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Figs 59–78. Phallus. 59 in High diversity and endemism in the genus Cautires Waterhouse, 1879 (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Malay mountain forests, with the descriptions of fourteen new species

Figs 59–78. Phallus. 59. Cautires alexae sp. nov. 60. C. andujari sp. nov. 61. C. arribasae sp. nov. 62. C. berembanensis sp. nov. 63. C. campestris sp. nov. 64. C. communis sp. nov. 65. C. griseus Kleine, 1930. 66. C. jasarensis sp. nov. 67. C. katarinae sp. nov. 68. C. kirstenae sp. nov. 69. C. kotatinggensis sp. nov. 70. C. linardi sp. nov. 71. C. maseki sp. nov. 72. C. pahangensis sp. nov. 73. C. nervosus Kleine, 1926. 74. C. renatae sp. nov. 75. C. reverandi Pic, 1925. 76. C. simillimus Kleine, 1926. 77. C. selangorensis Kleine, 1930. 78. C. tenebricus Kleine, 1926. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 1 in High diversity and endemism in the genus Cautires Waterhouse, 1879 (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Malay mountain forests, with the descriptions of fourteen new species

Fig. 1. The sampled localities in the Malay Peninsula. A. The localities in the Malay Peninsula. B. Detailed map of sampled localities in the Cameron Highlands region. C. Habitats in the Cameron Highlands mountain.

Figs 41–58. Male elytra. 41 in High diversity and endemism in the genus Cautires Waterhouse, 1879 (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Malay mountain forests, with the descriptions of fourteen new species

Figs 41–58. Male elytra. 41. Cautires alexae sp. nov. 42. C. andujari sp. nov. 43. C. arribasae sp. nov. 44. C. berembanensis sp. nov. 45. C. campestris sp. nov. 46. C. communis sp. nov. 47. C. griseus Kleine, 1930. 48. C. jasarensis sp. nov. 49. C. katarinae sp. nov. 50. C. kirstenae sp. nov. 51. C. kotatinggensis sp. nov. 52. C. linardi sp. nov. 53. C. maseki sp. nov. 54. C. pahangensis sp. nov. 55. C. nervosus Kleine, 1926. 56. C. renatae sp. nov. 57. C. reverandi Pic, 1925. 58. C. simillimus Kleine, 1926. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Figs 21–38. Male pronotum. 21 in High diversity and endemism in the genus Cautires Waterhouse, 1879 (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Malay mountain forests, with the descriptions of fourteen new species

Figs 21–38. Male pronotum. 21. Cautires alexae sp. nov. 22. C. andujari sp. nov. 23. C. arribasae sp. nov. 24. C. berembanensis sp. nov. 25. C. campestris sp. nov. 26. C. communis sp. nov. 27. C. griseus Kleine, 1930. 28. C. jasarensis sp. nov. 29. C. katarinae sp. nov. 30. C. kirstenae sp. nov. 31. C. kotatinggensis sp. nov. 32. C. linardi sp. nov. 33. C. maseki sp. nov. 34. C. pahangensis sp. nov. 35. C. nervosus Kleine, 1926. 36. C. renatae sp. nov. 37. C. reverandi Pic, 1925. 38. C. simillimus Kleine, 1926. — 39–40. Male elytra costae, detail: 39. C. andujari sp. nov. 40. C. campestris sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 11 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 11. Adeonellopsis pentapora Canu & Bassler, 1929. A. Left, colony in Döderlein Collection (MZS 2-1); right, colony collected by NSMT (NSMT-TeS22). B. Colony on hydroid stalk, from Sagami Bay (NSMT-TeS20). C. Distal end of branch showing young autozooids with multiporous, denticulate spiramen (NSMT-Te761). D. Young autozooids with umbonate processes on frontal shield (NSMT- Te764). E. Mature autozooids with small suboral and other frontal avicularia (NSMT-Te761). F. Old autozooids, showing deeply immersed spiramen and orifices (NSMT-Te762). A–B = optical photographs; C–F = SEM images. Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B = 2 mm; C–D, F = 200 μm; E = 250 μm.

Fig. 8 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 8. Adeonellopsis japonica (Ortmann, 1890). A. Distal end of branch just starting to bifurcate, showing young autozooids and gonozooids (NSMT-BryR277). B. Enlargement of young gonozooids, showing peripheral rim with rows of granulation perpendicular to margin, and large multiporous spiramen (NSMT-BryR277). C. Autozooids in middle of branch, showing immersed spiramen (NSMT- Bry R 193). D. Basal part of branch, showing autozooids, and some kenozooids with closed orifice (NSMT-BryR36). E. Young gonozooids, showing distinct marginal pores and multiporous spiramen (NSMT-Te758). F. Distal end of branch, showing autozooid formation (NSMT-Te758). SEM images. Scale bars: A, C = 1 mm, B, D–E = 300 μm; F = 500 μm.

Fig. 4 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 4. Adeonella jahanai sp. nov. A. Holotype colony with narrow branches (NSMT-Te1050, Okinawa). B. Young autozooids at distal end of branch, showing primary orifices NSMT-Te889. C. Autozooids with elongate frontal avicularia (NSMT-Te889, Okinawa). D. Young autozooids with a single triangular avicularium abutting the proximal margin of the peristome (NSMT-Te889, Okinawa). A = optical photograph; B–D = SEM images. Scale bars: A = 1 cm; B–D = 100 μm.

Fig. 10. Interior frontal shield. A in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 10. Interior frontal shield. A. Adeonellopsis japonica (Ortmann, 1890) (NSMT-Te1052). B. A. parvirostrum sp. nov. (NSMT-Te807). Arrowheads indicate ring scar. SEM images. Scale bars: A = 50 μm; B = 25 μm.

Fig. 6 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 6. Adeonellopsis arculifera (Canu & Bassler, 1929). A. Colonies collected SW of Yakushima Island (NSMT-Te789). B. Branch showing crenulate periphery (NSMT-Te781). C. Enlargement of bifurcation showing autozooids with oblique avicularium and single small spiramen (NSMT-Te781). D. Young autozooids showing peristomial rim and single small spiramen (NSMT-Te781). E. Old part of branch, showing various stages in formation of kenozooids (NSMT-Te781). F. Old part of branch, showing autozooids with depression containing avicularium and spiramen (NSMT-Te781). A = optical photograph; B–F = SEM images. Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B = 1 mm; C–D = 300 μm; E = 500 μm; F = 250 μm.

Fig. 9 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 9. Adeonellopsis japonica (Ortmann, 1890). A. Colony collected at Albatross Station D, off Oahu Island, Hawaii (USNM 271601). B. Autozooids of Hawaii specimen, showing suboral avicularia and biporous spiramen (USNM 271601, Hawaii). C. Autozooids and lateral vicarious avicularia at a branch bifurcation (USNM 271601 paper box, Hawaii). D. Enlargement of lateral vicarious avicularia at branch bifurcation (USNM 271601 paper box, Hawaii). A = optical photograph; B–D = photomicrographs. Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B, D = 300 μm; C = 500 μm.

Fig. 3 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 3. Adeonella cf. lichenoides (Lamarck, 1816). A. Gonozooids at branch bifurcation (NSMT-Bry R 365, Sagami Sea). B. Kenozooids with numerous frontal avicularia (NSMT-BryR360, Sagami Sea). C. Autozooids with numerous frontal avicularia (NSMT-TeS14, Sagami Sea). SEM images. Scale bars: A, C = 200 μm; B = 100 μm.

Fig. 2 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 2. Adeonella cf. lichenoides (Lamarck, 1816). A. Large, robust branching colony in Showa Emperor Collection (NSMT-BryR299, Sagami Sea). B. Distal end of branch, showing vicarious avicularia associated with a branch bifurcation (NSMT-BryR297, Sagami Sea). C. Autozooids (NSMT-BryR359, Sagami Sea). D–E. Two types of lanceolate avicularia near branch bifurcations. D. Short type (NSMT- BryR297). E. Long type (NSMT-BryR359, Sagami Sea). A = optical photograph; B–E = SEM images. Scale bars: A = 2 cm; B = 500 μm; C–E = 200 μm.

Fig. 5 in Diversity and distribution of adeonid bryozoans (Cheilostomata: Adeonidae) in Japanese waters

Fig. 5. Adeonella jahanai sp. nov. A. Branch bifurcation lacking vicarious avicularaia (NSMT- Te889, Okinawa). B. Branch bifurcation with vicarious avicularium (NSMT-Te749, off Yakushima). C. Vicarious avicularia on side of branch (NSMT-Te889, Okinawa). D. Old part of branch showing autozooids and kenozooids (NSMT-Te889, Okinawa). E. Gonozooids at periphery of branch (NSMT- Te889, Okinawa). F. Gonozooid at periphery of branch (NSMT-Te889, Okinawa). SEM images. Scale bars: A– D = 200 μm; E = 300 μm; F = 100 μm.

Fig. 19 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 19. Photographs of living specimens. a. Phalangodus anacosmetus Gervais, 1842, ♀. b. Phalangodus briareos sp. nov., ♂. Courtesy of S. Galvis (a) and J. Uribe (b).

Fig. 17 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 17. Penis glans and stylus, lateral view. a. Prostygnus sp., Cranaidae: Prostygninae (MZUSP 57274). b. Flirtea quinquilineata (Simon, 1879), Cosmetidae: Cosmetinae (ICN-AO 465).

Fig. 16 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 16. Stylar caps in some cranaids species. — a-e. Cranainae. a. Phalangodus anacosmetus Gervais, 1842 (ICN-AO 1000). b. Phareicranaus giganteus Mello-Leitão, 1940 (MNRJ 19263). c. Ventrifurca caffeinica Villarreal, Kury & Pinto-da-Rocha, 2015 (MNRJ 7038). d. Phareicranaus albilineatus author+year (MNRJ 7916). e. Phareicranaus duranti (González-Sponga, 1989) (MNRJ 7818). — f. Heterocranainae. Heterocranaus sp. (MNRJ 7634). — g. Stygnicranainae. Agathocranaus sp. (MNRJ 8437). a, c, f. Lateral view. b, g. Ventral view. d–e. Oblique view. Arrows indicate stylar caps.

Fig. 14 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 14. Phalangodus kuryi sp. nov. a–d. Holotype, ♂ (ICN-AO-1436). e–f. Paratype, ♀ (ICN- AO-1436.1). g. Paratype, ♂ (ICN-AO-1436.1). a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Dorsal scutum, lateral view. c. Pedipalpal femur, ectal view. d. Right leg IV: femur, patela and tibia, dorsal view. e. Dorsal scutum, lateral view. f. Pedipalpal femur, ectal view. g. Pedipalpal femur, ectal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 15 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 15. Phalangodus kuryi sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (ICN-AO-1436). Penis, distal portion. a. Dorsodistal view. b. Ventral view. c. Detail of MS, lateral view. d. Stylar caps, ventral view. e. Lateral view. Abbreviations: MS = macrosetae.

Fig. 12 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 12. Phalangodus gyes sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (MNRJ 17907). Distal portion of the penis. a. Dorsal view. b. Ventral view. c. Lateral view. d. Stylar caps, lateral view.

Fig. 11 in Unveiling the diversity of Phalangodus Gervais, 1842 (Opiliones: Cranaidae): descriptions of four new species from Colombia

Fig. 11. Phalangodus gyes sp. nov. a–b, d–e. Holotype, ♂ (MNRJ 8655). c. Paratype, ♀ (MNRJ 17907). a. Habitus, dorsal view. b. Left pedipalp femur, ectal view. c. Left pedipalp, femur, ectal view. d–e. Right leg IV. d. Patella and tibia, dorsal view. e. Femur, dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.