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30,334 results for “Responsiveness”
Data from: Multi-taxon inventory reveals highly consistent biodiversity responses to ecospace variation
Amidst the global biodiversity crisis, identifying general principles for variation in biodiversity remains a key challenge. Scientific consensus is limited to a few macroecological rules, such as species richness increasing with area, which provide limited guidance for conservation. In fact, few agreed ecological principles apply at the scale of sites or reserve management, partly because most community-level studies are restricted to single habitat types and species groups. We used the recently proposed ecospace framework and a comprehensive data set for aggregating environmental variation to predict multi-taxon diversity. We studied richness of plants, fungi, and arthropods in 130 sites representing the major terrestrial habitat types in Denmark. We found the abiotic environment (ecospace position) to be pivotal for the richness of primary producers (vascular plants, mosses, and lichens) and, more surprisingly, little support for ecospace continuity as a driver. A peak in richness at intermediate productivity adds new empirical evidence to a long-standing debate over biodiversity responses to productivity. Finally, we discovered a dominant and positive response of fungi and insect richness to organic matter accumulation and diversification (ecospace expansion). Two simple models of producer and consumer richness accounted for 77 % of the variation in multi-taxon species richness suggesting a significant potential for generalization beyond individual species responses. Our study widens the traditional conservation focus on vegetation and vertebrate populations unravelling the importance of diversification of carbon resources for diverse heterotrophs, such as fungi and insects.
AIDER (Aerial Image Dataset for Emergency Response Applications)
<p><strong>AIDER </strong>(<strong>A</strong>erial <strong>I</strong>mage <strong>D</strong>ataset for <strong>E</strong>mergency <strong>R</strong>esponse applications): The dataset construction involved manually collecting all images for four disaster events, namely Fire/Smoke, Flood, Collapsed Building/Rubble, and Traffic Accidents, as well as one class for the Normal case.</p> <p>The aerial images for the disaster events were collected through various online sources (e.g. google images, bing images, youtube, news agencies web sites, etc.) using the keywords ”Aerial View” or ”UAV” or”Drone” and an event such as Fire”,”Earthquake”,”Highway accident”, etc. Images are initially of different sizes but are standardized prior to training. All images where manually inspected to first contain the event that was of interested and then to have the event centered at the image so that any geometric transformations during augmentation would not remove it from the image view. During the data collection process the various disaster events were captured with different resolutions and under various condition with regards to illumination and viewpoint. Finally, to replicate real world scenarios the dataset is imbalanced in the sense that it contains more images from the Normal class.</p> <p>This subset includes around 500 images for each disaster class and over 4000 images for the normal class. This makes it an imbalanced classification problem.</p> <p>It is advised to further enhance the dataset that random augmentations are probabilistically applied to each image prior to adding it to the batch for training. Specifically there are a number of possible transformations such as geometric (rotations, translations, horizontal axis mirroring, cropping and zooming), as well as image manipulations (illumination changes, color shifting, blurring, sharpening, and shadowing).</p>
Preference and familiarity mediate spatial responses of a large herbivore to experimental manipulation of resource availability: datasets
<p>Publicly available dataset for:</p> <p>N. Ranc, P.R. Moorcroft, K.W. Hansen, F. Ossi, T. Sforna, E. Ferraro, A. Brugnoli & F. Cagnacci. 2020. Preference and familiarity mediate spatial responses of a large herbivore to experimental manipulation of resource availability. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68046-7</p>
A Replication Package of Learning Features that Predict Developer Responses for iOS App Store Reviews
<p>This replication package contains the dataset and script used in our paper "<em>Learning Features that Predict Developer Responses for iOS App Store Reviews.</em>" The paper has been accepted at the ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM), 2020. For further modification and versioning of the dataset (as well as the preprint) please go to <a href="https://github.com/Kamonphop/ESEM20-Replication">https://github.com/Kamonphop/ESEM20-Replication</a></p>
Standstill to the beat: Differences in involuntary movement responses to simple and complex rhythms (SOUND STIMULI)
<p>Sound stimuli used in the 2019 "Nordic Championship of Standstill" experiment, presented in the paper titled "Standstill to the beat: Differences in involuntary movement responses to simple and complex rhythms".</p>
Code and data for "Contrasting upper and deep ocean oxygen response to protracted global warming," by Frölicher et al., Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 34, e2020GB006601: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GB006601
<p>This file contains the data and python/NCL scripts that have been used for the analysis in this paper. </p>
Ocean acidification induces distinct transcriptomic responses across life history stages of the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma
Ocean acidification (OA) from seawater uptake of rising carbon dioxide emissions impairs development in marine invertebrates, particularly in calcifying species. Plasticity in gene expression is thought to mediate many of these physiological effects, but how these responses change across life history stages remains unclear. The abbreviated lecithotrophic development of the sea urchin <i>Heliocidaris erythrogramma</i> provides a valuable opportunity to analyze gene expression responses across a wide range of life history stages, including the benthic, post-metamorphic juvenile. We measured the transcriptional response to OA in <i>H. erythrogramma</i> at three stages of the life cycle (embryo, larva, and juvenile) in a controlled breeding design. The results reveal a broad range of strikingly stage-specific impacts of OA on transcription, including changes in the number and identity of affected genes; the magnitude, sign, and variance of their expression response; and the developmental trajectory of expression. The impact of OA on transcription was notably modest in relation to gene expression changes during unperturbed development and dwarfed by genetic contributions from parentage. The latter result suggests that natural populations may provide an extensive genetic reservoir of resilience to OA. Taken together, these results highlight the complexity of the molecular response to OA, its substantial life history stage specificity, and the importance of contextualizing the transcriptional response to pH stress in light of normal development and standing genetic variation to better understand the capacity for marine invertebrates to adapt to OA.
Dataset used for fingerprinting of DNS over HTTPS responses.
<p><strong> </strong>The dataset consists of multiple different data sources:</p> <ol> <li>DoH enabled Firefox on Linux OS</li> <li>DoH enabled Firefox on Windows 10 OS</li> <li>DoH enabled Chrome on Windows 10 OS</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p>We captured the traffic from the DoH enabled web-browsers using tcpdump. To automate the process of traffic generation, we installed Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox into separate virtual machines and controlled them with the Selenium framework shows detailed information about used browsers and environments). Selenium simulates a user's browsing according to the predefined script and a list of domain names (i.e., URLs from Alexa's top websites list in our case). The selenium was configured to visit pages in random order multiple times. For capturing the traffic, we used the default settings of each browser. We did not disable the DNS cache of the browser, and the random order of visiting webpages secures that the dataset contains traces influenced by DNS caching mechanisms. Each virtual machine was configured to export TLS cryptographic keys, that was used for decrypting the traffic using WireShark application. </p> <p>The WireShark text output of the decrypted traffic is provided in the dataset files. The detailed information about each file is provided in dataset README.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Magnitude and predictability of pH fluctuations shape plastic responses to ocean acidification
<p>Phenotypic plasticity is expected to facilitate the persistence of natural populations as global change progresses. The attributes of fluctuating environments that favor the evolution of plasticity have received extensive theoretical investigation, yet empirical validation of these findings is still in its infancy. Here, we combine high-resolution environmental data with a laboratory-based experiment to explore the influence of habitat pH fluctuation dynamics on the plasticity of gene expression in two populations of the Mediterranean mussel, <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>. We linked differences in the magnitude and predictability of pH fluctuations in two habitats to population-specific gene expression profiles in ambient and stressful pH treatments. The results presented demonstrate population-based differentiation in gene expression plasticity, whereby mussels native to a habitat exhibiting a large magnitude of pH fluctuations with low predictability display reduced phenotypic plasticity between experimentally imposed pH treatments. This work validates recent theoretical findings on evolution in fluctuating environments using an ecologically important marine bivalve, and suggests that populations inhabiting regions exposed to unpredictably fluctuating selection pressures may exhibit reduced plasticity as global change progresses.</p>
Reduced stress defense responses contribute to the higher toxicity of a pesticide under warming
<p>There is a pressing need to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the, often magnifying, interactive effects between contaminants and natural stressors. We here test our hypothesis that lower general stress defense responses contribute to synergistic interactions between stressors. We focus on the widespread pattern that many contaminants are more toxic at higher temperatures. Specifically, we tested the effects of an environmentally realistic low-effect and high-effect concentration of the pesticide chlorpyrifos under warming at the gene expression level in the Northern house mosquito <em>Culex pipiens molestus</em> (Forskal, 1775). By applying the independent action model for combined stressors on RNA-seq data, we identified interactive gene expression patterns under combined exposure to chlorpyrifos and warming for general stress defense responses: protection of macromolecules, antioxidant processes, detoxification, and energy metabolism/allocation. Most of these general stress defense response genes showed upregulated antagonistic interactions, i.e. were less upregulated than expected under the independent action model. This indicates that when pesticide exposure was combined with warming the general stress defense responses were no longer buffering increased stress levels, which may contribute to a higher sensitivity to toxicants under warming. These upregulated antagonistic interactions were stronger for the high-effect chlorpyrifos concentration, indicating that exposure to this concentration under warming was most stressful. Our results highlight that quantitative analysis of the frequency and strength of the interaction types of general stress defense response genes, specifically focusing on antagonistic upregulations and synergistic downregulations, may advance understanding of how natural stressors modify the toxicity of contaminants.</p>
Data for: On-the-fly ab initio semiclassical evaluation of third-order response functions for two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy
<p>Data for publication: T. Begusic, J. Vanicek, On-the-fly ab initio semiclassical evaluation of third-order response functions for two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy, <em>J. Chem. Phys.,</em> <strong>153</strong>, 184110 (2020).</p> <p>Contains simulated linear and two-dimensional spectra of the S<sub>1</sub> - S<sub>0</sub> electronic transition of phenol, excited-state and ground-state ab initio trajectories at the PBE0/6-311G(d,p) level of theory, and other supporting data related to the abovementioned publication.</p>
ACF database on the predictors of time to recovery and non-response to SAM treatment in the MANGO trial
<p>This database contains the variables used to analyse the predictors of time to recovery and non-response to treatment of SAM in Burkina Faso. These results are have been submitted to review in Plos One in November 2020.</p>
Data for investigation of Ugandan red colobus monkey response to Hepatocystis parasites
<p>Supplemental data for analysis of gene expression response of Ugandan red colobus monkeys (<em>Piliocolobus tephrosceles</em>) to <em>Hepatocystis</em>, a malaria-like parasite.</p>
Code and Data for: "Signs of local adaptation and phenotypic plastic response to elevation shifted between environmental backgrounds in Snapdragon plants"
<p>Code and data for manuscript: "Signs of local adaptation and phenotypic plastic response to elevation shifted between environmental backgrounds in Snapdragon plants"</p>
Pupillary response to representations of light in paintings
<p>“.mat” files contain:</p> <ul> <li><strong>BUF2:</strong> Recording during fixation slide (column 1: time; column 2: right pupil width; column 3: right pupil height; column 4: left pupil width; column 5: left pupil height; column 6: glint data from right eye; column 7: glint data from right eye; column 8: image number)</li> <li><strong>BUF</strong>: Recording during stimulus presentation (same columns of BUF2)</li> <li><strong>c</strong>: block’s specifics (eye-tracker information, trials number and duration, start and end times of eye-tracker registrations)</li> <li><strong>smile</strong>: images code</li> <li><strong>Response</strong>: block’s information (first column: stimulus presentation time; variable number of other columns: smile variable; last column: trials number);</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Acceleration response of a benchmark 3 Story Structure (SAC) with MR damper under earthquake excitation
<p>This file contains acceleration response of benchmark 3 story structure equipped with MR damper under the Chuetsu-Oki earthquake in Niigata prefecture, Japan, which occurred on July 16th, 2007. Acceleration response of each story is separated and saved in separate text files. Text file contains four columns that the first one has been devoted to time series, while the remained (second, third, fourth) columns present acceleration responses in three perpendicular axes, X, Y, Z, respectively.</p>
Example Datasets for Iliski - Neuronal calcium, RBC velocities and fUS responses to odorant stimuli in the mouse olfactory bulb
<p>Dataset containing 2 HDF5 files, one per mouse. It is intended to be used to test Iliski, a Transfer Function computation software. Iliski is available on GitLab (<a href="https://gitlab.com/AliK_A/iliski">https://gitlab.com/AliK_A/iliski</a>) along with the User Manual. Refer to the User Manual and to the ReadMe file for more details on Iliski. Data were already published on Zenodo (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3773863">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3773863</a>), but along an old version of the software. This upload is made for clarity purposes.</p> <p>Each file contains acquisitions of responses to odorant stimuli in the olfactory bulb made with :</p> <ul> <li>two-photon linescan microscopy (for Ca2+ and RBC velocity);</li> <li>functional ultrafast ultrasound, acquired from a coronal plane.</li> </ul> <p>HDF5 files tree is as follows :</p> <ul> <li>Data type <ul> <li>Raw : straight out of our extraction software, no specific treatment applied;</li> <li>Aligned : every acquisition has been aligned so that the odor delivery matches the 10 s mark. Acquisitions have also been interpolated to be meaned;</li> <li>Delta : aligned acquisitions are subtracted with the baseline value (between 5 and 10 s);</li> <li>DetaOverBSL : aligned acquisitions are subtracted and then divided with the baseline value.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Data source <ul> <li>Ca : calcium data from GCamP6f expressed in the mitral cells dendritic tufts;</li> <li>RBC : RBC velocities in a capillary near the calcium recording site, simultaneously acquired;</li> <li>FUS : fUS data, coronal plane. Only in FUS folder is two different folders then : High and Lowspeed, corresponding to different filter for fUS treatment, > 80Hz and 10-30Hz respectively.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Stimulation type : Odorant_Quantity_Duration <ul> <li>Odorant type, either Iso Amyl Acetate (AA) or Ethyl tiglate (ET);</li> <li>Odor quantity : measured and calibrated in volt with a photo-ionizator;</li> <li>Odor duration : from 5 s down to 120 ms, a single sniff for a mouse.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Ca2+ : Calcium</p> <p>fUS : functional ultrafast ultrasound</p> <p>RBC : Red Blood Cell</p>
Geo-referenced crop-nutrient response function dataset for Tropical Africa
The profit potential for a given investment in fertilizer use can be estimated using representative crop nutrient response functions. Where response data is scarce, determination of representative response functions can be strengthened by using results from homologous crop growing conditions. Maize (Zea mays L.) nutrient response functions were selected from the Optimization of Fertilizer Recommendations in Africa (OFRA) database of 5500 georeferenced response functions determined from field research conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa. Three methods for defining inference domains for selection of response functions were compared. Use of the OFRA Inference Tool (OFRA-IT; http://agronomy.unl.edu/OFRA) resulted in greater specificity of maize N, P, and K response functions with higher R2 values indicating superiority compared with using the Harvest Choice Agroecological Zones (HC-AEZ) and the recommendation domains of the Global Yield Gap Atlas project (GYGA-RD). The OFRA-IT queries three soil properties in addition to climate-related properties while the latter two options use climate properties only. The OFRA-IT was generally insensitive to changes in criteria ranges of 20–25% used in queries suggesting value in using wider criteria ranges compared with the default for information scarce crop nutrient response functions.
A Survey on the Adoption of Patterns for Engineering Software for the Cloud - Response Dataset
<p>This work takes as a starting point a collection of patterns for engineering software for the cloud and tries to find how they are regarded and adopted by professionals. We investigate (1) their relevance for professional software developers, (2) the extent to which product and company characteristics influence their adoption, and (3) how adopting some patterns might correlate with the likelihood of adopting others. For this purpose, we surveyed 102 practitioners using an online questionnaire. </p> <p>Amongst other findings, we conclude that most companies are using these patterns, with the overwhelming majority (97%) using at least one. We observe that the mean pattern adoption tends to increase as companies mature, namely when varying the product operation complexity, active monthly users, and company size. Finally, we establish clear correlations in the adoption of specific pairs of patterns, with conditional probabilities as high as 94%, which hints on how some practices are dependent or influence the adoption of others.</p>
A novel phosphoproteomic landscape evoked in response to type I interferon in the brain and in glial cells
<p>Type I interferons (IFN-I) are key responders to central nervous system infection and injury. They mediate their effects primarily via transcriptional regulation of several hundred interferon-regulated genes. Using a mouse model for IFN-I-induced neurodegeneration, we identified widespread protein phosphorylation as a new mechanism by which IFN-I mediate their effects. Protein phosphorylation aligned with the clinical hallmarks and pathological outcome, including impaired development, motor dysfunction and seizures. <em>In vitro</em> experiments revealed extensive and rapid IFN-I-induced protein phosphorylation in microglia and astrocytes, the brain’s primary IFN-I-responding cells. Response to acute IFN-I stimulation was independent of gene expression and mediated by a small number of kinase families. The changes in the phosphoproteome affected a diverse range of cellular processes and functional analysis suggested that this response induced an immediate reactive state and prepared cells for subsequent transcriptional responses. Our studies reveal a hitherto unappreciated role for changes in the protein phosphorylation landscape in cellular responses to IFN-I and thus provide insights for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases caused by IFN-I.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.