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3,709 results for “urbanization.”
urban expansion dataset
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Research on the impact of the digital economy on narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas—An empirical analysis based on provincial panel data
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RUSTY: Remote sensing of Urban material Stock accumulation Typologies
<p>Global building material stocks database - early iteration, work in progress. This version estimates built-up areas' (Nighttime Lights Cells, NLCs) sum of volumes of buildings (not mass) using a universal conversion, not differentiated.</p>
Geographically Weighted Regression Modeling of a Nighttime Urban Heat Island in Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Areas
<p>Urban Heat Islands (UHI) is the urban microclimate with higher air temperature than surrounding areas. It is caused by both man-made and natural factors which vary geographically based on weather periods. To have a sustainable future in the environment, there is a need to regulate influence levels of various causative factors that generate UHI. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model is among the spatial regression models that define the non-stationarity of variables. It generates a new equation on each sampled data unlikely global models like Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The study used GWR model to determine the influencing levels of three independent factors named Indexed-based Built-up Index (IBI), albedo and wind speed. Datasets were retrieved from MODIS satellite during the dry period of July from 2000 to 2019. IBI and Albedo were observed to have a strong negative influence with the maximum value of -0.045 and -0.053 respectively although, we expected to observe a positive influence on IBI since buildings emit absorbed energy during the night. Wind speed has a positive influence with the maximum value of 0.028 leading to the shift of heatwaves hence being termed as the secondary driving factor while IBI and Albedo as the primary driving factors. Wind speed is the highest driving factor that shifts emitted energies to other areas. We encourage an innovation in technology that produce higher albedo construction materials. We should improve environmental policies by introducing green cities through horizontal and vertical forests which might decrease the emitted energy into the atmosphere.</p>
Geographically Weighted Regression Modeling of a Daytime Urban Heat Island in Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Areas.
<p>Urban heat island is the phenomenon of having higher temperatures in urban areas compared to surrounding areas. It is caused by the replacement of natural vegetation with construction materials. Geographically Weighted Regression Model (GWR) determines non-stationarity among variables by generating a new equation for each sample size. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products such as MOD11A1, MCD43A1, MOD09A1 and MOD13A1 are used to acquire Land Surface Temperature (LST), Albedo, Indexed-Based Built-Up Index (IBI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) respectively. The highest and lowest coverage of Urban Heat Island of 69% and 43% were observed in 2000 and 2005 respectively. IBI is the leading causative factor by having an influence of 0.023 followed by Albedo, wind speed and EVI with an average of 0.019, 0.016 and -0.015 respectively. We recommend innovation in producing higher albedo construction materials and introducing green city policies.</p>
Constructing Urban Tourism Space Digitally — Supplementary Material
<p>Over the past decade, Airbnb has emerged as the most popular platform for renting out single rooms or whole apartments. The impact of Airbnb listings on local neighborhoods has been controversially discussed in many cities around the world. The platform's widespread adoption led to changes in urban life, and in particular urban tourism. In this paper, we argue that urban tourism space can no longer be understood as a fixed, spatial entity. Instead, we follow a constructivist approach and argue that urban tourism space is (re-)produced digitally and collaboratively on online platforms such as Airbnb. We relate our work to a research direction in the CSCW community that is concerned with the role of digital technologies in the production and appropriation of urban space and use the concept of representations as a theoretical lens for our empirical study. In that study, we qualitatively analyzed how the two Berlin neighborhoods <em>Kreuzkölln</em> and <em>City West</em> are digitally constructed by Airbnb hosts in their listing descriptions. Moreover, we quantitatively investigated to what extend mentioned places differ between Airbnb hosts and <em>visitBerlin</em>, the city's destination management organization (DMO). In our qualitative analysis, we found that hosts primarily focus on facilities and places in close proximity to their apartment. In the traditional urban tourism hotspot <em>City West</em>, hosts referred to many places also mentioned by the DMO. In the neighborhood of <em>Kreuzkölln</em>, in contrast, hosts reframed everyday places such as parks or an immigrant food market as the must sees in the area. We discuss how Airbnb hosts contribute to the discursive production of urban neighborhoods and thus co-produce them as tourist destinations. With the emergence of online platforms such as Airbnb, power relations in the construction of tourism space might shift from the DMOs towards local residents who are now producing tourism space collaboratively.</p>
Genetic structure of Mataco-Guaycurú speakers from Argentina and their genetic admixture extent with neighbouring urban populations
<p>Y-STRs haplotype dataset of four Native American groups inhabiting northern Argentina (Wichi, PIlaga, Toba and Mocoví) belonging from Mataco-Guyacurú ethnic group. </p>
Source data: High respiration rates induce net CO2 emissions in an urban allotment garden in Finland
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Study data to "Crowdsourcing air temperature data for the evaluation of the urban microscale model PALM – a case study in central Europe"
<p>Supplementary material to the paper "Crowdsourcing air temperature data for the evaluation of the urban microscale model PALM – a case study in central Europe", http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000197 </p><p>Provides the model input and configuration files as well as relevant output files for the analysis. Additionally delivers the required geo data and meteorological data in the scripts.</p><p>The scripts for processing the data can be found on github: https://github.com/lara-vdl/PALM-Crowdsourcing</p>
Wind tunnel measurements of particulate matter concentration and wind speed to determine the deposition effect of urban green
<p>This dataset contains measurements of particulate matter (PM) concentration and wind speed at the in- and outlet of a test section of an open-circuit wind tunnel to study PM deposition on urban green. The vegetation under study was the climber species <em>Hedera Helix</em>, which was grown against a screen in a planter. PM was introduced in the wind tunnel at the inlet bend (number 2 on the figure WT-design) and consisted of a mixture of Arizona fine test dust (d<sub>p</sub> > 0.3 µm) and soot (d<sub>p</sub> < 0.3 µm). The concentration measurements were performed with an optical particle sizer and a scanning mobility particle analyser. Wind speed was measured with a hot wire anemometer. Details of the files can be found in README.txt. This research was performed by the Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) group at the University of Antwerp (Belgium).</p>
Efficacy of biological larvicide VectoMax® FG against Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens under real field conditions in urban catch basins
<p>This database has been used to evaluate the efficacy of biological larvicide VectoMax<sup>®</sup> FG against <em>Aedes albopictus</em> and <em>Culex pipiens</em> under real field conditions in urban catch basins</p>
Data for "Extraction and Inversion of Coherent Rayleigh Waves from Urban Anthropogenic Noise with Distributed Acoustic Sensing"
<p>Data for "Extraction and Inversion of Coherent Rayleigh Waves from Urban Anthropogenic Noise with Distributed Acoustic Sensing"</p> <p> </p>
Biotoxic effects and gene expression regulation of urban PM2.5 in southwestern China
GEO Series GSE216512. Homo sapiens. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
An avian urban morphotype: how the city environment shapes great tit morphology at different life stages
<p>Data and script .</p>
Integrating tick density and park visitor behaviors to assess the risk of tick exposure in urban parks on Staten Island, New York
<p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>Public green spaces are important for human health, but they may expose visitors to ticks and tick-borne pathogens. We sought to understand, for the first time, visitors’ exposure risk and drivers of tick-preventative behavior in three popular parks on Staten Island, New York City, NY, USA, by integrating tick hazard and park visitors’ behaviors, risk perceptions and knowledge.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p> We conducted tick sampling in three parks, across three site types (open spaces, the edge of open spaces and trails) and three within-park habitats (maintained grass, unmaintained herbaceous, and leaf litter) to estimate tick density during May-August 2019. Human behavior was assessed by observations of time spent and activity type in each site. We integrated the time spent in each location by park visitors and the tick density to estimate the probability of human-tick encounter. To assess visitors’ tick prevention behaviors, a knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) survey was administered.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>Three tick species (<em>Ixodes scapularis</em>, <em>Amblyomma americanum</em> and <em>Haemaphysalis longicornis) </em>were collected. For all species, the density of nymphs was greatest in unmaintained herbaceous habitats and trails, however, the fewest people entered these hazardous locations and parks. The KAP survey revealed that most respondents (N= 190) identified parks as the main location for tick exposure, but most believed they had minimal risk for tick encounter. Consequently, many visitors did not conduct tick checks. People were most likely to practice tick checks if they knew multiple prevention methods and perceived a high likelihood of tick encounter.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>By integrating acarological indices with park visitor behaviors, we found a mismatch between areas with higher tick densities and areas more frequently used by park visitors. However, this exposure risk varied among demographic groups, the type of activities and parks, with a higher probability of human-tick encounters in trails compared to open spaces. Furthermore, we showed that people’s KAP did not change across parks even if parks represented different exposure risks. Our research is a first step towards identifying visitor risk, attitudes, and practices that could be targeted by optimized messaging strategies for tick bite prevention among park visitors.</p>
Are behaviour and stress-related phenotypes in urban birds adaptive? : Data and scripts
<p>Data and scripts associated with the manuscript.</p>
Data and Code for: Evaluation of the SPARTACUS-Urban Radiation Model for Vertically Resolved Shortwave Radiation in Urban Areas
<p>This contains the model outputs and analysis code for the article: Evaluation of the SPARTACUS-Urban Radiation Model for Vertically Resolved Shortwave Radiation in Urban Areas, Stretton et al. 2022, Boundary Layer Meteorology, 10.1007/s10546-022-00706-9</p>
Characterizing the Dynamics of Wildland-Urban Interface and the Potential Impacts on Fire Activities in Alaska from 2000 to 2010
<p>The material contains the shapefiles of wildland-urban interface in Alaska in 2000 and 2010, which are derived from census data and National Land Cover Database.</p>
Effect of sampling approaches on quantifying urban forest structure
<p>R code and data used in the paper.</p>
Datasets of nomalous phenomenon of buildings in regulating urban climate from observations in Beijing, China
<p> </p> <p>1. This is the dataset described by the paper "New evidences on anomalous phenomenon of buildings in regulating urban climate from observations in Beijing, China" submitted to Earth and Space Science(ESS).<br> 2. The dataset has three subsets, including diurnal air temperature range(DTR), land surface temperature(LST) and radiation flux(FLux).<br> 3. The dataset contains two observation sites. One is located in the Olympic Forest Park, Chaoyang District (116°24E, 40°01N). The other observational site representing building surfaces is located in the residential area of Southern Kexue Yard (116°22E, 39°59N), with a straight distance of 4.1 km from the Olympic Forest Park site.<br> 4. If you have any questions, please contact Wenhui Kuang (kuangwh@igsnrr.ac.cn).</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.