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Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron micrographs of multicarpellate and apocarpous floral structures from the Early Cretaceous Puddledock locality, Virginia, USA (a, b: PP43701, Puddledock sample 001; c: PP43000x, Puddledock sample 073). a) Anacostia? sp., strongly compressed, elongated receptacle with spirally arranged carpels (red dots; not all shown); note larger size compared to the other floral structures; b) Numerous Anacostia type pollen grains in proximal view from the base of floral structure in (a); note graded reticulum over the proximal pole of the pollen grains; c) Elongated receptacle with numerous carpels in a spiral arrangement, possibly representing an earlier developmental stage of Anacostia? sp. Scale bars = 1 mm (a, c), 10 µm (b). in Multiparted, Apocarpous Flowers From The Early Cretaceous Of Eastern North America And Portugal
Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron micrographs of multicarpellate and apocarpous floral structures from the Early Cretaceous Puddledock locality, Virginia, USA (a, b: PP43701, Puddledock sample 001; c: PP43000x, Puddledock sample 073). a) Anacostia? sp., strongly compressed, elongated receptacle with spirally arranged carpels (red dots; not all shown); note larger size compared to the other floral structures; b) Numerous Anacostia type pollen grains in proximal view from the base of floral structure in (a); note graded reticulum over the proximal pole of the pollen grains; c) Elongated receptacle with numerous carpels in a spiral arrangement, possibly representing an earlier developmental stage of Anacostia? sp. Scale bars = 1 mm (a, c), 10 µm (b).
Text-fig. 5. Distribution of Taxodioxylon gypsaceum in the Miocene (solid circles) and distribution (open circles) of its nearest representatives at present (Sequoia sempervirens, Sequoiadendron giganteum and Metasequoia glyptostroboides) (Eckenwalder 2009, Farjon 2010). in The First Glyptostroboxylon And Taxodioxylon Descriptions From The Late Miocene Of Turkey And Palaeoclimatological Evaluation
Text-fig. 5. Distribution of Taxodioxylon gypsaceum in the Miocene (solid circles) and distribution (open circles) of its nearest representatives at present (Sequoia sempervirens, Sequoiadendron giganteum and Metasequoia glyptostroboides) (Eckenwalder 2009, Farjon 2010).
Text-fig. 2. Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov., fruits from Kisinger Lakes flora, Wyoming. a: Lateral view of fruit on long pedicel. Note the two lateral wings and pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix. UF 19376-60038. b: Lateral view of fruit on long, bent pedicel. Note the perianth scar at the base of the fruit (arrow). UF 19376-60023a. c: Lateral view of fruit on long, slightly bent pedicel. Note the pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix, and in Winged Fruits Of Rutaceous Affinity From The Eocene Of Western North America
Text-fig. 2. Quinquala obovata gen. et sp. nov., fruits from Kisinger Lakes flora, Wyoming. a: Lateral view of fruit on long pedicel. Note the two lateral wings and pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix. UF 19376-60038. b: Lateral view of fruit on long, bent pedicel. Note the perianth scar at the base of the fruit (arrow). UF 19376-60023a. c: Lateral view of fruit on long, slightly bent pedicel. Note the pair of longitudinal grooves representing wings extending into the matrix, and
Text-fig. 2. Mandibular material of ursids from the locality Šandalja I (Croatia). All specimens represent U. t. mediterraneus. a: fragment of right hemimandible (specimen B; 1 – lingual, 2 – buccal, 3 – dorsal view), b: mesial fragment of right hemimandible (specimen D; 1 – lingual, 2 – buccal, 3 – dorsal view), c: mesial fragment of left hemimandible with canine (specimen F; 1 – lingual, 2 – buccal, 3 – dorsal view), d: rostral fragment of mandible (specimen E; dorsal view). in Šandalja I (Croatia) And
Text-fig. 2. Mandibular material of ursids from the locality Šandalja I (Croatia). All specimens represent U. t. mediterraneus. a: fragment of right hemimandible (specimen B; 1 – lingual, 2 – buccal, 3 – dorsal view), b: mesial fragment of right hemimandible (specimen D; 1 – lingual, 2 – buccal, 3 – dorsal view), c: mesial fragment of left hemimandible with canine (specimen F; 1 – lingual, 2 – buccal, 3 – dorsal view), d: rostral fragment of mandible (specimen E; dorsal view).
Text-fig. 4. Frequency diagram of metric variation (M1 length = M1U) in samples of Apodemus spp. representing particular Pleistocene biozones (MN 17 – Q 3), compared to variation span in the Recent samples of A. uralensis, A. sylvaticus and A. flavicollis (a heading strip). in Genus Apodemus In The Pleistocene Of Central Europe: When Did The Extant Taxa Appear?
Text-fig. 4. Frequency diagram of metric variation (M1 length = M1U) in samples of Apodemus spp. representing particular Pleistocene biozones (MN 17 – Q 3), compared to variation span in the Recent samples of A. uralensis, A. sylvaticus and A. flavicollis (a heading strip).
Text-fig. 5. Frequency diagram of metric variation (m1 lenght = m1L) in samples of Apodemus spp. representing particular Pleistocene biozones (MN 17 – Q 3), compared to variation span in the Recent samples of A. uralensis, A. sylvaticus and A. flavicollis (a heading strip). in Genus Apodemus In The Pleistocene Of Central Europe: When Did The Extant Taxa Appear?
Text-fig. 5. Frequency diagram of metric variation (m1 lenght = m1L) in samples of Apodemus spp. representing particular Pleistocene biozones (MN 17 – Q 3), compared to variation span in the Recent samples of A. uralensis, A. sylvaticus and A. flavicollis (a heading strip).
Text-fig. 7. Metacheiromys marshi, USNM-P 452349, basicranium isosurface from CT scans in oblique ventral view, showing middle ear ossicles as preserved. On the specimen's left side, the ossicles are essentially in life position, with the stapes largely hidden in the fenestra vestibuli; the left malleus is broken and represented largely by the mallear head. On the specimen's right side, most of the floor of auditory bulla has been removed to expose the malleus, which has shifted posteriorly from the life position. Abbreviations: aptt – anteroventral process of tegmen tympani, bo – basioccipital, bs – basisphenoid, eam – squamosal roof of external acoustic meatus, eo – exoccipital, gf – glenoid fossa, i – incus, m – malleus, mh – mallear head, oc – occipital condyle, pr – promontorium of petrosal, sh – stapedial head, tm – part of tubular external acoustic meatus. in Skeletal Anatomy Of The Basicranium And Auditory Region In The Metacheiromyid Palaeanodont Metacheiromys (Mammalia, Pholidotamorpha) Based On High-Resolution Ct Scans
Text-fig. 7. Metacheiromys marshi, USNM-P 452349, basicranium isosurface from CT scans in oblique ventral view, showing middle ear ossicles as preserved. On the specimen's left side, the ossicles are essentially in life position, with the stapes largely hidden in the fenestra vestibuli; the left malleus is broken and represented largely by the mallear head. On the specimen's right side, most of the floor of auditory bulla has been removed to expose the malleus, which has shifted posteriorly from the life position. Abbreviations: aptt – anteroventral process of tegmen tympani, bo – basioccipital, bs – basisphenoid, eam – squamosal roof of external acoustic meatus, eo – exoccipital, gf – glenoid fossa, i – incus, m – malleus, mh – mallear head, oc – occipital condyle, pr – promontorium of petrosal, sh – stapedial head, tm – part of tubular external acoustic meatus.
Text-fig. 8. Line drawings of third molars from the upper part of the Nagri Formation; 8a–b and 8e–g are referred to Karnimata fejfari, 8c and 8h are referred to Progonomys hussaini, and 8d represents Progonomys morganae. a) left m3 YGSP 34573, b) right m3 YGSP 34568, c) right m3 YGSP 34574, d) left M3 YGSP 34033 from Y 259, e) right M3 YGSP 34595, f) right M3 YGSP 34596, g) right M3 YGSP 33197 from Y 450, h) right M3 YGSP 34597. All teeth drawn to same scale, anterior is upward; black shading represents dentine exposed by wear; hatching on 8d represents breakage. in Early Late Miocene Murine Rodents From The Upper Part Of The Nagri Formation, Siwalik Group, Pakistan, With A New Fossil Calibration Point For The Tribe Apodemurini (Apodemus/Tokudaia)
Text-fig. 8. Line drawings of third molars from the upper part of the Nagri Formation; 8a–b and 8e–g are referred to Karnimata fejfari, 8c and 8h are referred to Progonomys hussaini, and 8d represents Progonomys morganae. a) left m3 YGSP 34573, b) right m3 YGSP 34568, c) right m3 YGSP 34574, d) left M3 YGSP 34033 from Y 259, e) right M3 YGSP 34595, f) right M3 YGSP 34596, g) right M3 YGSP 33197 from Y 450, h) right M3 YGSP 34597. All teeth drawn to same scale, anterior is upward; black shading represents dentine exposed by wear; hatching on 8d represents breakage.
FIGURE 1. Buthacus Birula, 1908, representative habitats. A in Systematic Revision Of The Sand Scorpions, Genus Buthacus Birula, 1908 (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) Of The Levant, With Redescription Of Buthacus Arenicola (Simon, 1885) From Algeria And Tunisia
FIGURE 1. Buthacus Birula, 1908, representative habitats. A. Mamshit [Kurnub], Israel, habitat of Buthacus amitaii, sp. nov. B. Naftah to Ong Jmal, Tunisia, habitat of Buthacus arenicola (Simon, 1885). C. Faiyum Oasis, Egypt, habitat of Buthacus leptochelys (Ehrenberg, 1829). D. Ashdod Nizzanim Nature Reserve, Israel, habitat of Buthacus nitzani Levy et al., 1973, stat. nov. E. Yotvata, Israel, habitat of Buthacus arava, sp. nov., and Buthacus yotvatensis Levy et al., 1973, stat. rev. F. Be'er Milka, Israel, Holot Haluza sand dunes, Israel, habitat of Buthacus levyi, sp. nov., and B. nitzani.
Fig. 53. Some recent morphology-based phylogenetic analyses that investigated monstersaurian interrelationships. Note that C represents only a in Osteology Of Gobiderma Pulchrum (Monstersauria, Lepidosauria, Reptilia)
Fig. 53. Some recent morphology-based phylogenetic analyses that investigated monstersaurian interrelationships. Note that C represents only a subset of the 222 taxa included by Conrad (2008).
Figure 1 in Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Psammomitra (Ciliophora, Urostylida) should represent an urostylid family, based on small subunit rRNA and alpha-tubulin gene sequence information
Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Psammomitra retractilis (F–J, from Song & Warren, 1996). A, B, F, individuals in extended states to show the typical body shapes. Arrowheads in (A) mark the long, dominant membranelles. C, lateral view of a contracted specimen. D, posterior part, to demonstrate the long dorsal cilia. E, anterior part. Arrowheads indicate the long membranelles, whereas arrows mark the dorsal cilia. G, H, dorsal and lateral views of contracted cells. I, J, ventral and dorsal views to show the infraciliature and macronuclear nodules. Scale bars: A, C, D, F = 40 Mm; E = 30 Mm.
Figure 3 in Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Psammomitra (Ciliophora, Urostylida) should represent an urostylid family, based on small subunit rRNA and alpha-tubulin gene sequence information
Figure 3. Maximum parsimony phylogeny of small subunit rRNA genes. Psammomitra is highlighted in black, and holostichids are enclosed in rectangles. Thick branches and arrows denote position of investigated species. Numbers on branches are values generated from 1000 bootstrap replicates.
Figure 2 in Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Psammomitra (Ciliophora, Urostylida) should represent an urostylid family, based on small subunit rRNA and alpha-tubulin gene sequence information
Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree based on small subunit rRNA sequences showing the position of Psammomitra retractilis, by Bayesian inferences applying the GTR + G + I model. '-' reflects disagreement between a method and the reference Bayesian tree at a given node. The fully supported (1.00/100%/100%) branches are marked with solid circles. Psammomitra is shaded black, and holostichids are enclosed in rectangles. Thick branches and arrows denote position of investigated species. The scale bar corresponds to five substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions. Infraciliature of Oxytricha and Uroleptus (from Foissner et al., 2004), Amphisiella (from Li et al., 2007), Trachelostyla (from Gong et al., 2006), and Holosticha (from Hu & Song, 2001) are also shown.
Figure 4 in Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Psammomitra (Ciliophora, Urostylida) should represent an urostylid family, based on small subunit rRNA and alpha-tubulin gene sequence information
Figure 4. Bayesian trees based on different data sets showing phylogenetic relationships amongst Spirotrichea. '-' reflects disagreement between the maximum likelihood/ maximum parsimony method and the reference Bayesian tree at a given node. The fully supported (1.00/100%/100%) branches are marked with solid circles. Species sequenced in the present study are shown in bold type. The scale bar corresponds to 10/2 substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions. A, phylogenetic analyses inferred from alpha-tubulin gene sequences data set. B, phylogenetic analyses inferred from alpha-tubulin amino acids data set.
Figure 9 in On the osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the Pseudasturidae - Lower Eocene stem-group representatives of parrots (Aves, Psittaciformes)
Figure 9. Distal end of left tarsometatarsus of psittaciform birds in comparison (plantar view). (A) cf. Pseudastur macrocephalus (Pseudasturidae, BMNH A 6184; Eocene) (B) Quercypsitta sudrei (Quercypsittidae; Upper Eocene), after Mourer- Chauviré (1992); (C) cf. Psittacopes (unnamed higher-level taxon; Lower Eocene), after Mayr & Daniels (1998: pl. 5, Fig. 16a); (D) Myiopsitta monachus (Psittacidae; recent). The arrows indicate the furrow for the tendon of musculus flexor perforatus digiti IV. Scale bars equal 5 mm.
Figure 8 in On the osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the Pseudasturidae - Lower Eocene stem-group representatives of parrots (Aves, Psittaciformes)
Figure 8. Phylogenetic relationships between the Pseudasturidae Mayr (1998a), the Eocene Quercypsittidae Mourer- Chauviré (1992), the Eocene psittaciform taxon Psittacopes Mayr & Daniels (1998) and the crown-group Psittacidae. (A) the phylogeny proposed in this study; (B) the result of a cladistic analysis by Dyke & Cooper (2000). The nodes in (A) are supported by the following derived characters: Node 1: (1) corpus of cranial thoracic vertebrae strongly mediolaterally compressed; (2) proximal end of tibiotarsus with ridge along medial side, opposite to crista fibularis; (3) distal end of tibiotarsus with proximo-distally short condyles which are separated by a wide incisura intercondylaris; (4) trochlea metatarsi III much wider in mediolateral than in dorsoplantar direction, with a distinct groove between the rims, dorsal surface not significantly raised above dorsal surface of the shaft; (5) furrow on distal end of tarsometatarsus, between dorsal side of trochlea metatarsi IV and incisura intertrochlearis lateralis. Node 2: (1) furrow for tendon of musculus flexor perforatus digiti IV between trochlea accessoria and trochlea metatarsi III.
Figure 7 in On the osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the Pseudasturidae - Lower Eocene stem-group representatives of parrots (Aves, Psittaciformes)
Figure 7. Distal end of left tarsometatarsus in comparison (upper row: distal view, lower row: plantar view). (A) cf. Pseudastur macrocephalus (Pseudasturidae, BMNH A 6184; Eocene) (B) Myiopsitta monachus (Psittacidae; recent); (C) Coua cristata (Cuculidae; recent); (D) Otus scops (Strigiformes; recent); (E) Monasa nigrifrons (Bucconidae; recent); (F) cf. Primozygodactylus sp. (Primoscenidae, Primoscenidae; Eocene), after Mayr (1998b); (G) Zygodactylus grivensis (Zygodactylidae, Piciformes; Miocene), after Mayr (1998b); (H) Lybius bidentatus (Capitonidae, Piciformes; recent). The trochleae metatarsorum II-IV (Roman numerals) and the trochlea accessoria (Acc) are indicated. Arabic numerals indicate: 1 – tendineal furrow along medial side of basis of trochlea metatarsi IV; 2 – furrow for tendon of musculus flexor perforatus digiti IV. Scale bars equal 5 mm.
Figure 6 in On the osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the Pseudasturidae - Lower Eocene stem-group representatives of parrots (Aves, Psittaciformes)
Figure 6. Proximal end of right tarsometatarsus in comparison. (A) Pulchrapollia gracilis (Pseudasturidae, BMNH A 6207), the dotted area has been reconstructed after the specimen figured by Mayr (1998a: text-fig. 12); (B) Nymphicus hollandicus (Psittacidae); (C) Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae (Psittacidae); (D) Monasa nigrifrons (Bucconidae); (E) Coua cristata (Cuculidae); (F) Otus scops (Strigiformes). Scale bars equal 2 mm.
Figure 4 in On the osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the Pseudasturidae - Lower Eocene stem-group representatives of parrots (Aves, Psittaciformes)
Figure 4. Right coracoid in comparison. (A) Pseudasturidae gen. et. sp. indet. (BMNH A 6218); (B) Myiopsitta monachus (Psittacidae); (C) Otus scops (Strigiformes); (D) Crotophaga major (Cuculidae). The arrows indicate the foramen nervi supracoracoidei. Scale bars equal 5 mm.
Figure 5 in On the osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the Pseudasturidae - Lower Eocene stem-group representatives of parrots (Aves, Psittaciformes)
Figure 5. Distal end of left humerus (A–D) and proximal end of right ulna (E–I) in comparison. (I) Pulchrapollia gracilis (Pseudasturidae, BMNH A 6207); (B) Myiopsitta monachus (Psittacidae); (C) Monasa nigrifrons (Bucconidae); (D) Coua cristata (Cuculidae); (E) Pulchrapollia gracilis (Pseudasturidae, BMNH A 6207); (F) Otus scops (Strigiformes); (G) Myiopsitta monachus (Psittacidae); (H) Coua cristata (Cuculidae); (I) Monasa nigrifrons (Bucconidae). The numerals indicate: 1 – processus cotylaris dorsalis; 2 – olecr anon Scale bars equal 2 mm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.