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opennotspecifiedDec 2015View details →

Fig. 9 in Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (9) Supplement to the taxonomy and distribution of Afrotropical Hylaeus F. species (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae)

Fig. 9: Hylaeus (Cornylaeus) adamauanis spec. nov.: Paratypus male, ventrolateral

opencc-zeroAug 2021View details →

Health care-related economic burden of polycystic ovary syndrome in the United States: Pregnancy-related and long-term health consequences - supplemental data

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women, affecting approximately 5-20% of women of reproductive age. A previous estimate noted that the economic burden of PCOS approximates $3.7 billion annually in 2020 USD when considering only the costs of the initial diagnosis and of reproductive endocrine morbidities, not considering the costs of pregnancy-related and long-term morbidities. Objective: To estimate the excess prevalence and economic burden of pregnancy-related and long-term health morbidities attributable to PCOS. Data Sources: PubMed, EmBase and Cochrane Library. Study Selection: Studies in which the diagnosis of PCOS was consistent with the Rotterdam, National Institutes of Health (NIH), or Androgen Excess & PCOS (AE-PCOS) Society criteria, or that used electronic medical record diagnosis codes, or diagnosis based on histopathologic sampling were eligible for inclusion. Studies that included an outcome of interest and a control group of non-PCOS patients who were matched or controlled for body mass index (BMI) were included. Data Extraction: Two investigators working independently extracted data on study characteristics and outcomes. Data Synthesis: Data was pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. The I 2 statistic was used to assess inter-study heterogeneity. The quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: The additional total healthcare-related economic burden due to pregnancy-related and long-term morbidities associated with PCOS in the United States is estimated to be $4.3 billion annually in 2020 USD.

opennotspecifiedJan 2021View details →

FIGURE 7 in Rediscovery of Styrax buchananii and S. chrysocarpus, with supplemental descriptions adding fruit and floral characters, respectively

FIGURE 7. Geographic distribution of Styrax buchananii (●) and S. chrysocarpus (★).

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2006View details →

Figs 1-4 in A revision of Leptobium CASEY. Supplement I (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Paederinae)

Figs 1-4: Leptobium bozdagense sp.n.: (1) habitus; (2) forebody; (3-4) aedeagus in ventral and in lateral view. Scales: 1-2: 1.0 mm; 3-4: 0.5 mm.

opennotspecifiedAug 2021View details →

FIGURE 3 in Description of a remarkable new species of Isoperla (Plecoptera: Perlodidae), with supplements for Isoperla kozlovi Zhiltzova, 1972 from China

FIGURE 3. Isoperla chongxui sp. nov., female habitus, dorsal view.

opennotspecifiedAug 2021View details →

FIGURE 2 in Description of a remarkable new species of Isoperla (Plecoptera: Perlodidae), with supplements for Isoperla kozlovi Zhiltzova, 1972 from China

FIGURE 2. Isoperla chongxui sp. nov., male habitus, ventral view.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

Supplemental methods for: Circulating plasma proteins differentiate epileptic from psychogenic non-epileptic seizures

Objective: To develop a diagnostic test that stratifies epileptic seizure (ES) from psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) by developing a multimodal algorithm that integrates plasma concentrations of selected immune response associated proteins and patient clinical risk factors for seizure. Methods: Daily blood samples were collected from patients evaluated in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) within 24 hours after EEG confirmed ES or PNES and plasma was isolated. Levels of 51 candidate plasma proteins were quantified using an automated, multiplexed, sandwich ELISA and then integrated and analyzed using our diagnostic algorithm. Results: A 51 protein multiplexed ELISA panel was used to determine the plasma concentrations of ES patients, PNES patients, and healthy controls. A combination of protein concentrations, TRAIL, ICAM-1, MCP-2 and TNF-R1 were identified that provided a probability that a patient recently experienced a seizure. The diagnostic algorithm yielded an AUC of 0.94 ± 0.07, sensitivity of 82.6% (95% CI: 62.9-93.0) and specificity of 91.6% (95% CI: 74.2-97.7). Further, expanding the diagnostic algorithm to include previously identified PNES risk factors enhanced diagnostic performance with AUC of 0.97 ± 0.05, sensitivity of 91.3%; (95% CI: 73.2-97.6), and specificity of 95.8%; (95% CI: 79.8-99.3). Conclusions: We have identified four plasma proteins that could provide a rapid, cost-effective, and accurate blood-based diagnostic test to confirm recent ES or PNES. Classification of Evidence: This study provides Class III evidence that variable levels of four plasma proteins, when analyzed by a diagnostic algorithm, can distinguish PNES from ES with sensitivity of 82.6% and specificity of 91.6%.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Supplemental data for: Three-dimensional kinematics of euchelicerate limbs uncover functional specialisation in eurypterid appendages

Sea scorpions (Eurypterida; Euchelicerata) explored the extreme limits of the aquatic euchelicerate body plan. Indeed, the group contains the largest known marine euarthropods. Inferences on eurypterid life modes—in particular walking and eating—are commonly made by comparing the group to horseshoe crabs (Xiphosura; Euchelicerata). However, no models have been presented to test these hypotheses. Here, we reconstruct prosomal appendages of two exceptionally well-preserved eurypterids Eurypterus tetragonophthalmus and Pentecopterus decorahensis and kinematically model the flexure and extension of these appendages in 3D. We compare these models to 3D kinematic models of Limulus polyphemus prosomal appendages. This comparison highlights that the examined eurypterid prosomal appendages could not have effectively moved prey items to the gnathal edges, and therefore would not have emulated the motion of a L. polyphemus walking leg. It seems that these eurypterid appendages were primarily used to walk or grab prey and other appendages would have moved prey for mastication. Such 3D kinematic modelling highlights how eurypterid appendage morphologies placed substantial limits on their function, suggesting a high degree of specialisation, especially when compared to horseshoe crabs. 3D kinematic modelling of these extinct groups also presents an innovative approach to understanding the position of these animals within their respective paleoecosystems.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Supplemental table from: CLIA laboratory testing for Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy (FSHD): a retrospective analysis

Objective: To summarize facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) diagnostic testing results from the University of Iowa Molecular Pathology Laboratory. Methods: All FSHD tests performed in the diagnostic laboratory January 2015-July 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Testing was by restriction enzyme digestion and Southern blot analysis with sequencing of SMCHD1, if indicated. Cases were classified as FSHD1 (4q35 EcoRI size ≤40kb; 1-10 D4Z4 repeats), FSHD2 (permissive 4q35A allele, D4Z4 hypomethylation, and pathogenic SMCHD1 variant), or non-FSHD1,2. We also noted cases with borderline EcoRI fragment size (41-43kb; 11 D4Z4 repeats), cases that meet criteria for both FSHD1 and FSHD2, somatic mosaicism, and cases with hybrid alleles that add complexity to test interpretation. Results: Of the 1594 FSHD tests included in the analysis, 703 (44.1%) were diagnosed with FSHD. Among these positive tests, 664 (94.5%) met criteria for FSHD1 and 39 (5.5%) met criteria for FSHD2. Of all 1594 cases, 20 (1.3%) had a 4q35 allele of borderline size, 23 (1.5%) were somatic mosaics, and 328 (20.9%) had undergone translocation events. Considering only cases with at least one 4q35A allele, D4Z4 repeat number differed significantly among groups: FSHD1 cases median of 6.0 (IQR: 4-7) repeats, FSHD2 cases 15.0 (IQR: 12-22) repeats, and non-FSHD1,2 cases 28.0 (IQR: 19-40) repeats. Conclusion: FSHD1 accounts for 94.5% of genetically confirmed cases of FSHD. The data show a continuum of D4Z4 repeat numbers with FSHD1 samples having the fewest, FSHD2 an intermediate number, and non-FSHD1,2 the most.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Effectiveness of acute L-arginine supplementation on physical performance in strength training: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The oral administration of L-arginine has been related to improved physical performance due to a likely reduction in muscle fatigue, resulting from the vasodilator effect of nitric oxide on skeletal muscle. However, there is no precise and quantitative analysis of the information in the literature. Objective: The main objective was to assess the effectiveness of L-arginine supplementation on physical performance in strength training with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis, the PRISMA® (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis), PICOS statement and methodology guidelines, the quality of evidence by Classification of Assessment, Development and Assessment Recommendations (GRADE), Multiple Systematic Review Tool Assessment (AMSTAR2), and to assess the risk of bias of randomized clinical trials, the RoB 2.0 tool (Risk of Bias - Cochrane risk of bias tool revised for randomized trials). The inclusion process established articles with well-designed human experiments that included only L-arginine supplementation testing the effects of L-arginine supplementation on sports performance related to strength training; identical experimental conditions in placebo or control group; and publications in the last ten years (until December 31, 2020). Three studies were included that compared L-arginine supplementation with placebo in anaerobic performance tests. Results: There was no significant heterogeneity (p>0.05) in the analysis of the three selected articles and the effects of L-arginine supplementation in muscular endurance; performance had a mean of 0.26 (95% CI = -0.129; 0.649; p = 0.190), peak torque with a mean of -0.002 (95% CI = -0.531; 0.527; p = 0. 99) of the third series of exercises and, furthermore, when comparing the integrated effect (resistance rate with the peak torque) there was no difference with a mean of 0.168 (95% CI = -0.145; 0.481; p = 0.292). Conclusions: Acute L-arginine supplementation provides no ergogenic effect on strength training performance.

FIGURES 24–26. Male antennae. 24, L. schmidti. 25, L. longicus. 26 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 24–26. Male antennae. 24, L. schmidti. 25, L. longicus. 26, Lagideus, unidentified species.

FIGURES 13–14. Lagideus tapanti. 13, Lateral view. 14 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 13–14. Lagideus tapanti. 13, Lateral view. 14, Dorsal view of head and thorax.

FIGURES 11–12. Lagideus longicus. 11, Lateral view. 12 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 11–12. Lagideus longicus. 11, Lateral view. 12, Dorsal view of head and thorax.

FIGURES 9–10. Lagideus albitarsis. 9, Lateral view. 10 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 9–10. Lagideus albitarsis. 9, Lateral view. 10, Dorsal view of head and thorax.

FIGURES 7–8. Lagideus flavus. 7, Lateral view. 8 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 7–8. Lagideus flavus. 7, Lateral view. 8, Dorsal view of head and thorax.

FIGURES 3–4. Lagideus boyaca. 3, Lateral view. 4 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 3–4. Lagideus boyaca. 3, Lateral view. 4, Dorsal view of head and thorax.

FIGURES 5–6. Lagideus schmidti. 5, Lateral view. 6 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 5–6. Lagideus schmidti. 5, Lateral view. 6, Dorsal view of head and thorax.

FIGURES 1–2. Lagideus romius. 1, Lateral view. 2 in The South American genus Lagideus Konow (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Syzygoniinae), a Supplement

FIGURES 1–2. Lagideus romius. 1, Lateral view. 2, Dorsal view of head and thorax.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2013View details →

Figures 16-22 from: Smith D, Janzen D (2013) Food plants and life histories of sawflies of the families Argidae and Tenthredinidae (Hymenoptera) in Costa Rica, a supplement. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 35: 17-31. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.35.5496

Figures 16-22 - 16 Adult of Eriglenum tristum 17 Cocoon of Atomacera josefernandezi on leaf 18 Cocoon of Eriglenum tristum on leaf 19 cocoon of Scobina lepida 20 Larva of Scobina notaticollis 21, 22 Larvae of Waldheimia lucianocapellii.