Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
6,569
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
6,569 results for “Long-term”
Long-term reconstruction of satellite-based precipitation, soil moisture, and snow water equivalent in China
<p>A daily 0.1<sup>°</sup> dataset of precipitation (<em>P</em>), soil moisture (SM), and snow water equivalent (SWE) in 1981-2017 across China.</p>
Synthesizing Multiple Long-Term Datasets to Test Flow Ecology Relationships
<p>This database is comprised of time series of fish abundances at stream and river sites across the contiguous United States, along with associated hydrologic and land cover metrics. The database has been assembled in order to test hypothesized fish flow-ecology relationships across diverse species assemblages and riverine contexts. Methods for compilation of the database and additional information can be found in two accompanying files: "SynthesizingDatasetsForFlowEcology_v1_0_0.pdf" contains detailed methodology and results, and "ReadMe_FishFlow_v1_0_0.csv" contains information about the variables found within each database file. This project was funded by a US Army Corps of Engineers contract to the US Geological Survey, with a subcontract to the University of Georgia. Please note, the contract number for this project is G21AC10482, not G21AS00529 as is stated in the summary document (SynthesizingDatasetsForFlowEcology_v1_0_0.pdf).</p>
Data for Ecology Letters paper: Jack-of-all-trades paradigm meets long-term data: generalist herbivores are more widespread and locally less abundant.
<p>Data, R-code, and meta-data document for a 2022 paper in Ecology Letters that examines assumptions about associations between local abundance and dietary specialization using an 18-year dataset of caterpillar-plant interactions in Ecuador. </p>
The Social Cost of Carbon: Advances in Long-Term Probabilistic Projections of Population, GDP, Emissions, and Discount Rates
<p>This repository contains the socioeconomic and emissions projections generated by the Resources for the Future Socioeconomic Projections (RFF-SPs) model as discussed in Rennert et al., "<a href="https://www.rff.org/publications/working-papers/the-social-cost-of-carbon-advances-in-long-term-probabilistic-projections-of-population-gdp-emissions-and-discount-rates/">The Social Cost of Carbon: Advances in Long-Term Probabilistic Projections of Population, GDP, Emissions, and Discount Rates</a>" , forthcoming at the <em>Brookings Papers on Economic Activity</em>. The data take the form of a Monte Carlo simulation with n = 10,000 draws.</p> <p>File structure and column metadata are described here: </p> <p>--- <br> emissions/ <br> --- </p> <p>- rffsp_co2_emissions.csv <br> - rffsp_ch4_emissions.csv <br> - rffsp_n2o_emissions.csv </p> <p>Each file in this folder contains 3 columns: sample, year, and value. For each row: </p> <p>- sample contains the number identifying which draw a prediction belongs to (from 1 to 10,000). <br> - year contains the calendar year of the prediction. <br> - value contains the projected annual global emissions of the gas specified in the filename. IMPORTANT: Units are as follows: "rffsp_co2_emissions.csv" is in gigatons C (not CO2), "rffsp_ch4_emissions.csv " is in megatons CH4, and "rffsp_n2o_emissions.csv " is in megatons N2 (not N2O). </p> <p>--- <br> pop_income/ <br> --- </p> <p>- rffsp_pop_income_run_1.feather <br> - rffsp_pop_income_run_2.feather <br> - rffsp_pop_income_run_3.feather <br> . <br> . <br> . <br> - rffsp_pop_income_run_9999.feather <br> - rffsp_pop_income_run_10000.feather </p> <p>This folder contains 10,000 files in the .feather file format (https://arrow.apache.org/docs/python/feather.html), which is optimized for I/O speed and compressed to minimize storage requirements. Each file corresponds to one draw of our socioeconomic data, and contains 4 columns: Country, Year, Pop, and GDP. The number in each filename corresponds to the "sample" column in the emissions data. For each row:</p> <p>- Country contains the ISO Alpha-3 code (https://www.iso.org/iso-3166-country-codes.html) of the country whose GDP and population are projected. <br> - Year contains the calendar year of the predictions. <br> - Pop contains the projected population for a given country and year, in units of thousands of people. <br> - GDP contains the projected GDP for a given country and year, in units of millions of 2011 USD. </p> <p>--- </p> <p>The probabilistic population projections were produced by Adrian E. Raftery and Hana Ševčíková (University of Washington), using the methods described by Raftery and Ševčíková (2021). Please cite this reference in any publications using these projections. Their research was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) under NIH grant number R01 HD-070936. </p> <p>The probabilistic economic and emissions projections are from Rennert et al. (forthcoming), based in part on those from Müller, Stock, and Watson (forthcoming). </p> <p>---</p> <p><strong>References </strong></p> <p>Müller, U.K, Stock, J.H., and Watson, M.W. (forthcoming). An Econometric Model of International Growth Dynamics for Long-Horizon Forecasting. The Review of Economics and Statistics, available online 30 October 2020. URL: <a href="https://direct.mit.edu/rest/article-abstract/doi/10.1162/rest_a_00997/97738/An-Econometric-Model-of-International-Growth">https://direct.mit.edu/rest/article-abstract/doi/10.1162/rest_a_00997/97738/An-Econometric-Model-of-International-Growth</a> </p> <p>Raftery, A.E. and Ševčíková, H. (2021). Probabilistic population forecasting: Short to very long-term. International Journal of Forecasting, available online 7 October 2021. URL: <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169207021001394">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169207021001394</a> </p> <p>Rennert, K., Prest, B.C., Pizer, W., Newell, R.G., Anthoff, D., Kingdon, C., Rennels, L., Cooke, R., Raftery, A.E., Ševčíková, H, and Errickson, F. (forthcoming). The Social Cost of Carbon: Advances in Long-Term Probabilistic Projections of Population, GDP, Emissions, and Discount Rates. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. Available online 27 October 2021. URL: <a href="https://www.rff.org/publications/working-papers/the-social-cost-of-carbon-advances-in-long-term-probabilistic-projections-of-population-gdp-emissions-and-discount-rates/">https://www.rff.org/publications/working-papers/the-social-cost-of-carbon-advances-in-long-term-probabilistic-projections-of-population-gdp-emissions-and-discount-rates/ </a></p>
The Impact of an Open Water Balance Assumption on Understanding the Factors Controlling the Long-term Streamflow Components
<p>The excel file <em>Attributes_manuscript.csv</em> contains the mean annual variables and the catchments' attributes used in the manuscript: "<strong>The Impact of an Open Water Balance Assumption on Understanding the Factors Controlling the Long-term Streamflow Components</strong>". Details of each attributes are indicated in the .txt file <em>Attributes_description.txt</em>.</p>
Revisiting the cumulative effects of drought on global gross primary productivity based on new long-term series data (1982-2018)
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> Drought has broad and deep impacts on vegetation. Studies on the effects of drought on vegetation have been conducted over years. However, global-scale and long-term (>30 years) studies on the cumulative<strong> </strong>effect of drought are still lacking. Thus, combining a new satellite based gross primary productivity (GPP) and multi-timescale Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index datasets, we investigated the cumulative effect of drought on global vegetation GPP.</p> <p><strong>Location: </strong>Global.</p> <p><strong>Time period: </strong>1982 – 2018 (37 years).</p> <p><strong>Major taxa studied: </strong>Forests and grasslands.</p> <p><strong>Method: </strong>Based on correlation analysis framework, we investigated the cumulative effect duration of drought on global vegetation GPP. Meanwhile, the variability of this cumulative effect across different elevation gradients and climatic zones was analyzed using variance analysis.</p>
Dataset for "Long-term fluxes of carbonyl sulfide and their seasonality and interannual variability in a boreal forest"
<p>The final dataset used in manuscript "Long-term fluxes of carbonyl sulfide and their seasonality and interannual variability in a boreal forest" by Vesala et al. (2022). The dataset contains carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon dioxide (CO2) eddy covariance flux data and in-situ meteorological data measured at Hyytiälä forest in Juupajoki, Southern Finland, as well as meteorological drivers for SiB4 simulations and SiB4 simulated COS flux at the Hyytiälä grid cell from January 2013 to December 2017. Raw data are available upon request from the author.</p>
Data for Horowitz et al. (2022). The Energy System Transformation Needed to Achieve the U.S. Long-Term Strategy
<p>Data repository for Horowitz, et al. 2022, "The Energy System Transformation Needed to Achieve the U.S. Long-Term Strategy"</p> <p>All data shown in the paper is included here. Data includes results from:</p> <p>1. U.S. LTS GCAM scenarios (labeled "GCAM")<br> 2. U.S. LTS NEMS scenarios (labeled "NEMS")<br> 3. Princeton's Net-Zero America scenarios (labeled "NZA")<sup>a</sup><br> 4. Williams et al. (2020) scenarios (labeled "Williams")<sup>b</sup></p> <p><br> Results are included in the following files:</p> <p>1. waterfall.csv - Figure 1. Emissions decomposition by scenario. GCAM only.<br> 2. clean_fuels.csv - Figure 2. Clean fuel (bioliquids, biogas, and blue/green hydrogen) consumption. All models.<br> 3. coal.csv - Figure 2. Primary energy consumption of coal without CCS. All models.<br> 4. ZEV_stock.csv - Figure 2. Zero-emission vehicle percentage of light-duty vehicle stock. All models.<br> 5. ghg_by_type.csv - Figure 3. Greenhouse gas emissions by gas/source. GCAM only.</p> <p> </p> <p>Reference:</p> <p>a) Larson, E., Greig, C., Jenkins, J.,Mayfield, E., Pascale, A., Zhang, C., Drossman, J., Williams, R., Pacala, S., Socolow, R., et al. (2021). Net-zero America: Potential pathways, infrastructure, and impacts. (Princeton University).</p> <p>b) Williams, J. H., Jones, R. A., Haley, B., Kwok, G., Hargreaves, J., Farbes, J., & Torn, M. S. (2021). Carbon-Neutral Pathways for the United States. AGU Advances, 2, e2020AV000284. <a href="https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000284">https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000284</a>.</p>
Data from: Long-term and year-to-year stability and its drivers in a Mediterranean grassland
<p><span>Understanding the mechanisms underlying community stability has become an urgent need in order to protect ecosystems from global change and resulting biodiversity loss. While community stability can be influenced by richness, synchrony in annual fluctuations of species, species stability and functional traits, the relative contributions of these drivers to stability are still unclear. In semi-natural grasslands, land-use changes such as fertilization might affect stability by decreasing richness and influencing year-to-year fluctuations. In addition, they can promote long-term directional trends, shifting community composition and influencing grassland maintenance. Thus, it is important to consider how species and community stability vary year-to-year but also in the long term. </span></p> <p><span>Using a 14-year vegetation time series of a species-rich semi-natural Mediterranean grassland, we studied the relative importance of richness, synchrony, species stability and functional traits on community stability. To assess land-use change effects on stability, we applied a fertilization treatment. To distinguish stability patterns produced by year-to-year fluctuations from those caused by long-term trends, we compared the results obtained using a detrending approach from those without detrending. </span></p> <p><span>Stability is influenced by richness, synchrony and functional traits. Fertilization decreases species and community stability by promoting long-term trends in species composition, favouring competitive species and decreasing richness. Studying stability at the community and species level, and accounting for the effect of trends is essential to understand stability and its drivers more comprehensively.</span></p>
Long-term simulation of snow cover and its potential impacts on seasonal frost dynamics in croplands across southern Canada
<p><em>In northern climes, accurate simulation of thermal and hydrological budgets for farmlands during overwintering conditions is crucial to both an accurate prediction of spring flooding and the successful management of nutrient losses. As snow cover influences soil freezing dynamics, it has been hypothesized that reduced snow cover due to warmer winters might increase the depth and duration of frozen soil conditions. Nonetheless, such impacts remain poorly understood and, given the difficulty in measuring the depth of frozen soil, no long-term field experiment has documented these potential effects. The present study was designed to test this hypothesis. Drawing upon observed snow depth and soil temperature data collected from six research farms across Southern Canada over various time spans from 1989 to 2020, the Root Zone Water Quality Model, integrated with the Simultaneous Heat and Water model, was calibrated and validated. The potential influence of warmer winter on shifts in soil frost dynamics was evaluated by estimating the depth and duration of frozen soil for each farmland site under various RCP temperature scenarios using the RZ-SHAW model. Soil frozen depth in Eastern site increased with the increase of RCP temperature scenarios in some years, but decreased under the highest RCP temperature scenario. The monthly relationship between snow depth and soil frozen depth was determined through partial correlation analysis. Snow was most effective in alleviating soil freezing in the months of January and February, a period when snow cover depth was least affected by warming air temperatures. This paper suggests that Global warming induced-snow cover reduction would be site-specific and is </em>more likely to occur in <em>regions where energy lost through reduced snow cover would outweigh the energy gained through warmer air temperature.</em></p>
Food web rewiring drives long-term compositional differences and late-disturbance interactions at the community level
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Ecological communities are constantly exposed to multiple natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Multivariate composition (if recovered) has been found to need significantly more time to be regained after pulsed disturbance compared to univariate diversity metrics and functional endpoints. However, the mechanisms driving the different recovery times of communities to single and multiple disturbances remain unexplored. Here, we apply for the first time quantitative ecological network analyses to try to elucidate the mechanisms driving long-term community composition dissimilarity and late-stage disturbance interactions at the community level. For this, we evaluate the effects of two pesticides, nutrients enrichment and their interactions in outdoor mesocosms containing a complex freshwater community. We found changes in interactions strength to be strongly related to compositional changes and identified post-disturbance interaction strength rewiring to be responsible for most of the observed compositional changes. Additionally, we found pesticides interactions to be significant in the long term only when both interactions strength and food web architecture are reshaped by the disturbances. We suggest that quantitative network analysis has the potential to unveil ecological processes that prevent long-term community recovery.</p> <p><strong>Significance Statement</strong></p> <p>Multiple anthropogenic disturbances affect the structure and functioning of communities. Recent evidence highlighted that, after pulse disturbance, the functioning a community performs may be recovered fast due to functional redundancy, whereas community multivariate composition needs longer time. Yet, the mechanisms that drive the different community recovery times have not been quantified empirically. We use quantitative food web analysis to assess the influence of species interactions on community recovery. We found species interactions strength to be the main mechanism driving differences between structural and functional recovery. Additionally, we show that interactions between multiple disturbances appear in the long term only when both species interaction strength and food web architecture change significantly.</p> <p>Please see the "readme" sheet in the datafile for a description of the file structure and treatments abreviations.</p>
Dataset: Long-term Change in Metabolism Phenology in North Temperate Lakes
<p>Scripts, model configurations and outputs to process the data and recreate the figures from Ladwig, R., Appling, A., Delany, A., Dugan, H.A., Gao, L., Lottig, N., Stachelek, J., Hanson, P.C.: Long-term Change in Metabolism Phenology in North-Temperate Lakes.</p> <p>This repository includes the setup and output from the metabolism model ran on the lakes Allequash, Big Muskellunge, Crystal, Fish, Mendota, Monona, Sparkling and Trout. Scripts to run the model are located under /src (odem_min_indexed_sed.stan, run_odem_chtc_sed.R, stan_utility.R, stan_utility_chtc.R) together with the scripts to create the driver data, 0_Model_Input.R, and the processed results for the discussion of the paper, 1_Postprocessing.R. Addtionally, all scripts to recreate the figures from the manuscript are also included in /src.</p> <p>The figures are located under /Figures and processed output under /Processed_Output.</p>
No evidence that grooming is exchanged for coalitionary support in the short- or long-term via direct or generalized reciprocity in unrelated rhesus macaques
<p>Reciprocity is a prominent explanation for cooperation between non-kin. Studies seeking to demonstrate reciprocity often focus on direct reciprocity in the timescale of minutes to hours, whereas alternative mechanisms like generalised reciprocity and the possibility of reciprocation over longer timescales of months and years are less often explored. Using a playback experiment, we tested for evidence of direct and generalised reciprocity, across short and longer timescales. We examined the exchange of grooming for coalitionary support between female rhesus macaques in a population with a complete genetic pedigree. Females that received grooming were not more responsive to calls for coalitionary support from female groupmates compared to control females that received agonism or no interaction – even when the call belonged to a females' most recent grooming partner. Similarly, females were not more responsive to calls for support from their most frequent grooming partner of the last two years, nor if they received large amounts of grooming from all other females in their group. We interpret these results as an absence of evidence for direct or generalised reciprocity on any timescale in the exchange of grooming for coalitionary support in rhesus macaques. If grooming is exchanged for support in this population, it is with an intensity below our ability to detect or over a longer timescale than we examined. We propose by-product explanations may be responsible and highlight the importance of investigating multiple mechanisms when testing apparently cooperative behaviours.</p>
Data from: Long-term cattle grazing shifts the ecological state of forest soils
<p><span>Cattle grazing profoundly affects abiotic and biotic characteristics of ecosystems. While most research has been performed on grasslands, the effect of large managed ungulates on forest ecosystems has largely been neglected.</span></p> <p><span>Compared to a baseline semi-natural state, we investigated how long-term cattle grazing of birch forest patches affected the abiotic state and the ecological community (microbes and invertebrates) of the soil subsystem.</span></p> <p><span>Grazing strongly modified the soil abiotic environment by increasing phosphorus content, pH and bulk density, while reducing the C:N ratio. The reduced C:N-ratio was strongly associated with a lower microbial biomass, mainly caused by a reduction of fungal biomass. This was linked to a decrease in fungivorous nematode abundance and the nematode channel index, indicating </span><span>a relative </span><span>uplift in the importance of the bacterial energy-channel in the nematode assemblages. </span></p> <p><span>Cattle grazing highly modified invertebrate community composition producing distinct assemblages from the semi-natural situation. Richness and abundance of microarthropods was consistently reduced by grazing (excepting collembolan richness) and grazing-associated changes in soil pH, Olsen P and reduced soil pore volume (bulk density) limiting niche space and refuge from physical disturbance. Anecic earthworm species predominated in grazed patches, but were absent from ungrazed forest, and may benefit from manure inputs, while their deep vertical burrowing behaviour protects them from physical disturbance.</span></p> <p><span>Perturbation of birch forest habitat by long-term ungulate grazing profoundly modified soil biodiversity, either </span><span>directly through increased physical disturbance and manure input or indirectly by modifying soil abiotic conditions.</span><span> Comparative analyses revealed the ecosystem engineering potential of large ungulate grazers in forest systems through major shifts in the composition and structure of microbial and invertebrate assemblages, including the potential for reduced energy flow through the fungal decomposition pathway. The precise consequences for species trophic interactions and biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships remains to be established, however. </span></p>
Fig. 1. The potential distribution map for B in Long-Term Bioclimatic Modelling The Distribution Of The Fire-Bellied Toad, Bombina Bombina (Anura, Bombinatoridae), Under The Influence Of Global Climate Change
Fig. 1. The potential distribution map for B. bombina under contemporary climatic conditions. The colour gradient represents high (red) to low (green) habitat suitability for the species.
Fig. 4. The potential distribution map for B. bombina under projected 2050 in Long-Term Bioclimatic Modelling The Distribution Of The Fire-Bellied Toad, Bombina Bombina (Anura, Bombinatoridae), Under The Influence Of Global Climate Change
Fig. 4. The potential distribution map for B. bombina under projected 2050 climatic conditions. The colour gradient represents high (red) to low (green) habitat suitability for the species.
Fig 3 in Long-Term Bioclimatic Modelling The Distribution Of The Fire-Bellied Toad, Bombina Bombina (Anura, Bombinatoridae), Under The Influence Of Global Climate Change
Fig 3. Response curve showing how the logistic prediction changes as the environmental variable Bio2 (Mean diurnal temperature range, oC, X-axis) is varied, keeping all other environmental variables at their average sample value. The curve shows the mean response of the 10 replicate Maxent runs (red) and and the mean +/– one standard deviation (blue).
MR Gradient System Long-Term Stability Investigation and Protocol Optimization for Quality Control using Gradient Impulse Response Function (GIRF)
<p>The dataset of the abstract "MR Gradient System Long-Term Stability Investigation and Protocol Optimization for Quality Control using Gradient Impulse Response Function (GIRF)" for ISMRM 2022, London, UK. The data processing code with instructions could be found <a href="https://github.com/BRAIN-TO/girfISMRM2022">here</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p>Meas1.zip and Meas2.zip contain the first and the second measurements of the raw T2* decay signal acquired with the phantom-based method. Note that the coil dimension has been averaged to save data volume for demonstration purposes. This will lead to a lower SNR of the calculated output gradient and GIRF.</p> <p> </p> <p>CalculatedGIRF.zip provides the author's pre-calculated GIRFs using the data without coil averaging. This data is used for all the postprocessing (e.g. SNR and stability analysis, etc.) in the published abstract with the source code provided in the same Github repository.</p> <p> </p>
Enzymatic digestion method development for long-term stored chitinaceous planktonic samples - Data
<table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Data for Carrillo-Barragán, Priscilla, Heather Sugden, Catherine Scott, and Clare Fitzsimmons. 2022.<br> “Enzymatic Digestion Method Development for Long-Term Stored Chitinaceous Planktonic Samples.”<br> Marine Pollution Bulletin. </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Data set from long-term wind and acceleration monitoring of the Gjemnessund Bridge
<p>The Gjemnessund Bridge has been monitored by accelerometers and anemometers for almost ten years. The data collected between 2013 and 2018 are now available in this open-access research entry, for free access and download. The data is collected in two h5-files (hierachical data format), with sampling rates 2 Hz and 10 Hz, downsampled from the raw sampling rate of 200 Hz. Some minimal signal processing is applied to the data in line with that applied to the Hardanger Bridge data described in Fenerci et al. (2021) and the Bergsøysund Bridge data described in Kvåle et al. (2022). The structure of the data is identical to that of the latter reference, which is described in a preprint appended to that research entry. The Python package opyndata available on GitHub contains useful tools compatible with the format of the dataset, for data import, processing and visualization.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.