; B) same, ventral view; C) dorsalmost radiolar eye. A–C) Specimen from Florida, MCZ, 47066. Abbreviation: apr anterior peristomial ring. Scale bars: A–B) 1 mm; C) 0.3 mm.

opennotspecifiedMay 2011View details →

FIGURE 29 in Phylogenetic relationships of Elateridae inferred from adult morphology, with special reference to the position of Cardiophorinae

FIGURE 29. Inferred phylogeny of extant and fossil (indicated by arrows) Elateridae based on 175 non-gap-weighted adult morphological characters with cardiophorine clade species coded from only one sex omitted. Tree is an all-compatible phylogram with branch lengths estimated by MrBayes, of 200,000 post-burnin trees. Model = Mkv+G. Values are posterior probabilities. Scale bar indicates 0.1 changes per site.

opennotspecifiedAug 2010View details →

FIGURE 3 in Unravelling phylogenetic relationships among regionally co-existing species: Hydropsyche species (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in the Loire River

FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree (maximum likelihood topology) based on qualitative morphological characters, indicating node numbers in circles and character states that we discuss in the text (see Appendix 2 for details on all characters and Table 1 for species acronyms). BVs (in %) are indicated on the inset. Tree length: 122; consistency index: 0.797; retention index: 0.598; rescaled consistency index: 0.598; homoplasy index: 0.203.

opennotspecifiedOct 2010View details →

FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic relationships of the gecko genus Carinatogecko (Reptilia: Gekkonidae)

FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic tree based on partial sequences of the cytochrome b and 12S rRNA (PRANK alignment) genes constructed by Bayesian inference (topology only, see Červenka et al. 2008 for further information). In the box, detailed view of Mediodactylus clade, scores at nodes represent: MP bootstrap values – ClustalX alignment / MP bootstrap values – PRANK alignment / BI posterior probability – ClustalX alignment / BI posterior probability – PRANK alignment; nd indicates branch which is not present in respective tree.

opennotspecifiedDec 2013View details →

Figure 2 in Phylogenetic relationships of the extinct St Helena petrel, Pterodroma rupinarum Olson, 1975 (Procellariiformes: Procellariidae), based on ancient DNA

Figure 2. Bayesian consensus tree of cytochrome b sequences from 72 procellariid taxa and four Pelecanoides out-groups. Maximum-likelihood analyses yielded a congruent topology. Bayesian posterior probability and maximum-likelihood bootstrap support are shown along the branches. Sampling locations for Pterodroma arminjoniana and Pseudobulweria rostrata are as listed in Table 2.

opennotspecifiedMar 2021View details →

Figure 11 in Redescription of the skull of the Australian flatback sea turtle, Natator depressus, provides new morphological evidence for phylogenetic relationships among sea turtles (Chelonioidea)

Figure 11. Antero-medial view of braincase of Natator depressus (WAM R112123) (A) and Lepidochelys olivacea (SAMA BM670) (B) illustrating the two states of the rostrum basisphenoidale, robust (A) and gracile (B). Displaying the states of character 4 based on the descriptor in the Appendix. Abbreviations: pro.ros.nas processus rostrum basisphenoidale; ros.bas, rostrum basisphenoidale. Scale bars = 20mm.

opennotspecifiedMar 2021View details →

Figure 8 in Redescription of the skull of the Australian flatback sea turtle, Natator depressus, provides new morphological evidence for phylogenetic relationships among sea turtles (Chelonioidea)

Figure 8. Transverse cross sections Natator depressus (WAM R120113) cranium of the posterior portion of the skull (A) and of the nasal region moving anteriorly (B, C). Abbreviations: BO, basioccipital; cav.lab, cavum labrinthicum; fpcci, foramen posterior canalis cartotici interni; fos. nar, fossa nasalis; fos.orb.nas., fossa orbito-nasalis; int.nar., internal nares; MX, maxilla; OP, opsithotic; PAL, palatine; PAR, parietal; PRFR, prefrontal; PT, pterygoid; PT, pterygoid; VO, vomer. Scale bars are 50mm.

opennotspecifiedDec 2020View details →

Figure 16 in Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships

Figure 16. Scelidosaurus. The matching of the curvature of opposing dentitions. A, right mandible in dorsal view (NHMUK R1111). B, reconstruction of the left half of the skull in ventral view (after Norman, 2020a: fig. 10).