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617 results for “Early Jurassic”
Fig. 1 in New Early Jurassic sawflies from Luxembourg: the oldest record of Tenthredinoidea (Hymenoptera: "Symphyta")
Fig. 1. Photograph of "Symphyta" family incertae sedis, MNHN−LP−R. 11199. A. General habitus; scale bar 1 mm. B. Apex of Sc; scale bar 0.1 mm.
Fig. 3 in New Early Jurassic sawflies from Luxembourg: the oldest record of Tenthredinoidea (Hymenoptera: "Symphyta")
Fig. 3. Photograph of Pseudoxyelocerus bascharagensis gen. et sp. nov., holotype MNHN−LP−R. 11198. A. Part. B. Counterpart. Scale bars 1 mm.
Appendix 1 in Revision of Saurorhynchus (Actinopterygii: Saurichthyidae) from the Early Jurassic of England and Germany
Appendix 1. Select cranial measurements for Early Jurassic species of Saurorhynchus Reis, 1892.
Data from: Upper Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropods from the Cleveland Basin, England: systematics, palaeobiogeography and contribution to biotic recovery from the early Toarcian extinction event
<p>Here we describe a new late Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropod fauna from rocks of the Cleveland Basin exposed on the North Yorkshire coast of England. The fossil assemblage comprises sixteen species, of which three are new: <i>Katosira</i>? <i>bicarinata</i> sp. nov., <i>Turritelloidea</i> <i>stepheni</i> sp. nov. and <i>Striactaenonina elegans</i> sp. nov. Four species are described in open nomenclature as <i>Tricarilda</i>? sp., <i>Jurilda</i> sp., <i>Cylindrobullina </i>sp. and <i>Cossmannina</i> sp. The other species have previously been described: <i>Coelodiscus minutus </i>(Schübler <i>in </i>Zieten), <i>Procerithium quadrilineatum </i>(Römer), <i>Pseudokatosira</i> <i>undulata</i> (Benz in von Zieten), <i>Palaeorissoina </i>aff.<i> acuminata</i><i> </i>(Gründel, 1999b), <i>Pietteia</i> <i>unicarinata</i> (Hudleston), <i>Globularia</i> cf. <i>canina</i> (Hudleston), <i>Striactaeonina</i> cf. <i>richterorum </i>Schulbert & Nützel, <i>Striactaenonina </i>aff.<i> tenuistriata </i>(Hudleston) and <i>Sulcoactaeon</i> <i>sedgvici </i>(Phillips). Most of these species are the earliest records of their respective genera and show palaeobiogeographical connections with contemporary gastropod associations from other regions of Europe and South America. The taxonomic composition of the late Toarcian Cleveland Basin gastropod assemblage differs substantially from the faunas of the late Pliensbachian and early Toarcian <i>Tenuicostatum</i> Zone, showing the strong effect of the early Toarcian mass extinction event on the marine gastropod communities in the basin. Only a few gastropod species are shared between the late Toarcian faunas and the much more diverse Aalenian gastropod faunas in the Cleveland Basin, suggesting there was a facies control on gastropod occurrences at that time. This is also a potential explanation for the taxonomic differences between the late Toarcian gastropod faunas in the Cleveland Basin and those in France, and Northern and Southern Germany.</p>
Data from: Ups and downs of belemnite diversity in the Early Jurassic of Western Tethys
Although belemnites form a major clade of extinct cephalopods, the early stage of their diversification remains poorly known in time and space. Here we investigate the first diversification episodes of belemnites (order Belemnitida) using a new species-level database encompassing the Hettangian-Aalenian interval (Early Jurassic-earliest Middle Jurassic) and covering the Western Tethys. Rarefied richness shows a four-fold increase from the Planorbis chronozone to the Ibex chronozone, a strong decrease between the Margaritatus and Spinatum chronozones, followed by a drop in the Spinatum-Serpentinum interval that is coeval with the second-order Toarcian biological crisis. The Bifrons chronozone records a high richness that departs significantly from those of the surrounding chronozones. A last richness peak in the Dispansum chronozone precedes a decrease towards the Aalenian. Biogeographic analyses do not reveal any clear large-scale provincialism for belemnites, in sharp contrast with ammonoids. Such a long-term homogeneous spatial distribution of belemnites is probably due to: (1) the relatively poorly-documented fossil record of belemnites, especially in Mediterranean localities and (2) contrasted dispersal abilities of belemnites compared to ammonoids over the studied time interval.
Data and R code for Reddin et al. 'Marine species and assemblage change foreshadowed by their thermal bias over Early Jurassic warming''
<p>This repository holds the raw and prepared datasets and R code to handle them for the manuscript Reddin et al. 'Marine species and assemblage change foreshadowed by their thermal bias over Early Jurassic warming'. Nature Communications</p>
Data from: Computed tomographic analysis of dental system of three Jurassic ceratopsians: implications for the evolution of the tooth replacement pattern and diet in early-diverging ceratopsians
<p><span>T</span><span>he </span><span>dental system of ceratops</span><span>ids is among the most specialized structure in Dinosauria</span><span>, and includes high angled wear surfaces, split tooth roots, and multiple teeth in each tooth family. However, the early evolution of this unique dental system is generally poorly understood due to a lack of knowledge of the dental morphology and development in early-diverging ceratopsians.</span><span> Here we study the dental system of </span><span>three</span><span> of the earliest-diverging Chinese ceratopsians</span><span>: </span><em><span>Yinlong</span></em><span> and <em>Hualianceratops</em> from the early Late Jurassic of Xinjiang</span><span>,</span><span> and <em>Chaoyangsaurus</em> from the Late Jurassic of Liaoning. By using micro-computed tomographic analyses, our study has revealed significant new information regarding the dental system of these early ceratopsians, including </span><span>no</span><span> more than five replacement teeth in each jaw quadrant; at most one generation of replacement teeth in each alveolus; nearly full resorption of the functional tooth root during tooth replacement; and occlusion with low-angled, concave wear facets that differs significantly from the shearing occlusal system seen in ceratopsids. <em>Yinlong</em> displays an increase in the number of maxillary tooth alveoli and a decrease in the number of replacement teeth during ontogeny as well as the retention of remnants of functional teeth in the largest individual.</span> <span>Early-diverging ceratopsians thus display a relatively slow tooth replacement rate compared to late-diverging ceratopsians.</span> <span>Combined with paleobotany and palaeoenvironment data, <em>Yinlong</em> likely uses gastroliths to triturate foodstuffs, and t</span><span>he difference in diet strategy might have influenced the pattern of tooth replacement in later-diverging ceratopsians.</span></p>
Fig. 4 in Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic radiolarians from Mount Rettenstein in the Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria
Fig. 4. Stratigraphy and lithology of the Mount Rettenstein succession sensu stricto.
Fig. 2 in Low durophagous predation on Toarcian (Early Jurassic) ammonoids in the northwestern Panthalassa shelf basin
Fig. 2. Geological map of the Toyora area, southwest Japan (modified from Tanabe et al. 1982).
Dataset for "Early Jurassic rift-related low-pressure-high–temperature granulite facies metamorphism generates widespread peraluminous crustal melts"
<p>This repository contains data for the manuscript "Early Jurassic rift-related low-pressure-high–temperature granulite facies metamorphism generates widespread peraluminous crustal melts" by Anthony Ramírez-Salazar, Mattia Parolari, Arturo Gómez-Tuena, Fernando Ortega-Gutiérrez, and Mariano Elías-Herrera submitted for publication to Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystem.</p> <p>The file contains geochemical, isotopic and geochronological data collected from the metapelitic xenoliths of Pepechuca, southern Mexico. All xenoliths were collected between the coordinates 18° 47´ 17.36´´N, 100° 04´ 07.92´´W and 18° 47´ 12.47´´N, 100° 04´ 05.00´´W. The dataset is divided in four tables:</p> <p>Table S1 Xenoliths' Bulk rock major elements<br>Table S2 Xenoliths' trace elements<br>Table S3 Xenoliths' Sr, Nd, Hf and Pb isotopic compositions<br>Table S4 U-Pb and trace element data of the xenoliths</p> <p><br>Anthony Ramírez-Salazar. e-mail: r.s.anthonyy@gmail.com; anthony@geologia.unam.mx</p>
FIG. 36 in Anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Tazoudasaurus naimi (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the late Early Jurassic of Morocco
FIG. 36. — Tazoudasaurus naimi, ungual phalanx I in lateral view (To1-94). Scale bar: 5 cm.
Figure 6 in Osteology of Cryolophosaurus ellioti (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Antarctica and implications for early theropod evolution
Figure 6. Skull of Cryolophosaurus ellioti in dorsal aspect (photo courtesy of J. Weinstein).
Figure 18 in Osteology of Cryolophosaurus ellioti (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Antarctica and implications for early theropod evolution
Figure 18. Proximal left tibia of Cryolophosaurus ellioti in proximal (A) and lateral (B) aspects.
Drilling predation on Early Jurassic bivalves and behavioral patterns of the presumed gastropod predator — evidence from Pliensbachian soft bottom deposits of northern Germany
<p><span>Drilling predation is a common reason for mortality of benthic molluscs but did not become common until the late Mesozoic. </span><span>The scarcity of drill holes in the early Mesozoic fossil record limits our </span><span>understanding of the evolution of drilling behavior and its role on shaping early Mesozoic marine communities. Here</span><span>,</span><span> we </span><span>use</span> <span>drill</span><span>ing trace</span><span>s on several bivalve taxa from the Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) marine soft bottom deposits in northern Germany</span> <span>to </span><span>explore</span><span> behavior</span><span>al patterns of the predator</span> <span>(e.g.,</span> <span>site selectivity</span><span>, change in site-selective behaviour with age)</span><span>. Although none of the known drilling gastropod groups existed in the Pliensbachian, including the studied localities, the drill hole morphology suggests that the predator was probably a gastropod. The </span><span>ecology and identity of the </span><span>target prey change from a diverse array of epifaunal to infaunal taxa in older deposits to focus on a single large deep infaunal taxon, <em>Gresslya</em> <em>intermedia</em>, in younger deposits, suggesting a potential trend in prey selectivity over time. Spatial point pattern analysis of traces (SPPAT) reveals an </span><span>aggregated pattern of drill holes </span><span>on <em>Gresslya</em>, suggesting strong selectivity in drill hole location. Drilling on a single large infaunal taxon and site selectivity are common patterns also inferred previously from the drilled deep infaunal Eothyasira from the Pliensbachian of southern Germany. In addition to the scarcity of predators, the highly specialized behavior of the early drilling predators, including strong prey selectivity in terms of prey identity and life habit, can partly explain the rarity of the early Mesozoic drill holes.</span></p>
Data from: Computed tomographic analysis of dental system of three Jurassic ceratopsians: implications for the evolution of the tooth replacement pattern and diet in early-diverging ceratopsians
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Drilling predation on Early Jurassic bivalves and behavioral patterns of the presumed gastropod predator — evidence from Pliensbachian soft bottom deposits of northern Germany
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Data from: Upper Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropods from the Cleveland Basin, England: systematics, palaeobiogeography and contribution to biotic recovery from the early Toarcian extinction event
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Data from: Ups and downs of belemnite diversity in the Early Jurassic of Western Tethys
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Data from: Reductions in body size of benthic macroinvertebrates as a precursor of the Early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) extinction event in the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal
Reduction of body size is a common response of organisms to environmental stress. Studying the Early Toarcian succession in the Lusitanian Basin of Portugal, we tested whether the shell size of benthic marine communities of bivalves and brachiopods changed at and prior to the global, warming-related Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE). Statistical analyses of shell size over time show that the mean shell size of communities decreased significantly prior to the T-OAE. This trend is distinct in brachiopods and is caused by larger-sized species becoming less abundant over time, whereas it is not significant in bivalves, suggesting a decoupled response to environmental stress. Reductions in shell size precede the decline in standardized sample-level species richness associated with the Early Toarcian extinction event. Such decreases in the shell size of marine invertebrates, well before the onset of biodiversity change, suggest that reductions in body size more generally may be a precursor of a subsequent loss of species and turnover at the community-level caused by climate change. Sedimentological evidence is against hypoxia as a driver of extinction and preceding size decrease in the brachiopod fauna in the studied succession, although low oxygen levels are widely held responsible for elevated Early Toarcian extinction rates globally. Reduction of mean shell size in brachiopods but stasis in bivalves is difficult to explain with ocean acidification because experimental work shows that brachiopods can be resilient to lowered pH, albeit long-term metabolic costs and potential evolutionary adaptations are unknown. Rising Early Toarcian temperatures in the Lusitanian Basin seem to be a plausible factor in both diversity decline associated with the T-OAE as well as the preceding reductions in mean shell size because thermal tolerances in modern bivalves are among the highest within marine invertebrates.
Data from: The Rapoport effect and the climatic variability hypothesis in Early Jurassic ammonites
The increase of species range size towards high latitudes, known as the Rapoport's rule, remains one of the most debated and poorly understood macroecological patterns. Numerous studies have challenged both its universality and the main mechanism originally proposed to explain it, i.e. the climatic variability hypothesis. Here we study this pattern on a group of fossil marine organisms: the early Pliensbachian ammonites of the western Tethys. We further take into account the influence of the marked provincialism prevailing at that time, with a Mediterranean province (MED) and a Northwest European province (NWE) located on each side of a latitudinally-oriented palaeobiogeographic barrier. We find that only species from the NWE province display a Rapoport effect, whereas species from the more tropical MED province show a boundary effect and have larger range sizes in average. This dual pattern can be explained by an alternative climatic variability hypothesis that better captures latitudinal seasonal variations and outlines the influence of the intertropical zone, characterized by stable and homogeneous climate that allows species to disperse over very large areas, regardless of their thermal tolerance. Accordingly, the NWE province probably displayed a gradient of seasonal climatic variations which caused the emergence of a Rapoport effect, whereas the MED province was probably located in the intertropical zone where no gradient in species range size is expected. Our multi-scale approach further shows that the Rapoport effect is scale dependent and may be labile through time. This probably explains the conflicting results of previous studies carried out at various spatio-temporal scales.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.